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单词 qina
释义

qina

Phuthi

Verb

-qína

  1. to be strong, to be tight

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Verb

-qina?

  1. to firm

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-qîna

  1. (intransitive) to be thick
  2. (intransitive) to be firm, to be hard, to be solid, to be strong
  3. (intransitive) to be headstrong, to be obdurate, to be obstinate, to be pigheaded, to be stubborn

Inflection

Tone HH
Infinitiveukuqina
PositiveNegative
Infinitiveukuqinaukungaqini
Imperative
Simple+ object concord
Singularqina-qine
Pluralqinani-qineni
Present
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiyaqina, ngiqinaengiqinayo, engiqinangiqinaangiqiniengingaqiningingaqini
2nd singularuyaqina, uqinaoqinayo, oqinauqinaawuqiniongaqiniungaqini
1st pluralsiyaqina, siqinaesiqinayo, esiqinasiqinaasiqiniesingaqinisingaqini
2nd pluralniyaqina, niqinaeniqinayo, eniqinaniqinaaniqinieningaqininingaqini
Class 1uyaqina, uqinaoqinayo, oqinaeqinaakaqiniongaqiniengaqini
Class 2bayaqina, baqinaabaqinayo, abaqinabeqinaabaqiniabangaqinibengaqini
Class 3uyaqina, uqinaoqinayo, oqinauqinaawuqiniongaqiniungaqini
Class 4iyaqina, iqinaeqinayo, eqinaiqinaayiqiniengaqiniingaqini
Class 5liyaqina, liqinaeliqinayo, eliqinaliqinaaliqinielingaqinilingaqini
Class 6ayaqina, aqinaaqinayo, aqinaeqinaawaqiniangaqiniengaqini
Class 7siyaqina, siqinaesiqinayo, esiqinasiqinaasiqiniesingaqinisingaqini
Class 8ziyaqina, ziqinaeziqinayo, eziqinaziqinaaziqiniezingaqinizingaqini
Class 9iyaqina, iqinaeqinayo, eqinaiqinaayiqiniengaqiniingaqini
Class 10ziyaqina, ziqinaeziqinayo, eziqinaziqinaaziqiniezingaqinizingaqini
Class 11luyaqina, luqinaoluqinayo, oluqinaluqinaaluqiniolungaqinilungaqini
Class 14buyaqina, buqinaobuqinayo, obuqinabuqinaabuqiniobungaqinibungaqini
Class 15kuyaqina, kuqinaokuqinayo, okuqinakuqinaakuqiniokungaqinikungaqini
Class 17kuyaqina, kuqinaokuqinayo, okuqinakuqinaakuqiniokungaqinikungaqini
Recent past
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiqinile, ngiqinēengiqinile, engiqinēngiqinile, ngiqinēangiqinangaengingaqinangangingaqinanga
2nd singularuqinile, uqinēoqinile, oqinēuqinile, uqinēawuqinangaongaqinangaungaqinanga
1st pluralsiqinile, siqinēesiqinile, esiqinēsiqinile, siqinēasiqinangaesingaqinangasingaqinanga
2nd pluralniqinile, niqinēeniqinile, eniqinēniqinile, niqinēaniqinangaeningaqinanganingaqinanga
Class 1uqinile, uqinēoqinile, oqinēeqinile, eqinēakaqinangaongaqinangaengaqinanga
Class 2baqinile, baqinēabaqinile, abaqinēbeqinile, beqinēabaqinangaabangaqinangabengaqinanga
Class 3uqinile, uqinēoqinile, oqinēuqinile, uqinēawuqinangaongaqinangaungaqinanga
Class 4iqinile, iqinēeqinile, eqinēiqinile, iqinēayiqinangaengaqinangaingaqinanga
Class 5liqinile, liqinēeliqinile, eliqinēliqinile, liqinēaliqinangaelingaqinangalingaqinanga
Class 6aqinile, aqinēaqinile, aqinēeqinile, eqinēawaqinangaangaqinangaengaqinanga
Class 7siqinile, siqinēesiqinile, esiqinēsiqinile, siqinēasiqinangaesingaqinangasingaqinanga
Class 8ziqinile, ziqinēeziqinile, eziqinēziqinile, ziqinēaziqinangaezingaqinangazingaqinanga
Class 9iqinile, iqinēeqinile, eqinēiqinile, iqinēayiqinangaengaqinangaingaqinanga
Class 10ziqinile, ziqinēeziqinile, eziqinēziqinile, ziqinēaziqinangaezingaqinangazingaqinanga
Class 11luqinile, luqinēoluqinile, oluqinēluqinile, luqinēaluqinangaolungaqinangalungaqinanga
Class 14buqinile, buqinēobuqinile, obuqinēbuqinile, buqinēabuqinangaobungaqinangabungaqinanga
Class 15kuqinile, kuqinēokuqinile, okuqinēkuqinile, kuqinēakuqinangaokungaqinangakungaqinanga
Class 17kuqinile, kuqinēokuqinile, okuqinēkuqinile, kuqinēakuqinangaokungaqinangakungaqinanga
Remote past
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngāqinaengāqinangāqinaangiqinangaengingaqinangangingaqinanga
2nd singularwāqinaowāqinawāqinaawuqinangaongaqinangaungaqinanga
1st pluralsāqinaesāqinasāqinaasiqinangaesingaqinangasingaqinanga
2nd pluralnāqinaenāqinanāqinaaniqinangaeningaqinanganingaqinanga
Class 1wāqinaowāqinaāqinaakaqinangaongaqinangaengaqinanga
Class 2bāqinaabāqinabāqinaabaqinangaabangaqinangabengaqinanga
Class 3wāqinaowāqinawāqinaawuqinangaongaqinangaungaqinanga
Class 4yāqinaeyāqinayāqinaayiqinangaengaqinangaingaqinanga
Class 5lāqinaelāqinalāqinaaliqinangaelingaqinangalingaqinanga
Class 6āqinaāqinaāqinaawaqinangaangaqinangaengaqinanga
Class 7sāqinaesāqinasāqinaasiqinangaesingaqinangasingaqinanga
Class 8zāqinaezāqinazāqinaaziqinangaezingaqinangazingaqinanga
Class 9yāqinaeyāqinayāqinaayiqinangaengaqinangaingaqinanga
Class 10zāqinaezāqinazāqinaaziqinangaezingaqinangazingaqinanga
Class 11lwāqinaolwāqinalwāqinaaluqinangaolungaqinangalungaqinanga
Class 14bāqinaobāqinabāqinaabuqinangaobungaqinangabungaqinanga
Class 15kwāqinaokwāqinakwāqinaakuqinangaokungaqinangakungaqinanga
Class 17kwāqinaokwāqinakwāqinaakuqinangaokungaqinangakungaqinanga
Potential
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngingaqina—ngingaqinangingeqine—ngingeqine
2nd singularungaqina—ungaqinaungeqine—ungeqine
1st pluralsingaqina—singaqinasingeqine—singeqine
2nd pluralningaqina—ningaqinaningeqine—ningeqine
Class 1angaqina—engaqinaangeqine—engeqine
Class 2bangaqina—bengaqinabangeqine—bengeqine
Class 3ungaqina—ungaqinaungeqine—ungeqine
Class 4ingaqina—ingaqinaingeqine—ingeqine
Class 5lingaqina—lingaqinalingeqine—lingeqine
Class 6angaqina—engaqinaangeqine—engeqine
Class 7singaqina—singaqinasingeqine—singeqine
Class 8zingaqina—zingaqinazingeqine—zingeqine
Class 9ingaqina—ingaqinaingeqine—ingeqine
Class 10zingaqina—zingaqinazingeqine—zingeqine
Class 11lungaqina—lungaqinalungeqine—lungeqine
Class 14bungaqina—bungaqinabungeqine—bungeqine
Class 15kungaqina—kungaqinakungeqine—kungeqine
Class 17kungaqina—kungaqinakungeqine—kungeqine
Immediate future
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngizoqinaengizoqinangizoqinaangizuqina—ngingezuqina
2nd singularuzoqinaozoqinauzoqinaawuzuqina—ungezuqina
1st pluralsizoqinaesizoqinasizoqinaasizuqina—singezuqina
2nd pluralnizoqinaenizoqinanizoqinaanizuqina—ningezuqina
Class 1uzoqinaozoqinaezoqinaakazuqina—engezuqina
Class 2bazoqinaabazoqinabezoqinaabazuqina—bengezuqina
Class 3uzoqinaozoqinauzoqinaawuzuqina—ungezuqina
Class 4izoqinaezoqinaizoqinaayizuqina—ingezuqina
Class 5lizoqinaelizoqinalizoqinaalizuqina—lingezuqina
Class 6azoqinaazoqinaezoqinaawazuqina—engezuqina
Class 7sizoqinaesizoqinasizoqinaasizuqina—singezuqina
Class 8zizoqinaezizoqinazizoqinaazizuqina—zingezuqina
Class 9izoqinaezoqinaizoqinaayizuqina—ingezuqina
Class 10zizoqinaezizoqinazizoqinaazizuqina—zingezuqina
Class 11luzoqinaoluzoqinaluzoqinaaluzuqina—lungezuqina
Class 14buzoqinaobuzoqinabuzoqinaabuzuqina—bungezuqina
Class 15kuzoqinaokuzoqinakuzoqinaakuzuqina—kungezuqina
Class 17kuzoqinaokuzoqinakuzoqinaakuzuqina—kungezuqina
Remote future
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiyoqinaengiyoqinangiyoqinaangiyuqina—ngingeyuqina
2nd singularuyoqinaoyoqinauyoqinaawuyuqina—ungeyuqina
1st pluralsiyoqinaesiyoqinasiyoqinaasiyuqina—singeyuqina
2nd pluralniyoqinaeniyoqinaniyoqinaaniyuqina—ningeyuqina
Class 1uyoqinaoyoqinaeyoqinaakayuqina—engeyuqina
Class 2bayoqinaabayoqinabeyoqinaabayuqina—bengeyuqina
Class 3uyoqinaoyoqinauyoqinaawuyuqina—ungeyuqina
Class 4iyoqinaeyoqinaiyoqinaayiyuqina—ingeyuqina
Class 5liyoqinaeliyoqinaliyoqinaaliyuqina—lingeyuqina
Class 6ayoqinaayoqinaeyoqinaawayuqina—engeyuqina
Class 7siyoqinaesiyoqinasiyoqinaasiyuqina—singeyuqina
Class 8ziyoqinaeziyoqinaziyoqinaaziyuqina—zingeyuqina
Class 9iyoqinaeyoqinaiyoqinaayiyuqina—ingeyuqina
Class 10ziyoqinaeziyoqinaziyoqinaaziyuqina—zingeyuqina
Class 11luyoqinaoluyoqinaluyoqinaaluyuqina—lungeyuqina
Class 14buyoqinaobuyoqinabuyoqinaabuyuqina—bungeyuqina
Class 15kuyoqinaokuyoqinakuyoqinaakuyuqina—kungeyuqina
Class 17kuyoqinaokuyoqinakuyoqinaakuyuqina—kungeyuqina
Present subjunctive
PositiveNegative
1st singularngiqinengingaqini
2nd singularuqineungaqini
1st pluralsiqinesingaqini
2nd pluralniqineningaqini
Class 1aqineangaqini
Class 2baqinebangaqini
Class 3uqineungaqini
Class 4iqineingaqini
Class 5liqinelingaqini
Class 6aqineangaqini
Class 7siqinesingaqini
Class 8ziqinezingaqini
Class 9iqineingaqini
Class 10ziqinezingaqini
Class 11luqinelungaqini
Class 14buqinebungaqini
Class 15kuqinekungaqini
Class 17kuqinekungaqini
Past subjunctive
PositiveNegative
1st singularngaqinangangaqina, angaqina, angangaqina
2nd singularwaqinawangaqina, awaqina, awangaqina
1st pluralsaqinasangaqina, asaqina, asangaqina
2nd pluralnaqinanangaqina, anaqina, anangaqina
Class 1waqinawangaqina, akaqina, akangaqina
Class 2baqinabangaqina, abaqina, abangaqina
Class 3waqinawangaqina, awaqina, awangaqina
Class 4yaqinayangaqina, ayaqina, ayangaqina
Class 5laqinalangaqina, alaqina, alangaqina
Class 6aqinaangaqina, awaqina, awangaqina
Class 7saqinasangaqina, asaqina, asangaqina
Class 8zaqinazangaqina, azaqina, azangaqina
Class 9yaqinayangaqina, ayaqina, ayangaqina
Class 10zaqinazangaqina, azaqina, azangaqina
Class 11lwaqinalwangaqina, alwaqina, alwangaqina
Class 14baqinabangaqina, abaqina, abangaqina
Class 15kwaqinakwangaqina, akwaqina, akwangaqina
Class 17kwaqinakwangaqina, akwaqina, akwangaqina

References

  • C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “qina”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “qina (3.9)”
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