< Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian
Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/buʀuk
 | This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Austronesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /buruk/, /buʀuk/
Adjective
*buʀuk
- rotten
- bad
Derived terms
- *(ma-)buʀuk
Descendants
- Formosan:
- Paiwan: vuk
- Saisiyat: bo꞉ok
- Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *buʀuk
- Proto-Philippine: *buʀuk
- Batanic
- Ibatan: voyok
- Central Luzon
- Kapampangan: bugúk
- Greater Central Philippine
- Central Philippine
- Bikol Central: bugók
- Cebuano: bugók
- Tagalog: bugók
- Manobo
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: buruk
- Gorontalo–Mongondow
- Gorontalo: hulu'o
- Central Philippine
- Sangiric
- Sangir: wuhu'
- Minahasan
- Tontemboan: wuruk
- Batanic
- Greater Barito
- Sama–Bajaw
- West Coast Bajau: buhuk
- East Barito
- Malagasy: vozo
- Sama–Bajaw
- North Borneo
- Proto-North Sarawak:
- Dayic
- Kelabit: buruk
- Dayic
- Proto-North Sarawak:
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
- Batak
- Dairi Batak: buruk
- Karo Batak: buruk
- Toba Batak: buruk
- Batak
- Malayo-Sumbawan
- Proto-Chamic: *bruʔ
- Acehnese: brö'
- Coastal Chamic
- Haroi: prŭ
- Cham: brŭk
- Eastern Cham: ꨝꨴꨭꩀ (bruk)
- Western Cham: prŭ
- Highlands Chamic
- Chru–Northern Chamic
- Chru: bru
- Northern Chamic
- Northern Roglai: brũ
- Tsat: zoʔ²⁴
- Rade–Jarai
- Jarai: brŭ
- Rade: brŭ
- Chru–Northern Chamic
- Proto-Malayic: *buruk
- Iban: burok
- Malay: buruk
- → Cebuano: bulok
- → Tagalog: bulok
- Indonesian: buruk
- Minangkabau: buruak
- Urak Lawoi': บูโระ (buroq)
- Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
- Balinese: buhuk
- Sundanese: buruk
- Proto-Chamic: *bruʔ
- Old Javanese: wūk
- South Sulawesi
- Buginese: buru'
- Tae': buruk
- Central Malayo-Polynesian
- Manggarai: buruk
- Rembong: buruk
- Sika: buruk
- Proto-Philippine: *buʀuk
Further reading
- Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary — *buRuk