Reconstruction:Middle Persian/Kaf kōh

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Reconstruction:Middle Persian/Kaf kōh

This Middle Persian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Middle Persian

Alternative forms

• *Kaf kōf[1]

Etymology

From *Kaf of unknown origin + [Book Pahlavi needed] (kwp), 𐫐𐫇𐫜‎ (kwf /kōh/, “mountain”), from Old Persian 𐎣𐎢𐎳 (k-u-f /kaufaʰ/). Cognate with Parthian 𐭊𐭐𐭉 𐭕𐭅𐭓𐭓𐭀‎ (kpy TWRRʾ /Kap kōf/).

Proper noun

*Kaf kōh

1. (Zoroastrianism) Mount Qaf
2. Caucasus (mountains)

Derived terms

• Persian: قافکوه‎ (Qâfkuh), کوه قاف‎ (Kuh-e Qâf)
  • → Arabic: جبل قاف‎ (Jabal Qâf) (partial calque)
  • → Azerbaijani: Qaf dağı (partial calque)
  • → English: Mount Qaf (partial calque)
  • → German: Berg Qāf (partial calque)
  • → Greek: Καπ ὄρος (Kap ὄros) (partial calque)
  • → Hindustani:
    • Hindi: कोहकाफ (kohkāph), काफ (kāph)
    • Urdu: کوہ قاف‎ (Koh Qâf)
  • → Italian: Monte Qāf (partial calque)
  • → Punjabi: ਕ਼ਾਫ਼ ਪਹਾੜ (qāf pahāṛ) (partial calque)
  • → Western Panjabi: کوہ قاف‎ (Koh Qâf)
  • → Russian: Каф горы (Kaf gory), Каф (Kaf)
    • → Ukrainian: Каф горы (Kaf hory), Каф (Kaf)
  • → Spanish: Kafkuh, Cafcuh
  • → Turkish: Kaf Dağı (partial calque)
  • → Uzbek: Koʻhi Qof
• → Old Armenian: Կապկոհ (Kapkoh)
• →? Ancient Greek: Καύκᾰσος (Kaúkasos) (see there for further descendants)
  • →? Latin: Croucasis, Groucasis, Coraxici

References

1. Lieu, Samuel N. C. (2012), “Caucasus”, in Places and peoples in Central Asia and in the Graeco-Roman Near East: A multilingual gazetteer compiled for the Serica Project from select Pre-Islamic sources, page 8b