provenir
Catalan
Alternative forms
- provindre
Etymology
From Latin prōvenīre, present active infinitive of prōveniō (“originate, arise”).
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /pɾo.vəˈni/
- (Central) IPA(key): /pɾu.bəˈni/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /pɾo.veˈniɾ/
- Rhymes: -i(ɾ)
Verb
provenir (first-person singular present provinc, past participle provingut)
- to originate, to stem (from)
- to arise (from)
Conjugation
Conjugation of provenir (second conjugation with velar infix, type tenir)
| infinitive | provenir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | provenint | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | provingut | provinguda | |||||
| plural | provinguts | provingudes | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | provinc | provens | prové | provenim | proveniu | provenen | |
| imperfect | provenia | provenies | provenia | proveníem | proveníeu | provenien | |
| future | provindré | provindràs | provindrà | provindrem | provindreu | provindran | |
| preterite | provinguí | provingueres | provingué | provinguérem | provinguéreu | provingueren | |
| conditional | provindria | provindries | provindria | provindríem | provindríeu | provindrien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | provingui | provinguis | provingui | provinguem | provingueu | provinguin | |
| imperfect | provingués | provinguessis | provingués | provinguéssim | provinguéssiu | provinguessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | provén | provingui | provinguem | proveniu | provinguin | ||
Related terms
- provinença
- provinent
Further reading
- “provenir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “provenir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “provenir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “provenir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French
Etymology
From Latin prōvenīre, present active infinitive of prōveniō (“originate, arise”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pʁɔv.niʁ/
Audio (file)
Verb
provenir
- to originate (from)
- to arise (from)
Conjugation
This is a verb in a group of -ir verbs. All verbs ending in -venir, such as convenir and devenir, are conjugated this way. Such verbs are the only verbs whose the past historic and subjunctive imperfect endings do not start in one of these thematic vowels (-a-, -i-, -u-).
Conjugation of provenir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | provenir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | être + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | provenant /pʁɔv.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | étant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | provenu /pʁɔv.ny/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | proviens /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃/ | proviens /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃/ | provient /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃/ | provenons /pʁɔv.nɔ̃/ | provenez /pʁɔv.ne/ | proviennent /pʁɔ.vjɛn/ |
| imperfect | provenais /pʁɔv.nɛ/ | provenais /pʁɔv.nɛ/ | provenait /pʁɔv.nɛ/ | provenions /pʁɔ.və.njɔ̃/ | proveniez /pʁɔ.və.nje/ | provenaient /pʁɔv.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | provins /pʁɔ.vɛ̃/ | provins /pʁɔ.vɛ̃/ | provint /pʁɔ.vɛ̃/ | provînmes /pʁɔ.vɛ̃m/ | provîntes /pʁɔ.vɛ̃t/ | provinrent /pʁɔ.vɛ̃ʁ/ | |
| future | proviendrai /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁe/ | proviendras /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁa/ | proviendra /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁa/ | proviendrons /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | proviendrez /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁe/ | proviendront /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | proviendrais /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | proviendrais /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | proviendrait /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | proviendrions /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ | proviendriez /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁi.je/ | proviendraient /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of être + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of être + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of être + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of être + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | provienne /pʁɔ.vjɛn/ | proviennes /pʁɔ.vjɛn/ | provienne /pʁɔ.vjɛn/ | provenions /pʁɔ.və.njɔ̃/ | proveniez /pʁɔ.və.nje/ | proviennent /pʁɔ.vjɛn/ |
| imperfect2 | provinsse /pʁɔ.vɛ̃s/ | provinsses /pʁɔ.vɛ̃s/ | provînt /pʁɔ.vɛ̃/ | provinssions /pʁɔ.vɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ | provinssiez /pʁɔ.vɛ̃.sje/ | provinssent /pʁɔ.vɛ̃s/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of être + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | proviens /pʁɔ.vjɛ̃/ | — | provenons /pʁɔv.nɔ̃/ | provenez /pʁɔv.ne/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
- provenance
Further reading
- “provenir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin prōvenīre, present active infinitive of prōveniō (“originate, arise”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɾobeˈniɾ/ [pɾo.β̞eˈniɾ]
- Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: pro‧ve‧nir
Verb
provenir (first-person singular present provengo, first-person singular preterite provine, past participle provenido)
- originate, arise (from)
- Synonym: originar
Conjugation
Conjugation of provenir (irregular; e-ie-i alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | provenir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | proviniendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | provenido | provenida | |||||
| plural | provenidos | provenidas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | provengo | provienestú provenísvos | proviene | provenimos | provenís | provienen | |
| imperfect | provenía | provenías | provenía | proveníamos | proveníais | provenían | |
| preterite | provine | proviniste | provino | provinimos | provinisteis | provinieron | |
| future | provendré | provendrás | provendrá | provendremos | provendréis | provendrán | |
| conditional | provendría | provendrías | provendría | provendríamos | provendríais | provendrían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | provenga | provengastú provengásvos2 | provenga | provengamos | provengáis | provengan | |
| imperfect (ra) | proviniera | provinieras | proviniera | proviniéramos | provinierais | provinieran | |
| imperfect (se) | proviniese | provinieses | proviniese | proviniésemos | provinieseis | proviniesen | |
| future1 | proviniere | provinieres | proviniere | proviniéremos | proviniereis | provinieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | provéntú provenívos | provenga | provengamos | provenid | provengan | ||
| negative | no provengas | no provenga | no provengamos | no provengáis | no provengan | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of provenir (irregular; e-ie-i alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive provenir | |||||||
| dative | provenirme | provenirte | provenirle, provenirse | provenirnos | proveniros | provenirles, provenirse | |
| accusative | provenirme | provenirte | provenirlo, provenirla, provenirse | provenirnos | proveniros | provenirlos, provenirlas, provenirse | |
| with gerund proviniendo | |||||||
| dative | proviniéndome | proviniéndote | proviniéndole, proviniéndose | proviniéndonos | proviniéndoos | proviniéndoles, proviniéndose | |
| accusative | proviniéndome | proviniéndote | proviniéndolo, proviniéndola, proviniéndose | proviniéndonos | proviniéndoos | proviniéndolos, proviniéndolas, proviniéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative provén | |||||||
| dative | provenme | provente | provenle | provennos | not used | provenles | |
| accusative | provenme | provente | provenlo, provenla | provennos | not used | provenlos, provenlas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative provení | |||||||
| dative | provenime | provenite | provenile | proveninos | not used | proveniles | |
| accusative | provenime | provenite | provenilo, provenila | proveninos | not used | provenilos, provenilas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative provenga | |||||||
| dative | provéngame | not used | provéngale, provéngase | provénganos | not used | provéngales | |
| accusative | provéngame | not used | provéngalo, provéngala, provéngase | provénganos | not used | provéngalos, provéngalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative provengamos | |||||||
| dative | not used | provengámoste | provengámosle | provengámonos | provengámoos | provengámosles | |
| accusative | not used | provengámoste | provengámoslo, provengámosla | provengámonos | provengámoos | provengámoslos, provengámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative provenid | |||||||
| dative | provenidme | not used | provenidle | provenidnos | proveníos | provenidles | |
| accusative | provenidme | not used | provenidlo, provenidla | provenidnos | proveníos | provenidlos, provenidlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative provengan | |||||||
| dative | provénganme | not used | provénganle | provéngannos | not used | provénganles, provénganse | |
| accusative | provénganme | not used | provénganlo, provénganla | provéngannos | not used | provénganlos, provénganlas, provénganse | |
Related terms
- proveniencia
- proveniente
- venir
Further reading
- “provenir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014