Proto-Indo-European

Proto-Indo-European

English

Etymology

proto- +‎ Indo-European

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/, /-ˌjɔːɹəˈ-/, (US) IPA^(key): /ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/[1]

• Audio (US)

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Proper noun

Proto-Indo-European

1. (linguistics, uncountable) The reconstructed ancestor language or protolanguage of the Indo-European family of languages, which includes most European, Iranian, and Indian languages.

   The word mother comes from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.

Synonyms

• Indo-European
• (dated) Indo-Germanic, Proto-Indo-Germanic

Translations

ancestor language of most European and Indian languages

Armenian: հնդեվրոպական նախալեզու (hy) (hndevropakan naxalezu) Basque: Aitzinindoeuropera Breton: indez-europeg Bulgarian: индоевропе́йски пра́език m (indoevropéjski práezik) Catalan: protoindoeuropeu m Chinese: Mandarin: 原始印歐語／原始印欧语 (Yuánshǐ Yìn-Ōuyǔ) Czech: praindoevropština f Danish: protoindoeuropæisk, urindoeuropæisk Dutch: Proto-Indo-Europees (nl) n Esperanto: hindeŭropa pralingvo Faroese: frumindoevropeiskt n Finnish: indoeurooppalainen kantakieli, kantaindoeurooppa (fi) French: indo-européen commun (fr) m, indoeuropéen (fr) Galician: protoindoeuropeo m Georgian: პროტო-ინდოევროპული ენა (ṗroṭo-indoevroṗuli ena), წინარე-ინდოევროპული ენა (c̣inare-indoevroṗuli ena), პროტო-ინდოევროპული (ṗroṭo-indoevroṗuli) German: Indogermanisch (de) n, Urindogermanisch (de) n Greek: πρωτοϊνδοευρωπαϊκά (el) pl (protoïndoevropaïká) Hebrew: פרוטו־הודו־אירופית‎ f (próto-hódu-eirópit) Hindi: आदिम-हिन्द-यूरोपीय भाषा (ādim-hind-yūropīya bhāṣā) Hungarian: indoeurópai alapnyelv Icelandic: frumindóevrópska f Interlingua: proto-indoeuropeo Irish: Próta-Ind-Eorpais f Italian: protoindoeuropeo (it) m Japanese: 印欧祖語 (ja) (in'ō sogo), インド・ヨーロッパ祖語 (ja) (indo-yōroppa sogo) Korean: 인도유럽조어 (indoyureopjo'eo), 원시인구어 (wonsiin'gueo) Latin: lingua indogermanica f, lingua prisca indoeuropaea f Lithuanian: indoeuropiečių prokalbė (lt) f Macedonian: праиндоевропски јазик m (praindoevropski jazik) Norwegian: protoindoeuropeisk (no) Bokmål: urindoeuropeisk (no) Nynorsk: urindoeuropeisk Persian: نیاهندواروپایی‎ (niyâ-hendo-orupâyi) Polish: praindoeuropejski (pl) m Portuguese: proto-indo-europeu (pt) m Romanian: limba proto-indo-europeană f, stră-indoeuropeană f Russian: праиндоевропе́йский язы́к (ru) m (praindojevropéjskij jazýk) Serbo-Croatian: proto-indo-europski Slovak: praindoeurópčina f Slovene: praindoevropščina f Spanish: protoindoeuropeo (es) m Swedish: urindoeuropeiska (sv), protoindoeuropeiska, indoeuropeiska urspråket Turkish: Proto-Hint-Avrupaca Ukrainian: праіндоєвропе́йська f (praindojevropéjsʹka) Welsh: proto-indo-ewropeaidd

Noun

Proto-Indo-European (plural Proto-Indo-Europeans)

1. (anthropology, countable) A person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language.

Translations

person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language

Dutch: Proto-Indo-Europeaan m French: Indo-européen (fr) m, Indoeuropéen (fr) m Georgian: პროტო-ინდოევროპელი (ṗroṭo-indoevroṗeli), წინარე-ინდოევროპელი (c̣inare-indoevroṗeli) German: Urindogermane m Hungarian: indoeurópai (hu) Irish: Próta-Ind-Eorpach m Lithuanian: indoeuropietis m, indoeuropietė f Macedonian: Праиндоевропе́ец (Praindoevropéec) Persian: نیاهندواروپایی‌زبان‎ (niyâ-hendo-orupâyi-zabân) Polish: Praindoeuropejczyk Portuguese: proto-indo-europeu (pt) m Romanian: indoeuropean m, indoeuropeană f Russian: праиндоевропе́ец (ru) m (praindojevropéjec) Slovene: Praindoevropejec m Spanish: protoindoeuropeo (es) m Turkish: Proto-Hint-Avrupalı Ukrainian: праіндоєвропе́єць m (praindojevropéjecʹ), праіндоєвропе́йка f (praindojevropéjka)

Adjective

Proto-Indo-European (not comparable)

1. (linguistics, anthropology) Of or pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it.

Translations

pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — See also translations at Indo-European

Armenian: նախահնդեվրոպական (naxahndevropakan) Czech: praindoevropský Dutch: Proto-Indo-Europees (nl) French: indoeuropéen (fr) m Georgian: პროტო-ინდოევროპული (ṗroṭo-indoevroṗuli), წინარე-ინდოევროპული (c̣inare-indoevroṗuli) German: urindogermanisch, indogermanisch (de) Hungarian: indoeurópai (hu) Icelandic: frumindóevrópskur m Irish: Próta-Ind-Eorpach Macedonian: праиндоевропски (praindoevropski) Norwegian: Bokmål: urindoeuropeisk (no) Nynorsk: urindoeuropeisk Persian: نیا-هندواروپایی‎ (Niya-Hendo-Orupayi) Polish: praindoeuropejski (pl) m Portuguese: proto-indo-europeu (pt) m Romanian: stră-indoeuropean m or n, proto-indoeuropean m or n Russian: праиндоевропе́йский (ru) (praindojevropéjskij) Slovene: praindoevropski Spanish: protoindoeuropeo (es) Swedish: urindoeuropeisk (sv), protoindoeuropeisk Turkish: Proto-Hint-Avrupa grubuna ait, Proto-Hint-Avrupa grubundan Ukrainian: праіндоєвропе́йський (praindojevropéjsʹkyj)

Related terms

• European
• Indian
• Indo-European language family
• proto-

See also

Proto-Indo-European is the hypothetical ancestor language of many languages, including the following major groups:

• Albanian
• Anatolian
• Armenian
• Balto-Slavic
• Celtic
• Germanic
• Greek
• Indo-Iranian
• Italic
• Tocharian

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Proto-Indo-European terms
• Appendix:Proto-Indo-European Swadesh list for a Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in Proto-Indo-European

References

1. Wells, John C. Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, 3rd ed. Longman, 2008. isbn 9781405881180.