arc

arc

See also: arç, arc-, ārc-, Arc, and ARC

Translingual

Symbol

arc

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Aramaic.

---

English

Etymology

From Middle English ark, from Old French arc, from Latin arcus (“a bow, arc, arch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷos (“bow, arrow”). Doublet of arch, arco, and arrow.

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: äk, IPA^(key): /ɑːk/
• (US) enPR: ärk, IPA^(key): /ɑɹk/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)k
• Homophone: ark

A geometric arc, upper right.

An electric arc between two nails.

Noun

arc (plural arcs)

1. (astronomy) That part of a circle which a heavenly body appears to pass through as it moves above and below the horizon. [from 14th c.]
2. (geometry) A continuous part of the circumference of a circle (circular arc) or of another curve. [from 16th c.]
3. A curve, in general. [from 17th c.]
4. A band contained within parallel curves, or something of that shape. [from 17th c.]
5. (electrics) A flow of current across an insulating medium; especially a hot, luminous discharge between either two electrodes or as lightning. [from 19th c.]
6. A story arc. [from 20th c.]
7. (mathematics) A continuous mapping from a real interval (typically [0, 1]) into a space.
8. (graph theory) A directed edge.
9. (basketball, slang) The three-point line.
10. (film) An arclight.
    • 2012, Kris Malkiewicz, Film Lighting:

      For all practical purposes the old carbon arcs, which were the backbone of film lighting, are no longer used.

Synonyms

• (curve): curve, swoop
• (circular arc): circular arc, circle segment
• (directed edge): arrow, directed edge

Derived terms

• arc blast
• arc-boutant
• arc-connected
• arc elasticity
• arc eye
• arc fault
• arc flash
• arc-form pearly mussel
• arc-hyperbolic function
• arcjet
• arc-lamp
• arc lamp
• arc resistance
• arc-second
• arcweld
• arc welder's disease
• arc welding
• behind the arc
• carbon arc
• circumhorizontal arc
• diurnal arc
• electric arc
• great-circle arc
• great circle arc
• island arc
• mercury arc rectifier
• minute of arc
• nocturnal arc
• penalty arc
• redemption arc
• reflex arc
• second of arc
• subhelic arc
• tropical arc

 

Translations

geometry: part of a curve

Arabic: قَوْس‎ (ar) m (qaws), مُنْحَنَى‎ m (munḥanā) Armenian: աղեղ (hy) (ałeł) Azerbaijani: qövs (az) Catalan: arc (ca) m Chinese: Mandarin: 弧 (zh) (hú) Czech: oblouk (cs) m Danish: bue Dutch: boog (nl) Esperanto: arko Finnish: kaari (fi) French: arc de courbe m Galician: arco (gl) m German: Bogen (de) m, Arkus m, Kreisbogen (de) m Hungarian: ív (hu), körív (hu) Ido: arko (io) Irish: arc m Italian: arco (it) m Japanese: 円弧 (ja) (えんこ, enko) Korean: 원호 (ko) (wonho) Latin: arcus (la) m Malay: lengkung (ms), lengkuk, lengkok Malayalam: ചാപം (ml) (cāpaṃ) Maori: pewa Navajo: názhah Norwegian: Bokmål: bue (no) m Persian: کمان‎ (fa) (kamân) Polish: łuk (pl) m Portuguese: arco (pt) m Romanian: arc (ro) n Russian: дуга́ (ru) f (dugá), а́рка (ru) f (árka) Spanish: arco (es) m Swedish: kurva (sv) c, båge (sv) c Tagalog: bantok Turkish: yay (tr), kavis (tr) Vietnamese: vòng cung

curve

Armenian: աղեղ (hy) (ałeł) Bulgarian: дъга (bg) f (dǎga) Chinese: Mandarin: 弧形 (zh) (húxíng) Czech: oblouk (cs) m Dutch: boog (nl) m Esperanto: arko Finnish: kaari (fi) French: arc (fr) m Galician: curva (gl) f German: Bogen (de) m, Kurve (de) f Hungarian: ív (hu) Ido: arko (io) Italian: arco (it) m Japanese: 弧 (ja) (こ, ko) Latin: arcus (la) m Maori: pewa, tāwhana Navajo: ahééʼídzoh Norwegian: bue (no) m Persian: خم‎ (fa) (xam), کمان‎ (fa) (kamān) Portuguese: curva (pt) f Quechua: q'iwi Romanian: arc (ro) n Russian: дуга́ (ru) f (dugá) Slovak: oblúk m Spanish: curva (es) f Swedish: kurva (sv) c, båge (sv) c Tagalog: bantok Turkish: kavis (tr), eğri (tr)

electric discharge

Finnish: valokaari (fi) French: arc (fr) m German: Lichtbogen (de) m Hungarian: ív (hu), ívkisülés Ido: arko (io) Japanese: アーク (ja) (アーク, āku), アーク放電 (ja) (アークほうでん, āku hōden) Malay: arka Persian: قوس‎ (fa) (qows) Portuguese: arco (pt) m Spanish: arco (es) m Turkish: ark (tr)

mathematics: mapping

Finnish: käyrä (fi) Ido: arko (io) Irish: arc m Italian: curva in forma parametrica f Swedish: kurva (sv) c

directed edge — see directed edge

Verb

arc (third-person singular simple present arcs, present participle arcing or arcking, simple past and past participle arced or arcked)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To move following a curved path.
   • 2008, T. R. Elmore, Blood Ties Series, Volume 1, Tainted, Book 1 (page 106)

     A warring bloodhunter detected it and skillfully arced his sword through its spinal column before it could return to follow through with its attack.

   • 2011 February 4, Gareth Roberts, “Wales 19-26 England”, in BBC‎:

     Gatland's side got back to within striking distance when fly-half Jones's clever pass sent centre Jonathan Davies arcing round Shontayne Hape.

2. (transitive) To shape into an arc; to hold in the form of an arc.
   • 1953, James Baldwin, Go Tell It on the Mountain, New York, N.Y.: Knopf, OCLC 910382906, part 1 (The Seventh Day):

     His mother, her eyes raised to heaven, hands arked before her, moving, made real for John that patience, that endurance, that long suffering, which he had read in the Bible and found so hard to image.

3. (intransitive) To form an electrical arc.

Derived terms

• arc up

Related terms

• arch

Further reading

• arc in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• arc in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911
• arc at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

• CAR, CRA, Car, RAC, RCA, acr-, car, rac-

---

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin arcus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo-.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈaɾk/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ˈark/

• Audio (Catalonia)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾk

Noun

arc m (plural arcs)

1. bow (weapon)
2. (music) bow (used to play string instruments)
3. (geometry) arc
4. (architecture) arch

Derived terms

• arc de Sant Martí
• arc de triomf
• arc iris
• arcada
• arcbotant
• arcar
• arquejar
• arquer

See also

• fletxa

Further reading

• “arc” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “arc”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
• “arc” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “arc” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

---

French

Etymology

From Old French arc, from Latin arcus (“bow, arch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aʁk/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

arc m (plural arcs)

1. bow (weapon)
2. arc (curve)
3. (geometry) arc, circular arc, circle segment
4. (architecture) arch
5. (fiction) story arc

Derived terms

• arc à poulies
• arc de cercle
• arc de courbe
• arc de triomphe
• arceau
• arc électrique
• arc-en-ciel
• arc insulaire
• arc long anglais
• arc réflexe
• avoir plus d'une corde à son arc
• lampe à l'arc
• tir à l'arc

 

See also

• flèche f
• arche f

Further reading

• “arc”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• car

---

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin arcus.

Noun

arc m (plural arcs)

1. bow (weapon)
2. (architecture) arch

Related terms

• arcâ

See also

• frece

---

Hungarian

Etymology

An archaic compound word of orr (“nose”) and száj (“mouth”), via Proto-Finno-Ugric elements. The original form of these two words was or and szá, the compound word orszá. Over time, the final vowel became short (orsza), the sz changed to c (orca), today a poetic or archaic version. The next change was the initial o to a (arca) which felt as a possessive form and later shortened to the current term.[1][2]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɒrt͡s]

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɒrt͡s

Noun

arc (plural arcok)

1. (anatomy) face

   Synonyms: (informal) kép, (colloquial) pofa

2. (anatomy) cheek
3. (figuratively) sight, view, aspect, appearance
4. (slang, often following jó) chap, guy, dude, bloke, fellow

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	arc	arcok
accusative	arcot	arcokat
dative	arcnak	arcoknak
instrumental	arccal	arcokkal
causal-final	arcért	arcokért
translative	arccá	arcokká
terminative	arcig	arcokig
essive-formal	arcként	arcokként
essive-modal	arcul	—
inessive	arcban	arcokban
superessive	arcon	arcokon
adessive	arcnál	arcoknál
illative	arcba	arcokba
sublative	arcra	arcokra
allative	archoz	arcokhoz
elative	arcból	arcokból
delative	arcról	arcokról
ablative	arctól	arcoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	arcé	arcoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	arcéi	arcokéi

Possessive forms of arc
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	arcom	arcaim
2nd person sing.	arcod	arcaid
3rd person sing.	arca	arcai
1st person plural	arcunk	arcaink
2nd person plural	arcotok	arcaitok
3rd person plural	arcuk	arcaik

Derived terms

• arcátlan
• arcocska
• arctalan
• arculat
• arcú

 

Compound words

• arcápolás
• arcbőr
• arccsont
• arcél
• arcfesték
• arcfestés
• arcfintor
• arcforma
• arcideg
• arcizom
• arckép
• arckifejezés
• arckoponya
• arckrém
• arcpirító
• arcpirosító
• arctisztító
• arcüreg
• arcvonás
• arcszín
• arcszőrzet
• álarc
• babaarc
• faarc
• pókerarc

 

Expressions

• arca verítékével
• arcokat vág
• arcon csókol
• arcot vág
• arcra borul
• arcról arcra
• arcul csap
• arcul üt

 

References

1. arc in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
2. arc in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN

Further reading

• arc in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• arc in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)

---

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aɾˠk/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish orc, arc (“piglet”).

Noun

arc m (genitive singular airc, nominative plural airc)

1. piglet
2. diminutive animal or person

Alternative forms

• earc

Synonyms

• arcachán
• arcadán

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman arc, from Latin arcus (“a bow, arc, arch”).

Noun

arc m (genitive singular airc, nominative plural airc)

1. (mathematics, geometry) arc

Derived terms

• arclampa (“arc-lamp”)

Noun

arc m (genitive singular airc, nominative plural airc)

1. Alternative form of earc (“lizard; reptile”)

Declension

Declension of arc

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative arc airc Vocative a airc a arca Genitive airc arc Dative arc airc

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an t-arc na hairc Genitive an airc na n-arc Dative leis an arc don arc leis na hairc

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
arc	n-arc	harc	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “arc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 orc (‘young pig’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

---

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin arcus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aɾk/

• (file)

Noun

arc m (plural arcs)

1. bow
2. arch, arc

Derived terms

• arca
• arcada
• arcadon
• arcadura
• arcana
• arcanèl
• arcar
• arcaròl
• arcbalèsta
• arcelar
• arcelàs
• arcolan
• arquet
• arquetar
• arquièr

 

---

Old French

Etymology

From Latin arcus.

Noun

arc m (oblique plural ars, nominative singular ars, nominative plural arc)

1. bow (weapon made of a curved piece of wood or other flexible material whose ends are connected by a string)
2. (architecture) arch

Coordinate terms

• (bow): saete

Descendants

• → Middle English: ark, arke
  • English: arc
• French: arc

---

Old High German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ark/

Adjective

arc

1. Alternative form of arg

References

• Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer

---

Romanian

Etymology

From Latin arcus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo-.

Noun

arc n (plural arcuri)

1. bow (a weapon)
2. (architecture) arch

Declension

Declension of arc

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) arc	arcul	(niște) arcuri	arcurile
genitive/dative	(unui) arc	arcului	(unor) arcuri	arcurilor
vocative	arcule		arcurilor

Noun

arc n (plural arce)

1. (geometry) arc

Declension

Declension of arc

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) arc	arcul	(niște) arce	arcele
genitive/dative	(unui) arc	arcului	(unor) arce	arcelor
vocative	arcule		arcelor

Derived terms

• arcadă
• arcan
• arcatură
• arcaș
• arcui
• arcuibil
• arcuire
• arcuit
• arcuitură
• arculeț
• arcuș

Related terms

• arcar

See also

• săgeată

---

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /arxk/

Noun

arc f

1. bee, wasp[1]
2. impost, tax[1]
3. "Femen."[1] (clarification of this definition is needed)

References

1. arc in Edward Dwelly (1911), “arc”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN; accessed on 7 May 2015.