puristaa
Finnish
Etymology
purista + -taa, with the sense probably influenced by the similar-sounding pusertaa. Cognates include Karelian puristoa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpuristɑːˣ/, [ˈpuris̠t̪ɑː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -uristɑː
- Syllabification(key): pu‧ris‧taa
Verb
puristaa
- to press; to clasp, grasp, grip, squeeze, shake, clench, flatten, squash (to apply pressure)
- puristaa kädessä ― to grasp, clasp, squeeze
- puristaa käsiä ― to squeeze/shake hands
- puristaa hampaat yhteen ― to clench one's teeth
- to compress (to press together into a smaller space)
- to flatten (to make flat by applying pressure)
- to rub, pinch (of shoes, to be too tight)
- to constrict (of a collar, to be too tight)
- to wring (to obtain by force)
Conjugation
| Inflection of puristaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | puristan | en purista | 1st sing. | olen puristanut | en ole puristanut | |
| 2nd sing. | puristat | et purista | 2nd sing. | olet puristanut | et ole puristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | puristaa | ei purista | 3rd sing. | on puristanut | ei ole puristanut | |
| 1st plur. | puristamme | emme purista | 1st plur. | olemme puristaneet | emme ole puristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | puristatte | ette purista | 2nd plur. | olette puristaneet | ette ole puristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | puristavat | eivät purista | 3rd plur. | ovat puristaneet | eivät ole puristaneet | |
| passive | puristetaan | ei puristeta | passive | on puristettu | ei ole puristettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | puristin | en puristanut | 1st sing. | olin puristanut | en ollut puristanut | |
| 2nd sing. | puristit | et puristanut | 2nd sing. | olit puristanut | et ollut puristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | puristi | ei puristanut | 3rd sing. | oli puristanut | ei ollut puristanut | |
| 1st plur. | puristimme | emme puristaneet | 1st plur. | olimme puristaneet | emme olleet puristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | puristitte | ette puristaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte puristaneet | ette olleet puristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | puristivat | eivät puristaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat puristaneet | eivät olleet puristaneet | |
| passive | puristettiin | ei puristettu | passive | oli puristettu | ei ollut puristettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | puristaisin | en puristaisi | 1st sing. | olisin puristanut | en olisi puristanut | |
| 2nd sing. | puristaisit | et puristaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit puristanut | et olisi puristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | puristaisi | ei puristaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi puristanut | ei olisi puristanut | |
| 1st plur. | puristaisimme | emme puristaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme puristaneet | emme olisi puristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | puristaisitte | ette puristaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte puristaneet | ette olisi puristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | puristaisivat | eivät puristaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat puristaneet | eivät olisi puristaneet | |
| passive | puristettaisiin | ei puristettaisi | passive | olisi puristettu | ei olisi puristettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | purista | älä purista | 2nd sing. | ole puristanut | älä ole puristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | puristakoon | älköön puristako | 3rd sing. | olkoon puristanut | älköön olko puristanut | |
| 1st plur. | puristakaamme | älkäämme puristako | 1st plur. | olkaamme puristaneet | älkäämme olko puristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | puristakaa | älkää puristako | 2nd plur. | olkaa puristaneet | älkää olko puristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | puristakoot | älkööt puristako | 3rd plur. | olkoot puristaneet | älkööt olko puristaneet | |
| passive | puristettakoon | älköön puristettako | passive | olkoon puristettu | älköön olko puristettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | puristanen | en puristane | 1st sing. | lienen puristanut | en liene puristanut | |
| 2nd sing. | puristanet | et puristane | 2nd sing. | lienet puristanut | et liene puristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | puristanee | ei puristane | 3rd sing. | lienee puristanut | ei liene puristanut | |
| 1st plur. | puristanemme | emme puristane | 1st plur. | lienemme puristaneet | emme liene puristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | puristanette | ette puristane | 2nd plur. | lienette puristaneet | ette liene puristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | puristanevat | eivät puristane | 3rd plur. | lienevät puristaneet | eivät liene puristaneet | |
| passive | puristettaneen | ei puristettane | passive | lienee puristettu | ei liene puristettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | puristaa | present | puristava | puristettava | ||
| long 1st2 | puristaakseen | past | puristanut | puristettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | puristaessa | puristettaessa | agent1, 3 | puristama | |
| instructive | puristaen | — | negative | puristamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | puristamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | puristamasta | — | ||||
| illative | puristamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | puristamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | puristamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | puristaman | puristettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | puristaminen | ||||
| partitive | puristamista | |||||
| 5th2 | puristamaisillaan | |||||
Derived terms
- nouns: puriste, puristin, puristus
- verbs: puristella, puristua
Anagrams
- paarusti, puraista, rapistua, ripustaa
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *puristadak. Cognates include Finnish puristaa and Estonian puristada.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpuristɑː/, [ˈpuris̠tɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpuristɑː/, [ˈpuriʃtɑː]
- Rhymes: -uristɑː
- Hyphenation: pu‧ris‧taa
Verb
puristaa
- (transitive) to squeeze
Conjugation
| Conjugation of puristaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, st-ss gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | purissan | en purissa | 1st singular | oon puristant, oon puristanut | en oo puristant, en oo puristanut |
| 2nd singular | purissat | et purissa | 2nd singular | oot puristant, oot puristanut | et oo puristant, et oo puristanut |
| 3rd singular | puristaa | ei purissa | 3rd singular | ono puristant, ono puristanut | ei oo puristant, ei oo puristanut |
| 1st plural | purissamma | emmä purissa | 1st plural | oomma puristanneet | emmä oo puristanneet |
| 2nd plural | purissatta | että purissa | 2nd plural | ootta puristanneet | että oo puristanneet |
| 3rd plural | puristaat1), puristavat2), purissetaa | evät purissa | 3rd plural | ovat puristanneet | evät oo puristanneet |
| impersonal | purissetaa | ei purisseta | impersonal | ono purissettu | ei oo purissettu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | purissin | en puristant, en puristanut | 1st singular | olin puristant, olin puristanut | en olt puristant, en olt puristanut |
| 2nd singular | purissit | et puristant, et puristanut | 2nd singular | olit puristant, olit puristanut | et olt puristant, et olt puristanut |
| 3rd singular | puristi | ei puristant, ei puristanut | 3rd singular | oli puristant, oli puristanut | ei olt puristant, ei olt puristanut |
| 1st plural | purissimma | emmä puristanneet | 1st plural | olimma puristanneet | emmä olleet puristanneet |
| 2nd plural | purissitta | että puristanneet | 2nd plural | olitta puristanneet | että olleet puristanneet |
| 3rd plural | puristiit1), puristivat2), purissettii | evät puristanneet | 3rd plural | olivat puristanneet | evät olleet puristanneet |
| impersonal | purissettii | ei purissettu | impersonal | oli purissettu | ei olt purissettu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | puristaisin | en puristais | 1st singular | olisin puristant, olisin puristanut | en olis puristant, en olis puristanut |
| 2nd singular | puristaisit, puristaist1) | et puristais | 2nd singular | olisit puristant, olisit puristanut | et olis puristant, et olis puristanut |
| 3rd singular | puristais | ei puristais | 3rd singular | olis puristant, olis puristanut | ei olis puristant, ei olis puristanut |
| 1st plural | puristaisimma | emmä puristais | 1st plural | olisimma puristanneet | emmä olis puristanneet |
| 2nd plural | puristaisitta | että puristais | 2nd plural | olisitta puristanneet | että olis puristanneet |
| 3rd plural | puristaisiit1), puristaisivat2), purissettais | evät puristais | 3rd plural | olisivat puristanneet | evät olis puristanneet |
| impersonal | purissettais | ei purissettais | impersonal | olis purissettu | ei olis purissettu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | purissa | elä purissa | 2nd singular | oo puristant, oo puristanut | elä oo puristant, elä oo puristanut |
| 3rd singular | puristakkoo | elköö puristako | 3rd singular | olkoo puristant, olkoo puristanut | elköö olko puristant, elköö olko puristanut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | puristakkaa | elkää puristako | 2nd plural | olkaa puristanneet | elkää olko puristanneet |
| 3rd plural | puristakkoot | elkööt puristako | 3rd plural | olkoot puristanneet | elkööt olko puristanneet |
| impersonal | purissettakoo | elköö purissettako | impersonal | olkoo purissettu | elköö olko purissettu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | puristanen | en puristane | |||
| 2nd singular | puristanet | et puristane | |||
| 3rd singular | puristannoo | ei puristane | |||
| 1st plural | puristanemma | emmä puristane | |||
| 2nd plural | puristanetta | että puristane | |||
| 3rd plural | puristannoot | evät puristane | |||
| impersonal | purissettanoo | ei purissettane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | puristaa | present | puristava | purissettava | |
| 2nd | inessive | puristaes | past | puristant, puristanut | purissettu |
| instructive | puristaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (puristakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative, or -kse to the potential. ***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | puristammaa | |||
| inessive | puristamas | ||||
| elative | puristamast | ||||
| abessive | puristamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | puristammiin | |||
| partitive | puristamista, puristamist | ||||
Synonyms
- ahistaa
Derived terms
- nennää puristaa
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 442