rapar
Galician
Alternative forms
- arrapar
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese rapar (“to shave”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), probably from Gothic *𐌷𐍂𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌽 (*hrapōn), from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to scrape”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn; to touch”).[1] Doublet of rafar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /raˈpaɾ/
Verb
rapar (first-person singular present rapo, first-person singular preterite rapei, past participle rapado)
- to shave
- Synonyms: afeitar, barbear, pelar, rasurar
- to shear
- Synonym: tosquiar
- to scrape together dough
- Synonyms: raspar, ripar
- to level (with the brim)
- 1412, José García Oro (ed.), Galicia en la Baja Edad Media. Iglesia, señorío y nobleza. Santiago: Bibliófilos Gallegos, page 238:
- que page por esta medida cada lavrador que labrar con dous boys des e oyto medidas arrapadas e o que lavrar con huun boy nove medidas et o que lavrar con amarra tres medidas
- each peasant should pay by this measure: the one ploughing with two oxen, eighteen levelled measures; the one ploughing with one, nine measures; the one ploughing with a hoe, three
- que page por esta medida cada lavrador que labrar con dous boys des e oyto medidas arrapadas e o que lavrar con huun boy nove medidas et o que lavrar con amarra tres medidas
- Synonyms: rasar, rebolar
- 1412, José García Oro (ed.), Galicia en la Baja Edad Media. Iglesia, señorío y nobleza. Santiago: Bibliófilos Gallegos, page 238:
- to snatch
- 1814, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Aos coruñeses:
- En certa aldea traballou o ano pasado certo labrador certa porcion de terra: chegada a recolleita foi a segar, e colleu vinte pares de monllos, deles pagou o señor cura duos pares do desmo, pagou nove o señor amo; logo veu o señor cura, e rapoulle cinco polas toucas, quedaronlle catro, mallounos, e non lle deron un ferrado
- in certain village last year certain farmer farmed certain apportion of land: as the harvest came he went to reap; he collected twenty pairs of sheaves; of them he paid two pairs to the priest for the tithe, nine he paid to the landlord; then the priest came again and snatched five for the ecclesiastical services; he was left with four; he threshed them and obtained less than half a bushel
- En certa aldea traballou o ano pasado certo labrador certa porcion de terra: chegada a recolleita foi a segar, e colleu vinte pares de monllos, deles pagou o señor cura duos pares do desmo, pagou nove o señor amo; logo veu o señor cura, e rapoulle cinco polas toucas, quedaronlle catro, mallounos, e non lle deron un ferrado
- 1814, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Aos coruñeses:
Conjugation
Conjugation of rapar
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | rapar | |||||
| personal | rapar | rapares | rapar | raparmos | rapardes | raparen |
| Gerund | ||||||
| rapando | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | rapado | rapados | ||||
| feminine | rapada | rapadas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | rapo | rapas | rapa | rapamos | rapades | rapan |
| imperfect | rapaba | rapabas | rapaba | rapabamos | rapabades | rapaban |
| preterite | rapei | rapaches | rapou | rapamos | rapastes | raparon |
| pluperfect | rapara | raparas | rapara | raparamos | raparades | raparan |
| future | raparei | raparás | rapará | raparemos | raparedes | raparán |
| conditional | raparía | raparías | raparía | rapariamos | rapariades | raparían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | rape | rapes | rape | rapemos | rapedes | rapen |
| preterite | rapase | rapases | rapase | rapásemos | rapásedes | rapasen |
| future | rapar | rapares | rapar | raparmos | rapardes | raparen |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | rapa | rape | rapemos | rapade | rapen |
| negative | – | rapes | rape | rapemos | rapedes | rapen |
Derived terms
- rapa
- rapaconas
- rapacús
- rapada
- rapa das bestas
- rapadoira
- rapante
References
- “rapar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “rapa” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “rapar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “rapar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “rapar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “rapar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese rapar (“to shave”), from Gothic *𐌷𐍂𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌽 (*hrapōn), from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to scrape”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn; to touch”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁaˈpa(ʁ)/ [haˈpa(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁaˈpa(ɾ)/ [haˈpa(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁaˈpa(ʁ)/ [χaˈpa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁaˈpa(ɻ)/ [haˈpa(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɐˈpaɾ/
- (Brazil) Homophone: rapá
Verb
rapar (first-person singular present rapo, first-person singular preterite rapei, past participle rapado)
- to shave (remove hair completely)
- Rapei minha barba e meu cabelo. ― I shaved my beard and my hair.
- to scrape (draw a blade along a surface)
- Synonym: raspar
- (figurative) to eat everything from a plate or pan
- Estava com tanta fome que rapou a panela. ― He was so hungry that he emptied the pan.
Conjugation
Conjugation of rapar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | rapar | |||||
| Personal | rapar | rapares | rapar | raparmos | rapardes | raparem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| rapando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | rapado | rapados | ||||
| Feminine | rapada | rapadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | rapo | rapas | rapa | rapamos | rapais | rapam |
| Imperfect | rapava | rapavas | rapava | rapávamos | rapáveis | rapavam |
| Preterite | rapei | rapaste | rapou | rapamos1, rapámos2 | rapastes | raparam |
| Pluperfect | rapara | raparas | rapara | rapáramos | rapáreis | raparam |
| Future | raparei | raparás | rapará | raparemos | rapareis | raparão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| raparia | raparias | raparia | raparíamos | raparíeis | rapariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | rape | rapes | rape | rapemos | rapeis | rapem |
| Imperfect | rapasse | rapasses | rapasse | rapássemos | rapásseis | rapassem |
| Future | rapar | rapares | rapar | raparmos | rapardes | raparem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | rapa | rape | rapemos | rapai | rapem | |
| Negative (não) | não rapes | não rape | não rapemos | não rapeis | não rapem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Spanish
Etymology
From Gothic *𐌷𐍂𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌽 (*hrapōn, “to pull out”), from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to seize”).
Cognate with Middle High German raffen, Dutch rapen, English rap.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /raˈpaɾ/ [raˈpaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ra‧par
Verb
rapar (first-person singular present rapo, first-person singular preterite rapé, past participle rapado)
- to shave hair (on someone's head)
- (colloquial, Spain) to shave a beard
- Synonym: afeitar
- to crop
- (colloquial) to rob, steal
- Synonyms: hurtar, robar
- (Dominican Republic) to have sex
- Synonym: singar(Dominican Republic), joder
Conjugation
Conjugation of rapar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | rapar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | rapando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | rapado | rapada | |||||
| plural | rapados | rapadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | rapo | rapastú rapásvos | rapa | rapamos | rapáis | rapan | |
| imperfect | rapaba | rapabas | rapaba | rapábamos | rapabais | rapaban | |
| preterite | rapé | rapaste | rapó | rapamos | rapasteis | raparon | |
| future | raparé | raparás | rapará | raparemos | raparéis | raparán | |
| conditional | raparía | raparías | raparía | raparíamos | raparíais | raparían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | rape | rapestú rapésvos2 | rape | rapemos | rapéis | rapen | |
| imperfect (ra) | rapara | raparas | rapara | rapáramos | raparais | raparan | |
| imperfect (se) | rapase | rapases | rapase | rapásemos | rapaseis | rapasen | |
| future1 | rapare | rapares | rapare | rapáremos | rapareis | raparen | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | rapatú rapávos | rape | rapemos | rapad | rapen | ||
| negative | no rapes | no rape | no rapemos | no rapéis | no rapen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of rapar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive rapar | |||||||
| dative | raparme | raparte | raparle, raparse | raparnos | raparos | raparles, raparse | |
| accusative | raparme | raparte | raparlo, raparla, raparse | raparnos | raparos | raparlos, raparlas, raparse | |
| with gerund rapando | |||||||
| dative | rapándome | rapándote | rapándole, rapándose | rapándonos | rapándoos | rapándoles, rapándose | |
| accusative | rapándome | rapándote | rapándolo, rapándola, rapándose | rapándonos | rapándoos | rapándolos, rapándolas, rapándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative rapa | |||||||
| dative | rápame | rápate | rápale | rápanos | not used | rápales | |
| accusative | rápame | rápate | rápalo, rápala | rápanos | not used | rápalos, rápalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative rapá | |||||||
| dative | rapame | rapate | rapale | rapanos | not used | rapales | |
| accusative | rapame | rapate | rapalo, rapala | rapanos | not used | rapalos, rapalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative rape | |||||||
| dative | rápeme | not used | rápele, rápese | rápenos | not used | rápeles | |
| accusative | rápeme | not used | rápelo, rápela, rápese | rápenos | not used | rápelos, rápelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative rapemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | rapémoste | rapémosle | rapémonos | rapémoos | rapémosles | |
| accusative | not used | rapémoste | rapémoslo, rapémosla | rapémonos | rapémoos | rapémoslos, rapémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative rapad | |||||||
| dative | rapadme | not used | rapadle | rapadnos | rapaos | rapadles | |
| accusative | rapadme | not used | rapadlo, rapadla | rapadnos | rapaos | rapadlos, rapadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative rapen | |||||||
| dative | rápenme | not used | rápenle | rápennos | not used | rápenles, rápense | |
| accusative | rápenme | not used | rápenlo, rápenla | rápennos | not used | rápenlos, rápenlas, rápense | |
Derived terms
- cabeza rapada
Related terms
- rape
Further reading
- “rapar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
Noun
rapar
- indefinite plural of rap.
Verb
rapar
- present tense of rapa.
Anagrams
- parar