quba

Xhosa

Etymology

Cognate with Nama ǃkhū (“beat to death”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kǃuːɓa]

Verb

-quba

(transitive) to strike

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ǃúːɓa/

Verb

-qúba

(intransitive) to pass by and kick up dust
(intransitive) to lie down in hiding, to sleep in the open

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukuquba
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuquba	ukungaqubi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	quba	-qube
Plural	qubani	-qubeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaquba, ngiquba	engiqubayo, engiquba	ngiquba	angiqubi	engingaqubi	ngingaqubi
2nd singular	uyaquba, uquba	oqubayo, oquba	uquba	awuqubi	ongaqubi	ungaqubi
1st plural	siyaquba, siquba	esiqubayo, esiquba	siquba	asiqubi	esingaqubi	singaqubi
2nd plural	niyaquba, niquba	eniqubayo, eniquba	niquba	aniqubi	eningaqubi	ningaqubi
Class 1	uyaquba, uquba	oqubayo, oquba	equba	akaqubi	ongaqubi	engaqubi
Class 2	bayaquba, baquba	abaqubayo, abaquba	bequba	abaqubi	abangaqubi	bengaqubi
Class 3	uyaquba, uquba	oqubayo, oquba	uquba	awuqubi	ongaqubi	ungaqubi
Class 4	iyaquba, iquba	equbayo, equba	iquba	ayiqubi	engaqubi	ingaqubi
Class 5	liyaquba, liquba	eliqubayo, eliquba	liquba	aliqubi	elingaqubi	lingaqubi
Class 6	ayaquba, aquba	aqubayo, aquba	equba	awaqubi	angaqubi	engaqubi
Class 7	siyaquba, siquba	esiqubayo, esiquba	siquba	asiqubi	esingaqubi	singaqubi
Class 8	ziyaquba, ziquba	eziqubayo, eziquba	ziquba	aziqubi	ezingaqubi	zingaqubi
Class 9	iyaquba, iquba	equbayo, equba	iquba	ayiqubi	engaqubi	ingaqubi
Class 10	ziyaquba, ziquba	eziqubayo, eziquba	ziquba	aziqubi	ezingaqubi	zingaqubi
Class 11	luyaquba, luquba	oluqubayo, oluquba	luquba	aluqubi	olungaqubi	lungaqubi
Class 14	buyaquba, buquba	obuqubayo, obuquba	buquba	abuqubi	obungaqubi	bungaqubi
Class 15	kuyaquba, kuquba	okuqubayo, okuquba	kuquba	akuqubi	okungaqubi	kungaqubi
Class 17	kuyaquba, kuquba	okuqubayo, okuquba	kuquba	akuqubi	okungaqubi	kungaqubi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiqubile, ngiqubē	engiqubile, engiqubē	ngiqubile, ngiqubē	angiqubanga	engingaqubanga	ngingaqubanga
2nd singular	uqubile, uqubē	oqubile, oqubē	uqubile, uqubē	awuqubanga	ongaqubanga	ungaqubanga
1st plural	siqubile, siqubē	esiqubile, esiqubē	siqubile, siqubē	asiqubanga	esingaqubanga	singaqubanga
2nd plural	niqubile, niqubē	eniqubile, eniqubē	niqubile, niqubē	aniqubanga	eningaqubanga	ningaqubanga
Class 1	uqubile, uqubē	oqubile, oqubē	equbile, equbē	akaqubanga	ongaqubanga	engaqubanga
Class 2	baqubile, baqubē	abaqubile, abaqubē	bequbile, bequbē	abaqubanga	abangaqubanga	bengaqubanga
Class 3	uqubile, uqubē	oqubile, oqubē	uqubile, uqubē	awuqubanga	ongaqubanga	ungaqubanga
Class 4	iqubile, iqubē	equbile, equbē	iqubile, iqubē	ayiqubanga	engaqubanga	ingaqubanga
Class 5	liqubile, liqubē	eliqubile, eliqubē	liqubile, liqubē	aliqubanga	elingaqubanga	lingaqubanga
Class 6	aqubile, aqubē	aqubile, aqubē	equbile, equbē	awaqubanga	angaqubanga	engaqubanga
Class 7	siqubile, siqubē	esiqubile, esiqubē	siqubile, siqubē	asiqubanga	esingaqubanga	singaqubanga
Class 8	ziqubile, ziqubē	eziqubile, eziqubē	ziqubile, ziqubē	aziqubanga	ezingaqubanga	zingaqubanga
Class 9	iqubile, iqubē	equbile, equbē	iqubile, iqubē	ayiqubanga	engaqubanga	ingaqubanga
Class 10	ziqubile, ziqubē	eziqubile, eziqubē	ziqubile, ziqubē	aziqubanga	ezingaqubanga	zingaqubanga
Class 11	luqubile, luqubē	oluqubile, oluqubē	luqubile, luqubē	aluqubanga	olungaqubanga	lungaqubanga
Class 14	buqubile, buqubē	obuqubile, obuqubē	buqubile, buqubē	abuqubanga	obungaqubanga	bungaqubanga
Class 15	kuqubile, kuqubē	okuqubile, okuqubē	kuqubile, kuqubē	akuqubanga	okungaqubanga	kungaqubanga
Class 17	kuqubile, kuqubē	okuqubile, okuqubē	kuqubile, kuqubē	akuqubanga	okungaqubanga	kungaqubanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāquba	engāquba	ngāquba	angiqubanga	engingaqubanga	ngingaqubanga
2nd singular	wāquba	owāquba	wāquba	awuqubanga	ongaqubanga	ungaqubanga
1st plural	sāquba	esāquba	sāquba	asiqubanga	esingaqubanga	singaqubanga
2nd plural	nāquba	enāquba	nāquba	aniqubanga	eningaqubanga	ningaqubanga
Class 1	wāquba	owāquba	āquba	akaqubanga	ongaqubanga	engaqubanga
Class 2	bāquba	abāquba	bāquba	abaqubanga	abangaqubanga	bengaqubanga
Class 3	wāquba	owāquba	wāquba	awuqubanga	ongaqubanga	ungaqubanga
Class 4	yāquba	eyāquba	yāquba	ayiqubanga	engaqubanga	ingaqubanga
Class 5	lāquba	elāquba	lāquba	aliqubanga	elingaqubanga	lingaqubanga
Class 6	āquba	āquba	āquba	awaqubanga	angaqubanga	engaqubanga
Class 7	sāquba	esāquba	sāquba	asiqubanga	esingaqubanga	singaqubanga
Class 8	zāquba	ezāquba	zāquba	aziqubanga	ezingaqubanga	zingaqubanga
Class 9	yāquba	eyāquba	yāquba	ayiqubanga	engaqubanga	ingaqubanga
Class 10	zāquba	ezāquba	zāquba	aziqubanga	ezingaqubanga	zingaqubanga
Class 11	lwāquba	olwāquba	lwāquba	aluqubanga	olungaqubanga	lungaqubanga
Class 14	bāquba	obāquba	bāquba	abuqubanga	obungaqubanga	bungaqubanga
Class 15	kwāquba	okwāquba	kwāquba	akuqubanga	okungaqubanga	kungaqubanga
Class 17	kwāquba	okwāquba	kwāquba	akuqubanga	okungaqubanga	kungaqubanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingaquba	—	ngingaquba	ngingeqube	—	ngingeqube
2nd singular	ungaquba	—	ungaquba	ungeqube	—	ungeqube
1st plural	singaquba	—	singaquba	singeqube	—	singeqube
2nd plural	ningaquba	—	ningaquba	ningeqube	—	ningeqube
Class 1	angaquba	—	engaquba	angeqube	—	engeqube
Class 2	bangaquba	—	bengaquba	bangeqube	—	bengeqube
Class 3	ungaquba	—	ungaquba	ungeqube	—	ungeqube
Class 4	ingaquba	—	ingaquba	ingeqube	—	ingeqube
Class 5	lingaquba	—	lingaquba	lingeqube	—	lingeqube
Class 6	angaquba	—	engaquba	angeqube	—	engeqube
Class 7	singaquba	—	singaquba	singeqube	—	singeqube
Class 8	zingaquba	—	zingaquba	zingeqube	—	zingeqube
Class 9	ingaquba	—	ingaquba	ingeqube	—	ingeqube
Class 10	zingaquba	—	zingaquba	zingeqube	—	zingeqube
Class 11	lungaquba	—	lungaquba	lungeqube	—	lungeqube
Class 14	bungaquba	—	bungaquba	bungeqube	—	bungeqube
Class 15	kungaquba	—	kungaquba	kungeqube	—	kungeqube
Class 17	kungaquba	—	kungaquba	kungeqube	—	kungeqube
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizoquba	engizoquba	ngizoquba	angizuquba	engingezuquba	ngingezuquba
2nd singular	uzoquba	ozoquba	uzoquba	awuzuquba	ongezuquba	ungezuquba
1st plural	sizoquba	esizoquba	sizoquba	asizuquba	esingezuquba	singezuquba
2nd plural	nizoquba	enizoquba	nizoquba	anizuquba	eningezuquba	ningezuquba
Class 1	uzoquba	ozoquba	ezoquba	akazuquba	ongezuquba	engezuquba
Class 2	bazoquba	abazoquba	bezoquba	abazuquba	abangezuquba	bengezuquba
Class 3	uzoquba	ozoquba	uzoquba	awuzuquba	ongezuquba	ungezuquba
Class 4	izoquba	ezoquba	izoquba	ayizuquba	engezuquba	ingezuquba
Class 5	lizoquba	elizoquba	lizoquba	alizuquba	elingezuquba	lingezuquba
Class 6	azoquba	azoquba	ezoquba	awazuquba	angezuquba	engezuquba
Class 7	sizoquba	esizoquba	sizoquba	asizuquba	esingezuquba	singezuquba
Class 8	zizoquba	ezizoquba	zizoquba	azizuquba	ezingezuquba	zingezuquba
Class 9	izoquba	ezoquba	izoquba	ayizuquba	engezuquba	ingezuquba
Class 10	zizoquba	ezizoquba	zizoquba	azizuquba	ezingezuquba	zingezuquba
Class 11	luzoquba	oluzoquba	luzoquba	aluzuquba	olungezuquba	lungezuquba
Class 14	buzoquba	obuzoquba	buzoquba	abuzuquba	obungezuquba	bungezuquba
Class 15	kuzoquba	okuzoquba	kuzoquba	akuzuquba	okungezuquba	kungezuquba
Class 17	kuzoquba	okuzoquba	kuzoquba	akuzuquba	okungezuquba	kungezuquba
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyoquba	engiyoquba	ngiyoquba	angiyuquba	engingeyuquba	ngingeyuquba
2nd singular	uyoquba	oyoquba	uyoquba	awuyuquba	ongeyuquba	ungeyuquba
1st plural	siyoquba	esiyoquba	siyoquba	asiyuquba	esingeyuquba	singeyuquba
2nd plural	niyoquba	eniyoquba	niyoquba	aniyuquba	eningeyuquba	ningeyuquba
Class 1	uyoquba	oyoquba	eyoquba	akayuquba	ongeyuquba	engeyuquba
Class 2	bayoquba	abayoquba	beyoquba	abayuquba	abangeyuquba	bengeyuquba
Class 3	uyoquba	oyoquba	uyoquba	awuyuquba	ongeyuquba	ungeyuquba
Class 4	iyoquba	eyoquba	iyoquba	ayiyuquba	engeyuquba	ingeyuquba
Class 5	liyoquba	eliyoquba	liyoquba	aliyuquba	elingeyuquba	lingeyuquba
Class 6	ayoquba	ayoquba	eyoquba	awayuquba	angeyuquba	engeyuquba
Class 7	siyoquba	esiyoquba	siyoquba	asiyuquba	esingeyuquba	singeyuquba
Class 8	ziyoquba	eziyoquba	ziyoquba	aziyuquba	ezingeyuquba	zingeyuquba
Class 9	iyoquba	eyoquba	iyoquba	ayiyuquba	engeyuquba	ingeyuquba
Class 10	ziyoquba	eziyoquba	ziyoquba	aziyuquba	ezingeyuquba	zingeyuquba
Class 11	luyoquba	oluyoquba	luyoquba	aluyuquba	olungeyuquba	lungeyuquba
Class 14	buyoquba	obuyoquba	buyoquba	abuyuquba	obungeyuquba	bungeyuquba
Class 15	kuyoquba	okuyoquba	kuyoquba	akuyuquba	okungeyuquba	kungeyuquba
Class 17	kuyoquba	okuyoquba	kuyoquba	akuyuquba	okungeyuquba	kungeyuquba
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngiqube	ngingaqubi
2nd singular	uqube	ungaqubi
1st plural	siqube	singaqubi
2nd plural	niqube	ningaqubi
Class 1	aqube	angaqubi
Class 2	baqube	bangaqubi
Class 3	uqube	ungaqubi
Class 4	iqube	ingaqubi
Class 5	liqube	lingaqubi
Class 6	aqube	angaqubi
Class 7	siqube	singaqubi
Class 8	ziqube	zingaqubi
Class 9	iqube	ingaqubi
Class 10	ziqube	zingaqubi
Class 11	luqube	lungaqubi
Class 14	buqube	bungaqubi
Class 15	kuqube	kungaqubi
Class 17	kuqube	kungaqubi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaquba	ngangaquba, angaquba, angangaquba
2nd singular	waquba	wangaquba, awaquba, awangaquba
1st plural	saquba	sangaquba, asaquba, asangaquba
2nd plural	naquba	nangaquba, anaquba, anangaquba
Class 1	waquba	wangaquba, akaquba, akangaquba
Class 2	baquba	bangaquba, abaquba, abangaquba
Class 3	waquba	wangaquba, awaquba, awangaquba
Class 4	yaquba	yangaquba, ayaquba, ayangaquba
Class 5	laquba	langaquba, alaquba, alangaquba
Class 6	aquba	angaquba, awaquba, awangaquba
Class 7	saquba	sangaquba, asaquba, asangaquba
Class 8	zaquba	zangaquba, azaquba, azangaquba
Class 9	yaquba	yangaquba, ayaquba, ayangaquba
Class 10	zaquba	zangaquba, azaquba, azangaquba
Class 11	lwaquba	lwangaquba, alwaquba, alwangaquba
Class 14	baquba	bangaquba, abaquba, abangaquba
Class 15	kwaquba	kwangaquba, akwaquba, akwangaquba
Class 17	kwaquba	kwangaquba, akwaquba, akwangaquba

Derived terms

uMaquba

References

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “quɓa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “quɓa (3.9)”