Reconstruction:Latin/ieniperus

This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Etymology

Alteration of iūniperus. Surfaces in the Appendix Probi under the form ⟨ziniperus⟩.[1] Later surfaces in various ninth-century manuscripts under the spellings ⟨giniperus, giniperu, geniperi⟩.[2]

Pronunciation

(Proto-Romance) IPA^(key): /jeˈnɪperʊs/

Noun

*ieniperus m

juniper

Descendants

Italo-Romance:
- Italian: ginepro
- Sicilian: jinìparu
Insular Romance:
- Old Sardinian: [Term?]
  - Gallurese: niparu
  - Logudorese: nibaru
  - Sassarese: zinibbari
North Italian:
- Gallo-Italic:
  - Emilian: zenvar, znever
  - Lombard: zenivru, zanibru, zenever
  - Old Ligurian: zeneivro
    - Ligurian: zenéivio
  - Piedmontese: zenèiver, geneiver, zneivar
- Friulian: zenevre, genevre
- Ladin: jeneivar
- Romansch: ganaivar, jünaivar, geneivar
- Venetian: xenevro
Gallo-Romance:
- Old Franco-Provençal: genevro
  - Franco-Provençal: genêvro
- Old French: genevre, geneivre, genoivre, geneifre, junevre
  - French: genièvre
  - Jersey Norman: génèvre
  - → Middle Dutch: genever, geniver, jenever
    - Dutch: genever, jenever
      - → English: jenever ⇒ gin
Occitano-Romance:
- Catalan: ginebre
- Gascon: genèbre, ginèbre
- Occitan: genibre
  Provençal: genèbre
  Vivaro-Alpine: genebre
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: chinepro, chinebro, chinabro, chinarro
- Old Portuguese: *jĩebro, *jĩbro
  - Galician: cimbro
  - Portuguese: zimbro
- Spanish: enebro
Borrowings:
- → Basque: ipuru
- → Middle Breton: genevreg
- →? Old Norse: einir (see there for further descendants)

References

J. G. F. Powell. 2007. A New Text of the "Appendix Probi". The Classical Quarterly. 57 (02): 700. doi:10.1017/S0009838807000638.
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “jŭnĭpĕrus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 5: J L, page 74

[1] J. G. F. Powell. 2007. A New Text of the "Appendix Probi". The Classical Quarterly. 57 (02): 700. doi:10.1017/S0009838807000638.

[2] Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “jŭnĭpĕrus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 5: J L, page 74