pétrir
French
Etymology
From Late Latin or Vulgar Latin *pistrīre, *pistriō, a derivative of Latin pistor (“baker”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pe.tʁiʁ/
audio (file)
Verb
pétrir
- to knead
- to mould into shape
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of pétrir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | pétrir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | pétrissant /pe.tʁi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | pétri /pe.tʁi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | pétris /pe.tʁi/ | pétris /pe.tʁi/ | pétrit /pe.tʁi/ | pétrissons /pe.tʁi.sɔ̃/ | pétrissez /pe.tʁi.se/ | pétrissent /pe.tʁis/ |
imperfect | pétrissais /pe.tʁi.sɛ/ | pétrissais /pe.tʁi.sɛ/ | pétrissait /pe.tʁi.sɛ/ | pétrissions /pe.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ | pétrissiez /pe.tʁi.sje/ | pétrissaient /pe.tʁi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | pétris /pe.tʁi/ | pétris /pe.tʁi/ | pétrit /pe.tʁi/ | pétrîmes /pe.tʁim/ | pétrîtes /pe.tʁit/ | pétrirent /pe.tʁiʁ/ | |
future | pétrirai /pe.tʁi.ʁe/ | pétriras /pe.tʁi.ʁa/ | pétrira /pe.tʁi.ʁa/ | pétrirons /pe.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ | pétrirez /pe.tʁi.ʁe/ | pétriront /pe.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | pétrirais /pe.tʁi.ʁɛ/ | pétrirais /pe.tʁi.ʁɛ/ | pétrirait /pe.tʁi.ʁɛ/ | pétririons /pe.tʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ | pétririez /pe.tʁi.ʁje/ | pétriraient /pe.tʁi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | pétrisse /pe.tʁis/ | pétrisses /pe.tʁis/ | pétrisse /pe.tʁis/ | pétrissions /pe.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ | pétrissiez /pe.tʁi.sje/ | pétrissent /pe.tʁis/ |
imperfect2 | pétrisse /pe.tʁis/ | pétrisses /pe.tʁis/ | pétrît /pe.tʁi/ | pétrissions /pe.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ | pétrissiez /pe.tʁi.sje/ | pétrissent /pe.tʁis/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | pétris /pe.tʁi/ | — | pétrissons /pe.tʁi.sɔ̃/ | pétrissez /pe.tʁi.se/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
- pétri
- pétrissable
- pétrissure
Related terms
- pétrin
Further reading
- “pétrir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- reprit, reprît