presbyter
English
Etymology
From Late Latin presbyter, from Ancient Greek πρεσβύτερος (presbúteros), from πρέσβυς (présbus, “elder, older”). Doublet of prester.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈpɹezbɪtə/
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈpɹezbɪtɚ/, /ˈpɹesbɪtɚ/
Noun
presbyter (plural presbyters)
- An elder, priest, pastor, or minister in various Christian churches.
- An elder of the Presbyterian church.
- An elder of the congregation in early Christianity.
Related terms
- presbytera
- presbyterate
- presbyterian
- Presbyterian
- presbyterianism
- Presbyterianism
- presbytership
- presbytery
Translations
elder, priest, pastor, or minister in various Christian churches
|
elder of the Presbyterian church
|
elder of the congregation in early Christianity
References
- presbyter in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
Latin
Etymology
From Ancient Greek πρεσβύτερος (presbúteros).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpres.by.ter/, [ˈprɛs̠bʏt̪ɛr]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpres.bi.ter/, [ˈprɛzbit̪er]
Noun
presbyter m (genitive presbyterī); second declension
- (Late Latin, Christian Latin) elder, presbyter
Declension
Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | presbyter | presbyterī |
Genitive | presbyterī | presbyterōrum |
Dative | presbyterō | presbyterīs |
Accusative | presbyterum | presbyterōs |
Ablative | presbyterō | presbyterīs |
Vocative | presbyter | presbyterī |
Derived terms
- presbytera
- presbyterātus
Related terms
- presbyterium
Descendants
- Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: preftu, preft
- Romanian: preot
- Dalmatian:
- priast
- Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: preti
- Old Italian: preite, previte
- Italian: prete
- Neapolitan: prevete, preote, preite, preute
- Sicilian: prèviti
- North Itlaian:
- Emilian: prît
- Friulian: predi
- Ligurian: præve, præ
- Lombard: prev, pret, preit, prèvet
- Ossolano: prèu, prèf, prèvi
- Piedmontese: prèive, prève
- Romagnol: prid, prit
- Romansch: prer, prear, preir
- Venetian: prète, prèvede, pre
- Gallo-Romance:
- Old Francoprovençal: prestre, prestro (nominative form); preveiro (from the accusative form)
- Franco-Provençal: prétro, prétre, preitre, préthre, prére, prire
- Valdôtain: prèire
- Franco-Provençal: prétro, prétre, preitre, préthre, prére, prire
- Old French: prestre, provoire
- French: prêtre
- Old Francoprovençal: prestre, prestro (nominative form); preveiro (from the accusative form)
- Occitano-Romance:
- Catalan: prevere
- Occitan: preveire, perbeire (dated)
- Auvergnat: prestre
- Gascon: prèste
- Languedocien: prèire, preire
- Limousin: prestre, pestre
- Provençal: prèire
- Vivaro-Alpine: preire
- West Iberian:
- Old Spanish: preste
- Spanish: preste
- Old Spanish: preste
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: preide, prede, predi
- Sardinian:
- Campidanese: predi
- Logudorese: preide, prede, preìderu, pìderu
- Borrowings
- → Albanian: prift
- → English: presbyter, prester
- → Irish: preispitéir
- → Middle Dutch: priester
- Dutch: priester
- Afrikaans: priester
- Dutch: priester
- → Old English: prēost
- Middle English: prest, preest
- English: priest
- → Old Norse: prestr
- Middle English: prest, preest
- → Old High German: prēstar
- Middle High German: priester
- German: Priester
- Middle High German: priester
- → Old Welsh: primter
- → Primitive Irish: ᚊᚏᚔᚋᚔᚈᚔᚏ (qrimitir)
- Old Irish: cruimther
- Middle Irish: cruimther, cruimmther, cruimper
- Irish: cruimhthir
- Scottish Gaelic: cruimthear
- Middle Irish: cruimther, cruimmther, cruimper
- Old Irish: cruimther
- → Primitive Irish: ᚊᚏᚔᚋᚔᚈᚔᚏ (qrimitir)
- → Old Church Slavonic: презвитеръ (prezviterŭ)
- Bulgarian: презвитер (prezviter)
- → Macedonian: презвитер (prezviter)
References
- “presbyter”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- presbyter in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016