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单词 pump
释义

pump

English

A hand-operated water pump.

Pronunciation

  • enPR: pŭmp, IPA(key): /pʌmp/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ʌmp

Etymology 1

From Middle English pumpe, possibly from Middle Dutch pompe (“pipe, water conduit”) or Middle Low German pumpe (“pump”). Compare Dutch pompen, German pumpen, and Danish pompe.

Noun

pump (plural pumps)

  1. A device for moving or compressing a liquid or gas.
    This pump can deliver 100 gallons of water per minute.
  2. An instance of the action of a pump; one stroke of a pump; any action similar to pumping
    It takes thirty pumps to get 10 litres; he did 50 pumps of the weights.
  3. A device for dispensing liquid or gas to be sold, particularly fuel.
    This pump is out of order, but you can gas up at the next one.
  4. (bodybuilding, climbing) A swelling of the muscles caused by increased blood flow following high intensity weightlifting.
    • 2010, Eric Velazquez, "Power Pairings", Reps! 17:83
      Want a skin-stretching pump? Up the volume by using high-rep sets.
      A great pump is better than coming. (Arnold Schwarzenegger)
  5. (colloquial) A ride on a bicycle given to a passenger, usually on the handlebars or fender.
    She gave the other girl a pump on her new bike.
  6. (US, slang) The heart.
  7. (obsolete, vulgar, British slang) The vagina.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:vagina
    • 1750, “Ge ho, Dobbin or the Waggoner”, in The Tulip, page 2:
      Thus to and again to our paſtime we went, / And my Cards I play'd fairly to Jenny's content; / I work'd at her Pump till my Sucker grew dry, / Then I left pumping, a good Reaſon why.
Translations

Verb

pump (third-person singular simple present pumps, present participle pumping, simple past and past participle pumped)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) To use a pump to move (liquid or gas).
    I've been pumping for over a minute but the water isn't coming through.
    I've pumped over 1000 gallons of water in the last ten minutes.
  2. (transitive, often followed by up) To fill with air.
    He pumped up the air-bed by hand, but used the service station air to pump up the tyres.
  3. (transitive) To move rhythmically, as the motion of a pump.
    I pumped my fist with joy when I won the race.
  4. (transitive) To shake (a person's hand) vigorously.
    Synonym: handshake
  5. (transitive) To gain information from (a person) by persistent questioning.
    Synonyms: grill, interrogate
    • 1682, Thomas Otway, Venice Preserv'd
      But pump not me for politics.
    • 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], OCLC 1042815524, part I, page 214:
      I had no idea why he wanted to be sociable, but as we chatted in there it suddenly occurred to me the fellow was trying to get at something - in fact, pumping me.
    • 2017, Jeph Jacques, Questionable Content (webcomic), Number 3509: Sensitive Information:
      "Did Dora just offer up that advice, or were you pumping her for information?" "Shoot, I outed my informant. I'm a terrible spy."
  6. (intransitive, slang) To be going very well.
    The waves were really pumping this morning.
    Last night's party was really pumping.
  7. (sports) To kick, throw, or hit the ball far and high.
    • 2011 February 5, Michael Da Silva, “Wigan 4 - 3 Blackburn”, in BBC‎:
      Blackburn pumped long balls towards Diouf as they became increasingly desperate to salvage a point, but Wigan held on for a win that may prove crucial in their quest for Premier League survival.
  8. (Britain, slang, vulgar, childish) To pass gas; to fart quietly.
    Synonyms: trump; see also Thesaurus:flatulate
    • 2008, Kelman, James, Kieron Smith, Boy, Penguin, published 2009, page 82:
      People never pumped, just never never, but sometimes ye got smells.
  9. (computing) To pass (messages) into a program so that it can obey them.
    • 2006, Andrew Troelsen, Pro C# 2005 and the .NET 2.0 Platform
      Sure enough, rather than pumping a message to the Console window, you will now see a message box displaying your message
    • 2008, Joe Duffy, Concurrent Programming on Windows
      The CLR pumps messages automatically during a wait, reducing the likelihood of this but it can show up in native code.
    • c. 2012, Microsoft, .NET Framework 4.5 documentation for Marshal.CleanupUnusedObjectsInCurrentContext
      The interop system pumps messages while it attempts to clean up RCWs.
  10. (British slang) To copulate.
    Synonyms: bang; see also Thesaurus:copulate, Thesaurus:copulate with
    • 1750, “Ge ho, Dobbin or the Waggoner”, in The Tulip, page 2:
      Thus to and again to our paſtime we went, / And my Cards I play'd fairly to Jenny's content; / I work'd at her Pump till my Sucker grew dry, / Then I left pumping, a good Reaſon why.
  11. (bodybuilding) To weightlift.
    Synonyms: big up, lift, pump iron
  12. (colloquial) To inject silicone into the body in order to try to achieve a fuller or curvier look.
Descendants
  • ⇒ Czech: pumpovat
Descendants
  • Thai: ปั๊ม (bpám)
Translations

Etymology 2

The etymology of the term is unclear and disputed. One possibility is that it comes from pomp (“ornamentation”).[1] Another is that it refers to the sound made by the foot moving inside the shoe when dancing.[2] The Oxford English Dictionary claims that it appeared in the 16th century, and lists its origin as "obscure". It has also been linked to the Dutch pampoesje, possibly borrowed from Javanese pampus, ultimately from Persian پاپوش‎ (pâpuš), borrowed from Arabic بَابُوش‎ (bābūš).[3]

Noun

pump (plural pumps)

  1. (Britain) A low-top shoe with a rubber sole and a canvas upper; a low-top canvas sneaker.
    Synonyms: gym shoe, (UK) dap, (UK) plimsoll, (US) sneaker
    • 1591, William Shakespeare, The Taming of the Shrew:
      Gabriel's pumps were all unpinkt i' th' heel
  2. (chiefly Canada, US) A type of women's shoe which leaves the instep uncovered and has a relatively high heel, especially a stiletto (with a very high and thin heel)
    Synonym: court shoe
    She was wearing a lovely new pair of pumps.
  3. A dancing shoe.
  4. A type of shoe without a heel.[4]
Derived terms
Terms derived from the noun or verb pump
  • air pump
  • backpump
  • bicycle pump
  • breast pump
  • cock pump
  • donkey pump
  • forepump
  • gas pump
  • hand pump, handpump
  • penis pump
  • petrol pump
  • price at the pump
  • pumped
  • pump fake
  • pumphouse, pump house
  • pump iron
  • pump room
  • pump someone's tires
  • pump up
  • pussy pump
  • Sprengel pump
  • stirrup pump
  • suction pump
  • sump pump
  • under the pump
  • vacuum pump
Translations
trainer or sneaker — see trainer,‎ sneaker

References

  1. Walter William Skeat (1882) A Concise Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, published 2005, →ISBN
  2. James Donald (1867) Chambers' etymological dictionary, W. and R. Chambers
  3. Intern. Gesellschaft für Ethnographie; Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië, volume 9, Ter Lands-drukkerij, 1870
  4. Dictionarium Britannicum, 1736

Anagrams

  • UMPP

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

pump

  1. imperative of pumpe

Swedish

Etymology

From Dutch pomp (“ship's pump”).

Noun

pump c

  1. a pump

Declension

Declension of pump 
SingularPlural
IndefiniteDefiniteIndefiniteDefinite
Nominativepumppumpenpumparpumparna
Genitivepumpspumpenspumparspumparnas
  • avloppspump
  • cykelpump c (“bike pump”)
  • handpump
  • luftpump
  • pumparm
  • pumpa (“to pump”)
  • pumpcylinder
  • pumphus
  • pumpkolv
  • pumpmotor
  • pumpstation
  • pumptermos
  • pumpverk
  • vattenpump

References

  • pump in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

Anagrams

  • mupp

Welsh

Welsh numbers (edit)
50[a], [b], [c]
[a], [b] ←  456  → [a], [b]
    Cardinal: pump, (before nouns) pum
    Ordinal: pumed
    Ordinal abbreviation: 5ed
Welsh Wikipedia article on 5

Alternative forms

  • pum (when followed by a singular noun)

Etymology

From Middle Welsh pymp, from Old Welsh pimp, from Proto-Brythonic *pɨmp, from Proto-Celtic *kʷinkʷe, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.

Pronunciation

  • (North Wales) IPA(key): /pɨ̞mp/
  • (South Wales) IPA(key): /pɪmp/
  • Rhymes: -ɨ̞mp

Numeral

pump (before nouns pum)

  1. (cardinal number) five

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
pumpbumpmhumpphump
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “pump”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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