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单词 qinisela
释义

qinisela

Xhosa

Etymology

From -qinisa +‎ -ela.

Verb

-qinisela?

  1. (transitive) to certify

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From -qinisa +‎ -ela.

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ǃiniséːla/

Verb

-qiniséla

  1. (transitive) to persevere, to persist, to hold out

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitiveukuqinisela
PositiveNegative
Infinitiveukuqiniselaukungaqiniseli
Imperative
Simple+ object concord
Singularqinisela-qinisele
Pluralqiniselani-qiniseleni
Present
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiyaqinisela, ngiqiniselaengiqiniselayo, engiqiniselangiqiniselaangiqiniseliengingaqiniselingingaqiniseli
2nd singularuyaqinisela, uqiniselaoqiniselayo, oqiniselauqiniselaawuqiniseliongaqiniseliungaqiniseli
1st pluralsiyaqinisela, siqiniselaesiqiniselayo, esiqiniselasiqiniselaasiqiniseliesingaqiniselisingaqiniseli
2nd pluralniyaqinisela, niqiniselaeniqiniselayo, eniqiniselaniqiniselaaniqiniselieningaqiniseliningaqiniseli
Class 1uyaqinisela, uqiniselaoqiniselayo, oqiniselaeqiniselaakaqiniseliongaqiniseliengaqiniseli
Class 2bayaqinisela, baqiniselaabaqiniselayo, abaqiniselabeqiniselaabaqiniseliabangaqiniselibengaqiniseli
Class 3uyaqinisela, uqiniselaoqiniselayo, oqiniselauqiniselaawuqiniseliongaqiniseliungaqiniseli
Class 4iyaqinisela, iqiniselaeqiniselayo, eqiniselaiqiniselaayiqiniseliengaqiniseliingaqiniseli
Class 5liyaqinisela, liqiniselaeliqiniselayo, eliqiniselaliqiniselaaliqiniselielingaqiniselilingaqiniseli
Class 6ayaqinisela, aqiniselaaqiniselayo, aqiniselaeqiniselaawaqiniseliangaqiniseliengaqiniseli
Class 7siyaqinisela, siqiniselaesiqiniselayo, esiqiniselasiqiniselaasiqiniseliesingaqiniselisingaqiniseli
Class 8ziyaqinisela, ziqiniselaeziqiniselayo, eziqiniselaziqiniselaaziqiniseliezingaqiniselizingaqiniseli
Class 9iyaqinisela, iqiniselaeqiniselayo, eqiniselaiqiniselaayiqiniseliengaqiniseliingaqiniseli
Class 10ziyaqinisela, ziqiniselaeziqiniselayo, eziqiniselaziqiniselaaziqiniseliezingaqiniselizingaqiniseli
Class 11luyaqinisela, luqiniselaoluqiniselayo, oluqiniselaluqiniselaaluqiniseliolungaqiniselilungaqiniseli
Class 14buyaqinisela, buqiniselaobuqiniselayo, obuqiniselabuqiniselaabuqiniseliobungaqiniselibungaqiniseli
Class 15kuyaqinisela, kuqiniselaokuqiniselayo, okuqiniselakuqiniselaakuqiniseliokungaqiniselikungaqiniseli
Class 17kuyaqinisela, kuqiniselaokuqiniselayo, okuqiniselakuqiniselaakuqiniseliokungaqiniselikungaqiniseli
Recent past
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiqiniselile, ngiqiniselēengiqiniselile, engiqiniselēngiqiniselile, ngiqiniselēangiqiniselangaengingaqiniselangangingaqiniselanga
2nd singularuqiniselile, uqiniselēoqiniselile, oqiniselēuqiniselile, uqiniselēawuqiniselangaongaqiniselangaungaqiniselanga
1st pluralsiqiniselile, siqiniselēesiqiniselile, esiqiniselēsiqiniselile, siqiniselēasiqiniselangaesingaqiniselangasingaqiniselanga
2nd pluralniqiniselile, niqiniselēeniqiniselile, eniqiniselēniqiniselile, niqiniselēaniqiniselangaeningaqiniselanganingaqiniselanga
Class 1uqiniselile, uqiniselēoqiniselile, oqiniselēeqiniselile, eqiniselēakaqiniselangaongaqiniselangaengaqiniselanga
Class 2baqiniselile, baqiniselēabaqiniselile, abaqiniselēbeqiniselile, beqiniselēabaqiniselangaabangaqiniselangabengaqiniselanga
Class 3uqiniselile, uqiniselēoqiniselile, oqiniselēuqiniselile, uqiniselēawuqiniselangaongaqiniselangaungaqiniselanga
Class 4iqiniselile, iqiniselēeqiniselile, eqiniselēiqiniselile, iqiniselēayiqiniselangaengaqiniselangaingaqiniselanga
Class 5liqiniselile, liqiniselēeliqiniselile, eliqiniselēliqiniselile, liqiniselēaliqiniselangaelingaqiniselangalingaqiniselanga
Class 6aqiniselile, aqiniselēaqiniselile, aqiniselēeqiniselile, eqiniselēawaqiniselangaangaqiniselangaengaqiniselanga
Class 7siqiniselile, siqiniselēesiqiniselile, esiqiniselēsiqiniselile, siqiniselēasiqiniselangaesingaqiniselangasingaqiniselanga
Class 8ziqiniselile, ziqiniselēeziqiniselile, eziqiniselēziqiniselile, ziqiniselēaziqiniselangaezingaqiniselangazingaqiniselanga
Class 9iqiniselile, iqiniselēeqiniselile, eqiniselēiqiniselile, iqiniselēayiqiniselangaengaqiniselangaingaqiniselanga
Class 10ziqiniselile, ziqiniselēeziqiniselile, eziqiniselēziqiniselile, ziqiniselēaziqiniselangaezingaqiniselangazingaqiniselanga
Class 11luqiniselile, luqiniselēoluqiniselile, oluqiniselēluqiniselile, luqiniselēaluqiniselangaolungaqiniselangalungaqiniselanga
Class 14buqiniselile, buqiniselēobuqiniselile, obuqiniselēbuqiniselile, buqiniselēabuqiniselangaobungaqiniselangabungaqiniselanga
Class 15kuqiniselile, kuqiniselēokuqiniselile, okuqiniselēkuqiniselile, kuqiniselēakuqiniselangaokungaqiniselangakungaqiniselanga
Class 17kuqiniselile, kuqiniselēokuqiniselile, okuqiniselēkuqiniselile, kuqiniselēakuqiniselangaokungaqiniselangakungaqiniselanga
Remote past
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngāqiniselaengāqiniselangāqiniselaangiqiniselangaengingaqiniselangangingaqiniselanga
2nd singularwāqiniselaowāqiniselawāqiniselaawuqiniselangaongaqiniselangaungaqiniselanga
1st pluralsāqiniselaesāqiniselasāqiniselaasiqiniselangaesingaqiniselangasingaqiniselanga
2nd pluralnāqiniselaenāqiniselanāqiniselaaniqiniselangaeningaqiniselanganingaqiniselanga
Class 1wāqiniselaowāqiniselaāqiniselaakaqiniselangaongaqiniselangaengaqiniselanga
Class 2bāqiniselaabāqiniselabāqiniselaabaqiniselangaabangaqiniselangabengaqiniselanga
Class 3wāqiniselaowāqiniselawāqiniselaawuqiniselangaongaqiniselangaungaqiniselanga
Class 4yāqiniselaeyāqiniselayāqiniselaayiqiniselangaengaqiniselangaingaqiniselanga
Class 5lāqiniselaelāqiniselalāqiniselaaliqiniselangaelingaqiniselangalingaqiniselanga
Class 6āqiniselaāqiniselaāqiniselaawaqiniselangaangaqiniselangaengaqiniselanga
Class 7sāqiniselaesāqiniselasāqiniselaasiqiniselangaesingaqiniselangasingaqiniselanga
Class 8zāqiniselaezāqiniselazāqiniselaaziqiniselangaezingaqiniselangazingaqiniselanga
Class 9yāqiniselaeyāqiniselayāqiniselaayiqiniselangaengaqiniselangaingaqiniselanga
Class 10zāqiniselaezāqiniselazāqiniselaaziqiniselangaezingaqiniselangazingaqiniselanga
Class 11lwāqiniselaolwāqiniselalwāqiniselaaluqiniselangaolungaqiniselangalungaqiniselanga
Class 14bāqiniselaobāqiniselabāqiniselaabuqiniselangaobungaqiniselangabungaqiniselanga
Class 15kwāqiniselaokwāqiniselakwāqiniselaakuqiniselangaokungaqiniselangakungaqiniselanga
Class 17kwāqiniselaokwāqiniselakwāqiniselaakuqiniselangaokungaqiniselangakungaqiniselanga
Potential
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngingaqinisela—ngingaqiniselangingeqinisele—ngingeqinisele
2nd singularungaqinisela—ungaqiniselaungeqinisele—ungeqinisele
1st pluralsingaqinisela—singaqiniselasingeqinisele—singeqinisele
2nd pluralningaqinisela—ningaqiniselaningeqinisele—ningeqinisele
Class 1angaqinisela—engaqiniselaangeqinisele—engeqinisele
Class 2bangaqinisela—bengaqiniselabangeqinisele—bengeqinisele
Class 3ungaqinisela—ungaqiniselaungeqinisele—ungeqinisele
Class 4ingaqinisela—ingaqiniselaingeqinisele—ingeqinisele
Class 5lingaqinisela—lingaqiniselalingeqinisele—lingeqinisele
Class 6angaqinisela—engaqiniselaangeqinisele—engeqinisele
Class 7singaqinisela—singaqiniselasingeqinisele—singeqinisele
Class 8zingaqinisela—zingaqiniselazingeqinisele—zingeqinisele
Class 9ingaqinisela—ingaqiniselaingeqinisele—ingeqinisele
Class 10zingaqinisela—zingaqiniselazingeqinisele—zingeqinisele
Class 11lungaqinisela—lungaqiniselalungeqinisele—lungeqinisele
Class 14bungaqinisela—bungaqiniselabungeqinisele—bungeqinisele
Class 15kungaqinisela—kungaqiniselakungeqinisele—kungeqinisele
Class 17kungaqinisela—kungaqiniselakungeqinisele—kungeqinisele
Immediate future
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngizoqiniselaengizoqiniselangizoqiniselaangizuqiniselaengingezuqiniselangingezuqinisela
2nd singularuzoqiniselaozoqiniselauzoqiniselaawuzuqiniselaongezuqiniselaungezuqinisela
1st pluralsizoqiniselaesizoqiniselasizoqiniselaasizuqiniselaesingezuqiniselasingezuqinisela
2nd pluralnizoqiniselaenizoqiniselanizoqiniselaanizuqiniselaeningezuqiniselaningezuqinisela
Class 1uzoqiniselaozoqiniselaezoqiniselaakazuqiniselaongezuqiniselaengezuqinisela
Class 2bazoqiniselaabazoqiniselabezoqiniselaabazuqiniselaabangezuqiniselabengezuqinisela
Class 3uzoqiniselaozoqiniselauzoqiniselaawuzuqiniselaongezuqiniselaungezuqinisela
Class 4izoqiniselaezoqiniselaizoqiniselaayizuqiniselaengezuqiniselaingezuqinisela
Class 5lizoqiniselaelizoqiniselalizoqiniselaalizuqiniselaelingezuqiniselalingezuqinisela
Class 6azoqiniselaazoqiniselaezoqiniselaawazuqiniselaangezuqiniselaengezuqinisela
Class 7sizoqiniselaesizoqiniselasizoqiniselaasizuqiniselaesingezuqiniselasingezuqinisela
Class 8zizoqiniselaezizoqiniselazizoqiniselaazizuqiniselaezingezuqiniselazingezuqinisela
Class 9izoqiniselaezoqiniselaizoqiniselaayizuqiniselaengezuqiniselaingezuqinisela
Class 10zizoqiniselaezizoqiniselazizoqiniselaazizuqiniselaezingezuqiniselazingezuqinisela
Class 11luzoqiniselaoluzoqiniselaluzoqiniselaaluzuqiniselaolungezuqiniselalungezuqinisela
Class 14buzoqiniselaobuzoqiniselabuzoqiniselaabuzuqiniselaobungezuqiniselabungezuqinisela
Class 15kuzoqiniselaokuzoqiniselakuzoqiniselaakuzuqiniselaokungezuqiniselakungezuqinisela
Class 17kuzoqiniselaokuzoqiniselakuzoqiniselaakuzuqiniselaokungezuqiniselakungezuqinisela
Remote future
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiyoqiniselaengiyoqiniselangiyoqiniselaangiyuqiniselaengingeyuqiniselangingeyuqinisela
2nd singularuyoqiniselaoyoqiniselauyoqiniselaawuyuqiniselaongeyuqiniselaungeyuqinisela
1st pluralsiyoqiniselaesiyoqiniselasiyoqiniselaasiyuqiniselaesingeyuqiniselasingeyuqinisela
2nd pluralniyoqiniselaeniyoqiniselaniyoqiniselaaniyuqiniselaeningeyuqiniselaningeyuqinisela
Class 1uyoqiniselaoyoqiniselaeyoqiniselaakayuqiniselaongeyuqiniselaengeyuqinisela
Class 2bayoqiniselaabayoqiniselabeyoqiniselaabayuqiniselaabangeyuqiniselabengeyuqinisela
Class 3uyoqiniselaoyoqiniselauyoqiniselaawuyuqiniselaongeyuqiniselaungeyuqinisela
Class 4iyoqiniselaeyoqiniselaiyoqiniselaayiyuqiniselaengeyuqiniselaingeyuqinisela
Class 5liyoqiniselaeliyoqiniselaliyoqiniselaaliyuqiniselaelingeyuqiniselalingeyuqinisela
Class 6ayoqiniselaayoqiniselaeyoqiniselaawayuqiniselaangeyuqiniselaengeyuqinisela
Class 7siyoqiniselaesiyoqiniselasiyoqiniselaasiyuqiniselaesingeyuqiniselasingeyuqinisela
Class 8ziyoqiniselaeziyoqiniselaziyoqiniselaaziyuqiniselaezingeyuqiniselazingeyuqinisela
Class 9iyoqiniselaeyoqiniselaiyoqiniselaayiyuqiniselaengeyuqiniselaingeyuqinisela
Class 10ziyoqiniselaeziyoqiniselaziyoqiniselaaziyuqiniselaezingeyuqiniselazingeyuqinisela
Class 11luyoqiniselaoluyoqiniselaluyoqiniselaaluyuqiniselaolungeyuqiniselalungeyuqinisela
Class 14buyoqiniselaobuyoqiniselabuyoqiniselaabuyuqiniselaobungeyuqiniselabungeyuqinisela
Class 15kuyoqiniselaokuyoqiniselakuyoqiniselaakuyuqiniselaokungeyuqiniselakungeyuqinisela
Class 17kuyoqiniselaokuyoqiniselakuyoqiniselaakuyuqiniselaokungeyuqiniselakungeyuqinisela
Present subjunctive
PositiveNegative
1st singularngiqiniselengingaqiniseli
2nd singularuqiniseleungaqiniseli
1st pluralsiqiniselesingaqiniseli
2nd pluralniqiniseleningaqiniseli
Class 1aqiniseleangaqiniseli
Class 2baqiniselebangaqiniseli
Class 3uqiniseleungaqiniseli
Class 4iqiniseleingaqiniseli
Class 5liqiniselelingaqiniseli
Class 6aqiniseleangaqiniseli
Class 7siqiniselesingaqiniseli
Class 8ziqiniselezingaqiniseli
Class 9iqiniseleingaqiniseli
Class 10ziqiniselezingaqiniseli
Class 11luqiniselelungaqiniseli
Class 14buqiniselebungaqiniseli
Class 15kuqiniselekungaqiniseli
Class 17kuqiniselekungaqiniseli
Past subjunctive
PositiveNegative
1st singularngaqiniselangangaqinisela, angaqinisela, angangaqinisela
2nd singularwaqiniselawangaqinisela, awaqinisela, awangaqinisela
1st pluralsaqiniselasangaqinisela, asaqinisela, asangaqinisela
2nd pluralnaqiniselanangaqinisela, anaqinisela, anangaqinisela
Class 1waqiniselawangaqinisela, akaqinisela, akangaqinisela
Class 2baqiniselabangaqinisela, abaqinisela, abangaqinisela
Class 3waqiniselawangaqinisela, awaqinisela, awangaqinisela
Class 4yaqiniselayangaqinisela, ayaqinisela, ayangaqinisela
Class 5laqiniselalangaqinisela, alaqinisela, alangaqinisela
Class 6aqiniselaangaqinisela, awaqinisela, awangaqinisela
Class 7saqiniselasangaqinisela, asaqinisela, asangaqinisela
Class 8zaqiniselazangaqinisela, azaqinisela, azangaqinisela
Class 9yaqiniselayangaqinisela, ayaqinisela, ayangaqinisela
Class 10zaqiniselazangaqinisela, azaqinisela, azangaqinisela
Class 11lwaqiniselalwangaqinisela, alwaqinisela, alwangaqinisela
Class 14baqiniselabangaqinisela, abaqinisela, abangaqinisela
Class 15kwaqiniselakwangaqinisela, akwaqinisela, akwangaqinisela
Class 17kwaqiniselakwangaqinisela, akwaqinisela, akwangaqinisela

References

  • C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “qinisela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “qinisela (3.3.2.9)”
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