probo
See also: Probo, probó, and próbo
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin probus[1], from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰuH-s (“being in front”), from *pro- (“being in front”), extended form of the root *per (“through, forward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈprɔ.bo/
- Rhymes: -ɔbo
- Hyphenation: prò‧bo
Adjective
probo (feminine proba, masculine plural probi, feminine plural probe)
- having strong moral principles; honest, decent, virtuous
Derived terms
- probamente
Related terms
- probità
References
- « probo », Lewis and Short, A Latin Dictionary, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1879
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *proβwāō, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰH-wó-s (“being in front”), from *pro- (“forward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”).[1] Equivalent to probus (“good, fit”) + -ō.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpro.boː/, [ˈprɔboː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpro.bo/, [ˈprɔːbo]
Verb
probō (present infinitive probāre, perfect active probāvī, supine probātum); first conjugation
- I approve, I commend
- Synonyms: approbō, assentiō, cōnscīscō, scīscō, adnuō
- I test, I inspect
- Synonyms: periclitor, experior, tempto, explōrō, spectō
- I examine
- Synonyms: reputō, cōnsīderō, perpendō, circumspiciō, spectō
- I demonstrate, I prove, I show
- 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Pro Ligario 16.2:
- Quod sī probāre Caesarī possēmus in Āfricā Ligārium omninō nōn fuisse […]
- But if we could prove to Caesar that Ligarius wasn't even in Africa […]
- Quod sī probāre Caesarī possēmus in Āfricā Ligārium omninō nōn fuisse […]
- I acquit, I exonerate
- Synonyms: absolvō, līberō, exonerō
- Antonyms: coarguō, comperiō
Conjugation
| Conjugation of probō (first conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | probō | probās | probat | probāmus | probātis | probant |
| imperfect | probābam | probābās | probābat | probābāmus | probābātis | probābant | |
| future | probābō | probābis | probābit | probābimus | probābitis | probābunt | |
| perfect | probāvī | probāvistī, probāstī1 | probāvit, probāt1 | probāvimus, probāmus1 | probāvistis, probāstis1 | probāvērunt, probāvēre, probārunt1 | |
| pluperfect | probāveram, probāram1 | probāverās, probārās1 | probāverat, probārat1 | probāverāmus, probārāmus1 | probāverātis, probārātis1 | probāverant, probārant1 | |
| future perfect | probāverō, probārō1 | probāveris, probāris1 | probāverit, probārit1 | probāverimus, probārimus1 | probāveritis, probāritis1 | probāverint, probārint1 | |
| passive | present | probor | probāris, probāre | probātur | probāmur | probāminī | probantur |
| imperfect | probābar | probābāris, probābāre | probābātur | probābāmur | probābāminī | probābantur | |
| future | probābor | probāberis, probābere | probābitur | probābimur | probābiminī | probābuntur | |
| perfect | probātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | probātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | probātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | probem | probēs | probet | probēmus | probētis | probent |
| imperfect | probārem | probārēs | probāret | probārēmus | probārētis | probārent | |
| perfect | probāverim, probārim1 | probāverīs, probārīs1 | probāverit, probārit1 | probāverīmus, probārīmus1 | probāverītis, probārītis1 | probāverint, probārint1 | |
| pluperfect | probāvissem, probāssem1 | probāvissēs, probāssēs1 | probāvisset, probāsset1 | probāvissēmus, probāssēmus1 | probāvissētis, probāssētis1 | probāvissent, probāssent1 | |
| passive | present | prober | probēris, probēre | probētur | probēmur | probēminī | probentur |
| imperfect | probārer | probārēris, probārēre | probārētur | probārēmur | probārēminī | probārentur | |
| perfect | probātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | probātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | probā | — | — | probāte | — |
| future | — | probātō | probātō | — | probātōte | probantō | |
| passive | present | — | probāre | — | — | probāminī | — |
| future | — | probātor | probātor | — | — | probantor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | probāre | probāvisse, probāsse1 | probātūrum esse | probārī | probātum esse | probātum īrī | |
| participles | probāns | — | probātūrus | — | probātus | probandus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| probandī | probandō | probandum | probandō | probātum | probātū | ||
1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.
Derived terms
- approbō
- comprobō
- improbō
- proba
- probābilis
- probāmentum
- probātor
- probātus
- reprobō
Descendants
- Aragonese: prebar
- Asturian: probar
- Catalan: provar
- → Dutch: proberen, proeven
- → English: probe
- Friulian: provâ
- Galician: probar
- → German: probieren, proben
- → Hungarian: próbál
- Italian: provare
- → Esperanto: provi
- Occitan: provar
- Old French: prover, prouver, pruver (see there for further descendants)
- → Old Irish: promaid
- Irish: promh
- Portuguese: provar
- Romanian: proba
- Romansch: pruvar, pruver, pruar, provar
- Sardinian: proai, proare, probare, provai, provare
- Sicilian: pruvari
- Spanish: probar
- → Ido: probar
- Venetian: provar, proar
References
- “probo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “probo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- probo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- a thing meets with my approval: res mihi probatur
- I express my approval of a thing: res a me probatur
- to quote precedents for a thing: aliquid exemplis probare, comprobare, confirmare
- to prove one's point to a person's satisfaction: aliquid alicui probare (or c. Acc. c. Inf.)
- it follows from what we have shown: hoc probato consequens est
- a thing meets with my approval: res mihi probatur
- probo in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
- Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “prove”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin probus (“good, virtuous”).
Adjective
probo (feminine proba, masculine plural probos, feminine plural probas)
- honest, decent, virtuous (having strong moral principles)
Related terms
- probidade
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin probus.
Adjective
probo (feminine proba, masculine plural probos, feminine plural probas)
- (formal) honest, upright
Derived terms
- probidad
Further reading
- “probo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014