rainer
See also: Rainer
English
Etymology
rain + -er
Noun
rainer (plural rainers)
- (rare) That which rains, or dispenses something in a shower.
- c, 1893-1899, Ralph T. H. Griffith (translator), The Vedas
- Indra, Brhaspati, rainers of treasure, rejoicing at this sacrifice drink the Soma.
- 1974, Arthur Chapman Barnes, The Sugar Cane (page 190)
- Pressure volume relationships determine the quantity of water discharged from rainers of different sizes of nozzle in a given time over the area of the wetted circles […]
- c, 1893-1899, Ralph T. H. Griffith (translator), The Vedas
French
Etymology
rainure + -er
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁɛ.ne/, /ʁe.ne/
Audio (file)
Verb
rainer
- (transitive) to groove (make a groove in)
Conjugation
Conjugation of rainer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | rainer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | rainant /ʁɛ.nɑ̃/ or /ʁe.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | rainé /ʁɛ.ne/ or /ʁe.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | raine /ʁɛn/ | raines /ʁɛn/ | raine /ʁɛn/ | rainons /ʁɛ.nɔ̃/ or /ʁe.nɔ̃/ | rainez /ʁɛ.ne/ or /ʁe.ne/ | rainent /ʁɛn/ |
| imperfect | rainais /ʁɛ.nɛ/ or /ʁe.nɛ/ | rainais /ʁɛ.nɛ/ or /ʁe.nɛ/ | rainait /ʁɛ.nɛ/ or /ʁe.nɛ/ | rainions /ʁɛ.njɔ̃/ or /ʁe.njɔ̃/ | rainiez /ʁɛ.nje/ or /ʁe.nje/ | rainaient /ʁɛ.nɛ/ or /ʁe.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | rainai /ʁɛ.ne/ or /ʁe.ne/ | rainas /ʁɛ.na/ or /ʁe.na/ | raina /ʁɛ.na/ or /ʁe.na/ | rainâmes /ʁɛ.nam/ or /ʁe.nam/ | rainâtes /ʁɛ.nat/ or /ʁe.nat/ | rainèrent /ʁɛ.nɛʁ/ or /ʁe.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | rainerai /ʁɛn.ʁe/ | raineras /ʁɛn.ʁa/ | rainera /ʁɛn.ʁa/ | rainerons /ʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/ | rainerez /ʁɛn.ʁe/ | raineront /ʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | rainerais /ʁɛn.ʁɛ/ | rainerais /ʁɛn.ʁɛ/ | rainerait /ʁɛn.ʁɛ/ | rainerions /ʁɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ʁe.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ | raineriez /ʁɛ.nə.ʁje/ or /ʁe.nə.ʁje/ | raineraient /ʁɛn.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | raine /ʁɛn/ | raines /ʁɛn/ | raine /ʁɛn/ | rainions /ʁɛ.njɔ̃/ or /ʁe.njɔ̃/ | rainiez /ʁɛ.nje/ or /ʁe.nje/ | rainent /ʁɛn/ |
| imperfect2 | rainasse /ʁɛ.nas/ or /ʁe.nas/ | rainasses /ʁɛ.nas/ or /ʁe.nas/ | rainât /ʁɛ.na/ or /ʁe.na/ | rainassions /ʁɛ.na.sjɔ̃/ or /ʁe.na.sjɔ̃/ | rainassiez /ʁɛ.na.sje/ or /ʁe.na.sje/ | rainassent /ʁɛ.nas/ or /ʁe.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | raine /ʁɛn/ | — | rainons /ʁɛ.nɔ̃/ or /ʁe.nɔ̃/ | rainez /ʁɛ.ne/ or /ʁe.ne/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “rainer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
Verb
rainer
- Alternative form of reignier
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of rainer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | rainer | avoir rainé | |||||
| gerund | en rainant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | rainant | ||||||
| past participle | rainé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | rain | raines | raine | rainons | rainez | rainent |
| imperfect | rainoie, raineie, rainoe, raineve | rainoies, raineies, rainoes, raineves | rainoit, raineit, rainot, raineve | rainiiens, rainiens | rainiiez, rainiez | rainoient, raineient, rainoent, rainevent | |
| preterite | rainai | rainas | raina | rainames | rainastes | rainerent | |
| future | rainerai | raineras | rainera | rainerons | raineroiz, rainereiz, rainerez | raineront | |
| conditional | raineroie, rainereie | raineroies, rainereies | raineroit, rainereit | raineriiens, raineriens | raineriiez, raineriez | raineroient, rainereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | rain | rains | raint | rainons | rainez | rainent |
| imperfect | rainasse | rainasses | rainast | rainissons, rainissiens | rainissoiz, rainissez, rainissiez | rainassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | raine | — | rainons | rainez | — | ||