publicly
English
Alternative forms
- publically (fairly rare)
- publickly (obsolete)
- publictly (rare, Scotland, from code switching with Scots)
- publiquely (obsolete)
Etymology
From public + -ly.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpʌblɪkli/
Audio (US) (file)
Adverb
publicly (comparative more publicly, superlative most publicly)
- In public, openly, in an open and public manner.
- criticize someone publicly
- publicly announce something
- By, for, or on behalf of the public.
- publicly available
Usage notes
- publicly is more than 25 times more common than publically.[1] Over the last 100 years, the relative frequency of publically has been increasing.[1] publically is covered in Merriam-Webster[2] and Collins[3]. publicly is unusual in so far as -ic adjectives usually form adverbs by adding –ally.[4]
Antonyms
- (openly): privately, secretly
Translations
in an open and public manner — See also translations at in public
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References
- publicly/publically at Google Ngram Viewer
- “publically”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
- “publically”, in Collins English Dictionary.
- Is there a case for 'publically'? Part 1 | Macmillan Dictionary Blog
Further reading
- publicly at OneLook Dictionary Search
- “publicly”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
Scots
Alternative forms
- publictly
Etymology
From Early Modern English publiquely.
Adverb
publicly (not comparable)
- officially, in the presence of public representatives or on behalf the public
- 1858, Alexander Crawford Lindsay, quoting Lord Edzell, Lives of the Lindsays, page 388:
- Albeit I have stayit here in Edinburgh ane year and three months bygane, craving ever to be tryit of the unhappy slaughter of my umquhile Lord of Spynie, whereof I protest before God and your Majesty I am maist innocent, my Lord of Crawford will neither call me (prosecute me) therefor, nor stay, baith privately and publicly, yea in face of your Majesty's honourable Privy Council, to calumniate me.
-
- openly, in the presence of other people
References
- “publicly, adv.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, OCLC 57069714, reproduced from William A[lexander] Craigie, A[dam] J[ack] Aitken [et al.], editors, A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue: […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1931–2002, →OCLC.