Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/bəʀas

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Etymology

Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ras (“rice; fruit; bear fruit; round object”), whence Tibetan འབྲས ('bras).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bəʀaç/, /bəraç/

Noun

*bəʀas

rice ((raw) seeds used as food)

Descendants

East Formosan
- Ami
  - Amis: felac
- Kavalanic
  - Kavalan: beRas
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *bəʀas
- Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian
  - Central Malayo-Polynesian
    - Sumba-Flores
      - Ende-Manggarai
        Manggarai: weras
    - Timor-Babar
      - Nuclear Timor
        East Timor
        Tetumic
        Tetum: fos
  - Western Malayo-Polynesian
    - Borneo-Philippines
      - North Bornean
        Southwest Sabah
        Gana: bagas
        Greater Barito
        Barito
        East Barito
        Malagasy: vary
        West Barito
        South West Barito
        Ngaju: behas
        North Sarawakan
        Berawan-Kelabitic
        Berawan-Lower Baram
        Berawan: bekeh
        Kelabitic
        Kelabit: bera
        Kayan-Murik
        Modang-Kayan
        Kayan
        Baram Kayan: bahah
        Melanau-Bintulu
        Bintulu: vas
      - Philippine
        Central Philippine
        Bikol
        Coastal Bikol
        Naga
        Bikol Central: bagás
        Mansakan
        Mandayan
        Mansaka: bugas
        Palawan
        Palawan Batak: bəgás
        Tagalog: bigás
        Visayan
        Cebuano: bugás
        Central Visayan
        Peripheral Visayan
        Hiligaynon: bugás
        Western Visayan
        Aklanon: bugás
        Gorontalo–Mongondow
        Mongondowic
        Mongondow: bogat
        Mindanao
        Danao
        Maranao: begas (“cooked rice”)
        Subanun-Manobo
        Manobo
        Central Manobo
        West Central Manobo
        Western Bukidnon Manobo: beGas
        North Manobo
        Binukid: begas
        Northern Philippine
        Central Luzon
        Kapampangan: abyás
        Northern Luzon
        Northern Cordilleran
        Cagayan Valley
        Isnag: baggāt
        Ibanag–Gaddang
        Ibanagic
        Itawit: bággat
        Yogad: beggat
        Casiguran Dumagat Agta: begés
        South–Central Cordilleran languages
        Central Cordilleran
        Nuclear Cordilleran
        Bontoc-Kankanay
        Central Bontoc: begás (“fruit”)
        Kankanaey: begás
        Ifugao
        Tuwali Ifugao: boga
        South Cordilleran
        Pangasinic
        Pangasinan: belás
        Sangiric: *biʀas
        North-Sangirese
        Southern Mindoro
        Hanunoo: bugás
    - Celebic
      - Kaili-Pamona
        Northern Kaili-Pamona
        Pamona
        Pamona: wea
    - Sunda-Sulawesi
      - Chamorro: pugas
      - Old Javanese: weas
        Javanese: wos
      - Lampung
        Lampung Api: bias
      - Malayo-Sumbawan
        North-East Malayo-Sumbawan
        Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa
        Balinese: bahas
        Sasak-Sumbawa
        Sasak: beras
        Chamic
        Acehnese: breuëh
        Highlands Chamic
        Rade: braih
        Jarai: braih
        Tsat: phia¹¹
        Proto-Malayic: *bəras
        Ibanic
        Iban: beras
        Mualang: beras
        Seberuang: beras
        Malayan
        Brunei Malay: baras
        Malay: beras
        Indonesian: beras
        → Nias: beras
        Minangkabau: bareh
        Urak Lawoi': บรัซ (bras)
        Sundanese: béas
      - Moklen-Moken
        Moken: bela
      - Northwest Sumatran
        Batak
        Northern Batak
        Dairi Batak: beras (“fruit”)
        Karo Batak: beras
        Southern Batak
        Toba Batak: boras (“rice”)
        Northern Barrier Islands
        Simeulue: bərae
      - Rejang: blas
      - South Sulawesi
        Bugis
        Buginese: wereʔ
        Tamanic
        Embaloh: baras
        Mandar: barras
        Northern
        Toraja-Sa’dan
        Tae': barraʔ
Northern Formosan
- Atayalic
  - Atayal: buax
Paiwanic
- Paiwan: vat (“grain”)
Puyuma: veRas
Rukai: bósə / bəʔásə
Tsouic
- Southern Tsouic
  - Kanakanabu: və'əra
  - Saaroa: ə-vəraə
- Tsou: fərsə