pre-
English
Alternative forms
- prae-, præ- (archaic, technical, or pedantic)
- p͛- (abbreviation, obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle English pre-, borrowed from Latin prae-, from the preposition prae (“before”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɹi/
Audio (US) (file)
Prefix
pre-
- Before; physically in front of; (anatomy) anterior.
- Before; earlier in time; beforehand.
Usage notes
- This prefix is usually prefixed to words without using a hyphen (for example, prefix, predate). A hyphen is used in the following cases:
- Where excluding a hyphen would be likely to lead to a mispronunciation of the word because "pre" appears not to be a complete syllable (for example, "pre-yaw course", which could be read as "prey aw course" if unhyphenated).
- Always in British English before the letter e (for example, pre-existing)
- Often in British English before other vowels (for example, pre-operative);
- Always in all varieties of English before a character other than a letter (for example, pre-1960).
Synonyms
- (anterior): ante-, fore-
- (beforehand): ante-, fore-
Antonyms
- (anterior): post-
- (beforehand): after-, post-
Derived terms
- pré-
- precocious
- precognition
- predate
- pre-existing
- prefix
- preheat
- premonition
- pre-op
- pre-operative
- preposition
- prequel
- presage
- preview
- previous
- pre-war
Translations
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See also
- fore
- pre
Further reading
- pre- at OneLook Dictionary Search
- “pre-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
- “pre-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989, →ISBN. -- includes many derived terms
Anagrams
- EPR, ERP, PER, Per., RPE, Rep, Rep., per, per-, per., rep
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin prae- (“before”).
Prefix
pre-
- Before; used to form words meaning "in front of" or "before".
- Before; used to form words meaning superiority or excellence.
Derived terms
Further reading
- “pre-” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “pre-”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “pre-” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “pre-” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Etymology
From Latin prae- (“before”).
Prefix
pre-
- pre-
Derived terms
Further reading
- “pre-” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
Ido
Etymology
Borrowed from English pre-, French pré-, Italian pre-, Spanish pre-, Russian пред- (pred-), пре- (pre-).
Prefix
pre-
- pre-
Derived terms
Italian
Etymology
From Latin prae- (“before”).
Prefix
pre-
- pre-
Derived terms
- preadattamento
- preanticipare
- preario
- prebarocco
- preceltico
- precomprensione
- preconcordatario
- precongressuale
- preconsuntivo
- precritico
- precucinato
- predefinizione
- predefunto
- predibattimento
- predimostrazione
- predistinguere
- prefascista
- prefigurativo
- prefinito
- pregrafismo
- preincarico
- preindicato
- preintrodurre
- preleggi
- prelodato
- prelogico
- prelogismo
- pre-maman
- premenopausa
- prenascere
- prenegoziato
- prenominato
- Preominidi
- preorale
- prepagamento
- prepossente
- preraffaelita
- preromanzo
- preruolo
- presantificato
- presciistica
- presegnalazione
- preselettore
- presemina
- presistole
- preumanesimo
Anagrams
- per
Latin
Prefix
prē-
- (Medieval Latin) Alternative form of prae-
Derived terms
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Latin prae.
Prefix
pre-
- pre-
Derived terms
References
- “pre-” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Latin prae.
Prefix
pre-
- pre-
Derived terms
References
- “pre-” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /prɛ/
Prefix
pre-
- pre-
Derived terms
Further reading
- pre- in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- pre- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- pré-
Etymology
From Latin prae-.
Prefix
pre-
- pre- (before)
Derived terms
Romanian
Alternative forms
- pri-
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pre/
Etymology 1
From Latin per-, with a few cases influenced by prae.
Prefix
pre-
- used with verbs to indicate repetition or insistence
Examples: presăra, prelinge. Compare also prevedea, priveghea
Etymology 2
Borrowed from French pre-, Latin prae-.
- pre-
Synonyms
- ante-
Derived terms
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *per-.
Prefix
pre- (Cyrillic spelling пре-)
- Prefix prepended to adjectives and adverbs to denote excess of a feature; too, excessively, over-
- dug / predug ― long / overlong
- Prefix prepended to verbs to indicate an action being done excessively, again or differently; re-, over-
- trpati / pretrpati ― to stuff / to overstuff
- Prefix prepended to verbs to indicate change in form, especially through partition
- prepoloviti ― split up
- Prefix prepended to imperfective verbs to make them perfective; to indicate that the action has been carried out
- Spavat ću u hotelu. Prespavao sam u hotelu. ― I will sleep in a hotel. I slept (over) in a hotel.
Usage notes
The suffix matches the usage of all mentioned prefixes in English for all adjectives and majority of verbs. When "pre-" may cause confusion or cannot be prefixed to a verb in order to indicate repetition, opet or ponovo ("again" / "anew") followed by the verb construction is used instead, e.g. "redo" would be "ponovno uraditi" ("do again") rather than preraditi ("rework").
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *per-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /prɛ-/
Prefix
pre-
- Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
- (no change in meaning)
- pre- + zráčiti (“to ventilate”) → prezráčiti (“to ventilate”)
- through, across
- pre- + grísti (“to bite”) → pregrísti (“to bite through”)
- re-, again
- pre- + bȃrvati (“to paint”) → prebȃrvati (“to repaint”)
- over-, too much
- pre- + plačáti (“to pay”) → preplačáti (“to overpay”)
- for a certain time
- pre- + sedẹ́ti (“to sit”) → presedẹ́ti (“to sit for a certain time”)
- (no change in meaning)
Derived terms
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin prae- (“before”), from the Latin preposition prae.
Prefix
pre-
- pre-
- Antonyms: post-, pos-
Derived terms
Further reading
- “pre-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014