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单词 ram
释义

ram

See also: Ram, RAM, rám, râm, Râm, and rắm

English

A ram (male sheep).

Pronunciation

  • (UK, General American) enPR: răm, IPA(key): /ɹæm/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -æm

Etymology 1

From Middle English ram, rom, ramme, from Old English ramm (“ram”), from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“ram”), possibly from *rammaz (“strong”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Rom (“ram”), Dutch ram (“a male sheep”), German Ramm, Ramme (“ram”). Possibly akin also to Danish ram (“sharp; acrid; rank”), Swedish ram (“strong; perfect”), Faroese ramur (“strong; competent”), Icelandic rammur (“strong; sturdy”).

Noun

ram (plural rams)

  1. (zoology, agriculture) A male sheep, typically uncastrated.
  2. A battering ram; a heavy object used for breaking through doors.
  3. (military, nautical, chiefly historical) A warship intended to sink other ships by ramming them.
    • 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 178:
      About a couple of miles out lay an ironclad very low in the water, almost, to my brother's perception, like a water-logged ship. This was the ram Thunder Child.
  4. (military, nautical, chiefly historical) A reinforced section of the bow of a warship, intended to be used for ramming other ships.
  5. A piston powered by hydraulic pressure.
  6. An act of ramming.
  7. A weight which strikes a blow, in a ramming device such as a pile driver, steam hammer, or stamp mill.
Hyponyms

(warship intended to sink ships by ramming):

  • torpedo ram
Derived terms
  • hydraulic ram
  • ram air
  • ram bow
  • ramequin, ramekin
  • ramjet
  • ram press
  • ram pressure
  • ramrod
Translations
battering ram — see battering ram
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

From Middle English rammen, from the noun (see above). Compare Old High German rammen.

Verb

ram (third-person singular simple present rams, present participle ramming, simple past and past participle rammed)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) To collide with (an object), usually with the intention of damaging it or disabling its function.
    The man, driving an SUV, then rammed the gate, according to police.
    Two snatch thieves who snatched a woman's bag experienced swift karma when their victim accidentally rammed into their motorcycle.
    • 2021 December 29, Drachinifel, The USN Pacific Submarine Campaign - The Dark Year (Dec'41 - Dec'42)‎, archived from the original on 19 July 2022, retrieved 27 July 2022, 21:03 from the start:
      The only amusing highlight was Gudgeon having managed to exploit U.S. codebreaking efforts to ambush and destroy the submarine I-173, albeit not for the lack of the Mark 14's trying to sabotage the effort, as the torpedo that had hit the sub had refused to detonate; it seemed, however, that the car-crash levels of kinetic energy involved in the dud simply ramming the sub had nonetheless done enough to fatally damage it.
  2. (transitive) To strike (something) hard, especially with an implement.
    To build a sturdy fence, you have to ram the posts deep into the ground.
  3. (transitive) To seat a cartridge, projectile, or propellant charge in the breech of a firearm by pushing or striking.
    After placing the cartridge in the musket, ram it down securely with the ramrod.
  4. (transitive) To fill or compact by pounding or driving.
    rammed earth walls
  5. (slang) To thrust during sexual intercourse.
    • 1999, Mr.Web, Size Matters review by mr. web review Group: rec.arts.movies.erotica
      like feel a soft butt against their pelvis or ram a girl really hard with piston-like speed while she begs and screams for more
Derived terms
  • overram
  • rammed earth
  • rammer
Translations
See also
  • Wikipedia article on sheep
  • ewe
  • hog
  • shearling
  • teg
  • wether

Etymology 3

Likely from Old Norse ramr, rammr (“strong, rank, bitter”), from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“strong, overbearing; acrid, rank”), perhaps ultimately related to Etymology 1 above. Compare Scots ram (“a rank odour”). Compare also Middle English rammish (“rank, offensive in smell”).

Adjective

ram (comparative more ram, superlative most ram)

  1. (Northern England) Rancid; offensive in smell or taste.

Anagrams

  • -mar-, AMR, ARM, Arm, Arm., MAR, MRA, Mar, Mar., RMA, arm, mar, mar-

Catalan

Etymology

Latin rāmus

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈram/
  • Rhymes: -am

Noun

ram m (plural rams)

  1. bouquet, bunch
  2. (architecture) flight of stairs
  3. (figurative) branch (area in business or of knowledge, research)

Derived terms

  • ramegall
  • ramejar
  • ramell

Further reading

  • “ram” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
  • “ram” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
  • “ram”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /rɑm/
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: ram
  • Rhymes: -ɑm

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ram (“a male sheep”), from Old Dutch *ram, of West-Germanic origin, possibly from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“strong”). Cognate to English ram (“a male sheep”).

Noun

ram m (plural rammen, diminutive rammetje n, feminine ooi)

  1. ram (male sheep)
  2. male rabbit
  3. battering ram

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ram

  1. first-person singular present indicative of rammen
  2. imperative of rammen

Anagrams

  • arm

Elfdalian

Adjective

ram

  1. hoarse

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Friulian

Etymology 1

From Latin rāmus.

Noun

ram m (plural rams)

  1. branch
  • rame

Etymology 2

From Vulgar Latin *arame(n), from Late Latin aerāmen, from Latin aes (“copper”). Compare Italian rame.

Noun

ram m

  1. copper

Gerka

Alternative forms

  • ɣam

Etymology

Related to Ngas am (“water”).

Noun

ram

  1. water

References

  • Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201, →ISBN:
    […] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:
    (1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: Gerka ram [ɣam, ref. < *ham] [Ftp. 1911, 221] = ɣàm "Wasser" [Jng. 1965, 174], […]

Haruai

Noun

ram

  1. house

Further reading

  • Dicky Gilbers, John A. Nerbonne, J. Schaeken, Languages in Contact (2000, →ISBN), page 84: "Examples of basic vocabulary items that are shared by Haruai and Kobon but not by Hagahai (on the basis of the lists in Davies and Comrie (1984)) include, for instance: Haruai ram, Kobon ram 'house';"

Kobon

Noun

ram

  1. house

Further reading

  • Bernard Comrie, Switch Reference in Huichol, in Switch-reference and Universal Grammar, edited by John Haiman, Pamela Munro, page 29 (in notes):
    hol bɨ kaj pak-ul ram ud ar-bul
    we-two man pig strike SS-1DU house take go I-1DU
    'we two killed a pig and took it home'
  • Dicky Gilbers, John A. Nerbonne, J. Schaeken, Languages in Contact (2000, →ISBN), page 84: "Examples of basic vocabulary items that are shared by Haruai and Kobon but not by Hagahai (on the basis of the lists in Davies and Comrie (1984)) include, for instance: Haruai ram, Kobon ram 'house';"

Maltese

Chemical element
Cu
Previous: nikil (Ni)
Next: żingu (Zn)

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian rame (“copper”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /raːm/

Noun

ram m

  1. (chemistry) copper

Middle English

Alternative forms

  • rame, ramme, rom, rem

Etymology

From Old English ramm, from Proto-Germanic *rammaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ram/, /raːm/, /rɔm/

Noun

ram (plural rams)

  1. male sheep, ram
  2. (astrology) Aries
  3. pile driver, battering ram

Descendants

  • English: ram
  • Scots: ram

References

  • “ram, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-03.

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

ram

  1. imperative of ramme

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin rāmus. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French raim.

Noun

ram m (oblique plural rams, nominative singular rams, nominative plural ram)

  1. branch (of a tree, etc.)
  • ramel

Descendants

  • Occitan: ram

References

  • Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “rāmus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 10: R, page 39

Romanian

Etymology

From Latin rāmus, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈram/
  • Rhymes: -am
  • Audio(file)

Noun

ram n (plural ramuri)

  1. (rare) branch, bough

Synonyms

  • creangă
  • ramură
  • dărâma
  • ramură
  • rămuros

Romansch

Etymology 1

From Latin rāmus.

Noun

ram m (plural rams)

  1. (Puter) branch (of tree, river, etc.)
  2. (Puter, education) subject
Alternative forms
  • (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) rom
Synonyms
  • (branch): (Puter) manzina

Etymology 2

Germanic borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *ramō (“frame”).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

ram m (plural rams)

  1. (Puter) frame, framework
Alternative forms
  • (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) rom
  • (Sursilvan) rama

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ram f (plural rams)

  1. (Puter) knot, gnarl
Alternative forms
  • (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) rom

Swedish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /rɑːm/
  • audio(file)

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish rama, from Middle Low German rame, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *ramō (“frame”).

Noun

ram c or m

  1. frame (e.g. around a painting)
  2. frame, boundaries (the set of options for actions given)
  3. frame (a context for understanding)
  4. bicycle frame
Declension
Declension of ram 
SingularPlural
IndefiniteDefiniteIndefiniteDefinite
Nominativeramramenramarramarna
Genitiveramsramensramarsramarnas
Descendants
  • → Finnish: raami

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish ramber, Old Norse hrammr (“bear's claw; paw”).

Noun

ram c or m

  1. paw (of a bear)

Anagrams

  • arm, mar

Ternate

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɾam]

Verb

ram

  1. (transitive) to wipe with both hands

Conjugation

Conjugation of ram
SingularPlural
InclusiveExclusive
1sttoramforammiram
2ndnoramniram
3rdMasculineoramiram, yoram†
Femininemoram
Neuteriram
† - archaic

References

  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English rum.

Noun

ram

  1. rum

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [zaːm˧˧]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [ʐaːm˧˧]
  • (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ɹaːm˧˧]

Noun

ram

  1. (Central Vietnam) spring roll

Synonyms

  • nem
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