Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/banua

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /banua/

Noun

*banua

inhabited land (territory supporting the life of a community)

Descendants

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *banua
- Proto-Philippine: *banua
  - Batanic:
    - Ibatan: banua
    - Itbayaten: vanua
    - Ivatan: vanua
  - Central Luzon:
    - Abenlen Ayta: banwa
    - Kapampangan: banwa, banua
  - Greater Central Philippine:
    - Central Philippine:
      - Bikol:
        Bikol Central: banwa
        Northern Catanduanes Bicolano: banwa
      - Subanen:
        Central Subanen: benwa
      - Visayan:
        Aklanon: banwa
        Asi: banwa
        Cebuano: banwa
        Hiligaynon: banwa
        Romblomanon: banwa
        Tausug: banuwa
        Waray-Waray: banwa
    - Manobo:
      - Agusan Manobo: banwa
      - Dibabawon Manobo: banwa
    - Palawan:
      - Brooke's Point Palawano: benwa
      - Central Tagbanwa: banwa, banuwa
      - Tagbanwa: banwa
    - South Mangyan:
      - Buhid: banwa
  - Kalamian:
    - Agutaynen: banoa
  - Minahasan:
    - Tondano: wanua
  - Northern Luzon:
    - Pangasinan: banwa
  - Sangiric:
    - Sangir: banua
- North Bornean
  - Southwest Sabahan
    - Dusunic
      - Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan: vonuvo
    - Paitanic
      - Tombonuo: wonuo
      - Upper Kinabatangan: wanuo
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
  - Mentawai: manua
  - Nias: banua
  - Simeulue: bano, fano
  - Toba Batak: banua
- Malayo-Sumbawan
  - Proto-Malayic: *bənua
    - Banjarese: banua
    - Brunei Malay: benua
    - Iban: menoa, menua
    - Malay: benua
      - Baba Malay: benua
      - Indonesian: benua
    - Minangkabau: benua, banua
    - Urak Lawoi': บือนูวา (benuwa)
- Old Javanese: wanwa
- South Sulawesi
  - Embaloh: banua
  - Makasar: banoa
  - Mandar: banua
  - Tae': banua
- Celebic
  - Banggai: bonua
  - Lauje: bonuo
  - Pamona: banua
  - Wolio: banua
- Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *banua
  - Central Malayo-Polynesian:
    - Selaru: hnua
    - Yamdena: pnue
  - Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
    - Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih: *fanua
      - Ansus: wanu
      - Roon: monu
      - Sawai: pnu
      - Waropen: nu
    - Proto-Oceanic: *panua (“village”)
      - Western Oceanic:
        Hiri Motu: hanua
        Molima: vanua
        Motu: hanua
      - Central–Eastern Oceanic:
        Southeast Solomonic:
        'Are'are: hanua
        Arosi: hanua, henua
        Bughotu: vanua
        Kwaio: fanua
        Longgu: vanua
        Lau: fanua
        Sa'a: hanua
        Southern Oceanic:
        Mota: vanua
        Nokuku: wenua
        Wusi: wanua
        Micronesian:
        Woleaian: faliuw
        Central Pacific:
        Fijian: vanua
        Proto-Polynesian: *fenua
        Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
        Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
        Marquesic:
        Hawaiian: henua, honua
        Mangarevan: ’enua
        North Marquesan: henua
        South Marquesan: fenua
        Rapa Nui: henua
        Tahitic:
        Maori: whenua
        Rakahanga-Manihiki: fenua, henua
        Rarotongan: 'enua
        Tahitian: fenua
        Tuamotuan: fenua
        Samoic-Outlier:
        Ellicean:
        Kapingamarangi: fenua, henua
        Sikaiana: henua
        Takuu: fenua
        Tuvaluan: fenua
        Futunic:
        Anuta: penua
        East Futuna: fenua
        Emae: fenua
        Mele-Fila: fenua
        Pukapukan: wenua
        Tikopia: fenua
        Samoic:
        Samoan: fanua
        Tokelauan: fenua
        Tongic:
        Niuafo'ou: fenua
        Tongan: fonua

Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/banua

Proto-Austronesian

Pronunciation

Noun

Descendants

Further reading