rau
Catalan
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈraw/
Verb
rau
- third-person singular present indicative form of raure
- second-person singular imperative form of raure
Dalmatian
Alternative forms
- ri
Etymology
From Latin reus. Compare Italian rio, Romanian rău.
Adjective
rau (feminine raja)
- bad
Fijian
Pronoun
rau
- they two, those two
See also
singular | dual | paucal | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | au | keirau (exclusive) kedaru (inclusive) | keitou (exclusive) kedatou (inclusive) | keimami (exclusive) keda (inclusive) | |||
2nd person | iko | kemudrau | kemudou | kemunii | |||
3rd person | koya | rau | iratou | ira |
German
Alternative forms
- rauh (superseded)
Etymology
From Middle High German rūch, from Old High German rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz. Though etymologically justified, the silent h was abolished in 1996 because rauh was the only word in which it was used after the diphthong -au-. Cognate with Dutch ruig and ruw, English rough (which see).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁaʊ̯/
Audio (file)
Adjective
rau (strong nominative masculine singular rauer, comparative rauer, superlative am rauesten or am rausten)
- rough
- 2010, Der Spiegel, issue 26/2010, page 125:
- Tiere, die in rauem Klima leben, sind oft klüger als ihre Artgenossen aus gemäßigten Breiten, das legen verschiedene Studien nahe.
- Several studies suggest that animals which live in rough climates are often smarter than members of the same species from moderate latitudes.
- 2010, Der Spiegel, issue 26/2010, page 125:
Usage notes
- The spelling rau has been the prescribed spelling since the German spelling reform of 1996 (the Rechtschreibreform). In the affected areas, the previous spelling (rauh) is now less common, and may be regarded as a misspelling.
Declension
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | er ist rau | sie ist rau | es ist rau | sie sind rau | |
strong declension (without article) | nominative | rauer | raue | raues | raue |
genitive | rauen | rauer | rauen | rauer | |
dative | rauem | rauer | rauem | rauen | |
accusative | rauen | raue | raues | raue | |
weak declension (with definite article) | nominative | der raue | die raue | das raue | die rauen |
genitive | des rauen | der rauen | des rauen | der rauen | |
dative | dem rauen | der rauen | dem rauen | den rauen | |
accusative | den rauen | die raue | das raue | die rauen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) | nominative | ein rauer | eine raue | ein raues | (keine) rauen |
genitive | eines rauen | einer rauen | eines rauen | (keiner) rauen | |
dative | einem rauen | einer rauen | einem rauen | (keinen) rauen | |
accusative | einen rauen | eine raue | ein raues | (keine) rauen |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | er ist rauer | sie ist rauer | es ist rauer | sie sind rauer | |
strong declension (without article) | nominative | rauerer | rauere | raueres | rauere |
genitive | raueren | rauerer | raueren | rauerer | |
dative | rauerem | rauerer | rauerem | raueren | |
accusative | raueren | rauere | raueres | rauere | |
weak declension (with definite article) | nominative | der rauere | die rauere | das rauere | die raueren |
genitive | des raueren | der raueren | des raueren | der raueren | |
dative | dem raueren | der raueren | dem raueren | den raueren | |
accusative | den raueren | die rauere | das rauere | die raueren | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) | nominative | ein rauerer | eine rauere | ein raueres | (keine) raueren |
genitive | eines raueren | einer raueren | eines raueren | (keiner) raueren | |
dative | einem raueren | einer raueren | einem raueren | (keinen) raueren | |
accusative | einen raueren | eine rauere | ein raueres | (keine) raueren |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | er ist am rauesten er ist am rausten | sie ist am rauesten sie ist am rausten | es ist am rauesten es ist am rausten | sie sind am rauesten sie sind am rausten | |
strong declension (without article) | nominative | rauester rauster | raueste rauste | rauestes raustes | raueste rauste |
genitive | rauesten rausten | rauester rauster | rauesten rausten | rauester rauster | |
dative | rauestem raustem | rauester rauster | rauestem raustem | rauesten rausten | |
accusative | rauesten rausten | raueste rauste | rauestes raustes | raueste rauste | |
weak declension (with definite article) | nominative | der raueste der rauste | die raueste die rauste | das raueste das rauste | die rauesten die rausten |
genitive | des rauesten des rausten | der rauesten der rausten | des rauesten des rausten | der rauesten der rausten | |
dative | dem rauesten dem rausten | der rauesten der rausten | dem rauesten dem rausten | den rauesten den rausten | |
accusative | den rauesten den rausten | die raueste die rauste | das raueste das rauste | die rauesten die rausten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) | nominative | ein rauester ein rauster | eine raueste eine rauste | ein rauestes ein raustes | (keine) rauesten (keine) rausten |
genitive | eines rauesten eines rausten | einer rauesten einer rausten | eines rauesten eines rausten | (keiner) rauesten (keiner) rausten | |
dative | einem rauesten einem rausten | einer rauesten einer rausten | einem rauesten einem rausten | (keinen) rauesten (keinen) rausten | |
accusative | einen rauesten einen rausten | eine raueste eine rauste | ein rauestes ein raustes | (keine) rauesten (keine) rausten |
Derived terms
- anrauen
- aufrauen
- Raubein
- Rauheit
Further reading
- “rau” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “rau” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “rau” in Duden online
Hunsrik
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /raʊ̯/
Adjective
rau
- rough
Derived terms
- Rauheet, Rauheit
Further reading
- Online Hunsrik Dictionary
Luxembourgish
Etymology
From Middle High German rūhe, from Old High German rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz. Cognate with German rau, Dutch ruig, English rough, West Frisian rûch.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ræu̯/, [ʀæˑʊ̯]
Adjective
rau (masculine rauen, neuter raut, comparative méi rau, superlative am rausten)
- rough
- D'Schuel vun dësem Bam ass ganz rau. ― The bark of this tree is very rough.
- raw, harsh
- D'Antarktis huet e raue Klima. ― Antarctica has a harsh climate.
- hoarse, husky
- Si huet eng rau Stëmm. ― She has a husky voice.
- boorish, uncouth, rough
- Wat e raue Mann! ― What a boorish man!
Declension
number and gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | hien ass rau | si ass rau | et ass rau | si si(nn) rau | |
nominative / accusative | attributive and/or after determiner | rauen | rau | raut | rau |
independent without determiner | raues | rauer | |||
dative | after any declined word | rauen | rauer | rauen | rauen |
as first declined word | rauem | rauem |
References
- rau in the Lëtzebuerger Online Dictionnaire
Maori
Etymology 1
From Proto-Polynesian *rau, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun (“leaf”) (compare Malay daun).
Noun
rau
- leaf
Etymology 2
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀatus, from Proto-Austronesian *ɣatus (“hundred”) (compare Malay ratus).
Numeral
rau
- hundred
References
- “rau” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori-English, English-Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.
- Tregear, Edward (1891) Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary, Wellington, New Zealand: Lyon and Blair, page 401
Middle English
Adjective
rau
- Alternative form of raw
Mo
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.
Noun
rau
- leaf
References
- George W. Grace, Notes on the phonological history of the Austronesian languages of the Sarmi Coast, in Oceanic Linguistics (1971, 10:11-37)
Mori Bawah
Verb
rau
- (stative) to be over there, somewhere remote but at the same elevation as the speaker and hearer
References
- The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar (2013, →ISBN, page 695-6
Rapa Nui
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *rau, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.
Noun
rau
- leaf
Etymology 2
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀatus, Proto-Austronesian *ɣatus. (compare Malay ratus, Maori rau)
Numeral
rau
- hundred
Synonyms
- ho'e hanere
- e-tahi te rau
Sobei
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.
Noun
rau
- leaf
References
- George W. Grace, Notes on the phonological history of the Austronesian languages of the Sarmi Coast, in Oceanic Linguistics (1971, 10:11-37)
Ternate
Etymology
Likely from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun; compare Malay daun, Sobei rau. Furthermore, Holton and Klamer reconstruct Proto-North Halmahera *soka (“leaf”), which this does not continue.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɾa.u]
Noun
rau (Jawi راوو)
- leaf
Alternative forms
- rawu
References
- Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890) Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Vietnamese
Etymology
From Proto-Vietic *-raw. Possibly a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 蔞/蒌 (SV: lâu).
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [zaw˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʐaw˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ɹa(ː)w˧˧]
Noun
rau
- leafy greens, leaf vegetable
Derived terms
- rau cải
- rau củ
- rau củ quả
- rau lang
- rau má
- rau muống
- rau răm
- rau thơm
White Hmong
< 5 | 6 | 7 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : rau | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Hmong-Mien *kruk (“six”), of Sino-Tibetan origin. Cognate with Iu Mien juqv.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʈau̯˧/
Numeral
rau
- six
References
- Ernest E. Heimbach, White Hmong - English Dictionary (1979, SEAP Publications)