pretium
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *pretjom, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front”) perhaps in the meaning of “equivalence, recompense, compensation”. Compare Proto-Slavic *protivъ (“contrary, against”), Ancient Greek πρός (prós) from older προτί (protí, “in the direction of, towards, near”), Sanskrit प्रति (prati, “towards, near; against”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpre.ti.um/, [ˈprɛt̪iʊ̃ˑ]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpret.t͡si.um/, [ˈprɛt̪ː͡s̪ium]
Noun
pretium n (genitive pretiī or pretī); second declension
- worth, price, value, cost
- pay, hire, wage
- Synonyms: praemium, stīpendium, commodum, mercēs
- reward
- Synonyms: praemium, datum, dōnum, oblātiō
- ransom
- bribe
- Synonym: praemium
- punishment
- Synonyms: pūnītiō, sānctiō, poena, supplicium, exemplum, vindicātiō, vindicta, animadversus, malum, mercēs
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | pretium | pretia |
Genitive | pretiī pretī1 | pretiōrum |
Dative | pretiō | pretiīs |
Accusative | pretium | pretia |
Ablative | pretiō | pretiīs |
Vocative | pretium | pretia |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Derived terms
- appretiō
- manupretium
- pretiō
- pretiōsus
Descendants
- Balkan Romance:
- Istro-Romanian: prets
- Romanian: preț
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: prezzo, pregio
- → Romansch: prezi
- → Sardinian: préciu, preju, prégiu, présiu, prétziu
- Sicilian: prezzu
- → Maltese: prezz
- Italian: prezzo, pregio
- Insular Romance:
- Old Sardinian: prethu
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Italic:
- Lombard: pressi
- Piedmontese: pressi
- Romagnol: prëz
- Friulian: presi
- Istriot: priesio, prièso
- Ladin: prisc
- Romansch: predsch, pretsch
- Gallo-Italic:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Old Franco-Provençal: preiz
- Franco-Provençal: pri
- Old French: pris (see there for further descendants)
- Old Franco-Provençal: preiz
- Occitano-Romance:
- Catalan: preu
- → Aragonese: preu, pre
- Old Occitan: pretz
- Occitan: prètz
- → Spanish: prez
- Catalan: preu
- Ibero-Romance:
- Old Portuguese: preço
- Galician: prezo
- Portuguese: preço
- Old Portuguese: preço
- Borrowings:
- → Spanish: precio (semi-learned) (see there for further descendants)
References
- Buchi, Éva; Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008-), “*/ˈprɛti-u/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
Further reading
- “pretium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pretium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pretium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- pretium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- it is worth while: operae pretium est (c. Inf.)
- to fix a price for a thing: pretium alicui rei statuere, constituere (Att. 13. 22)
- (ambiguous) to buy cheaply: parvo, vili pretio or bene emere
- (ambiguous) to restore prisoners without ransom: captivos sine pretio reddere
- it is worth while: operae pretium est (c. Inf.)