Reconstruction:Proto-Algonquian/erenyiwa

This Proto-Algonquian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Algonquian

Alternative forms

*elenyiwa (alternative orthography)

Noun

*erenyiwa

man, person

Synonyms

*na·pe·wa (“man, male”)

Descendants

Plains Algonquian:
- Blackfoot: nínaa(wa) (“man”)
- Arapahoan:
  - Arapaho: hinén (“man”)
  - Nawathinehena: hiten (“man”)
  - Gros Ventre: hineni (“man”)
- Cheyenne: hetane (“man”)
Central Algonquian:
- Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi:
  - Cree:
    - Plains Cree: iyiniw
    - Woods Cree: iθiniw
    - Swampy Cree: ininiw
    - Moose Cree: ililiw
    - Atikamekw iriniw
  - Montagnais-Naskapi:
    - East Cree:
      - Northern East Cree: īyiyiw (iiyiyiw) (iiyiyiu), ᐄᔨᔨᐤ (iiyiyiw, “human; Cree”)
      - Southern East Cree: īyiyū (iiyiyū) (iiyiyuu), ᐄᔨᔫ (iiyiyoo, “human; Cree”)
    - Montagnais: īlnu (Western), innu (Eastern)
    - Naskapi: iiyuw, iyyū (iiyuw, iyyū)
- Menominee: enɛ·niw (“man”)
- Eastern Great Lakes:
  - Ojibwe-Potawatomi:
    - Ojibwe: inini, nini (“man”)
    - Algonquin: inini (“man, male”)
    - Potawatomi: nine (“man”)
  - Fox: neniwa, ineniwa (“man”)
  - Shawnee: hileni
  - Miami: ileniwa (oldest form) → alenia (old form) → lenia (modern form)
Eastern Algonquian:
- Abenaki: alnôba (“human”)
- Massachusett: ninnu (“man”)
- Mohegan-Pequot: in (“man”)
- Quiripi: run (“man”) (Unquachog)
- Delaware:
  - Munsee: lúnuw (“man”)
  - Unami: lënu (“man”)
- Loup A: ilinȣ

References

Bloomfield (1946)
David Costa, Shawnee Noun Plurals, in Anthropological Linguistics, 43:3 (2001)
Costa, David J. (2003) The Miami-Illinois Language (Studies in the Native Languages of the Americas), Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN
Correspondences of Cree and Ojibwe Sounds and Proto-Algonquian, as described by Leonard Bloomfield in 'Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology # 6' (New York - 1946), with modifications proposed by Ives Goddard in 'The west-to-east cline in Algonquian dialectology' (Actes du 25e Congrès des Algonquinistes, 1994)