prandium

prandium

Latin

Etymology

• Might be from Proto-Italic *prāmo-(e)d-yom, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₃mós (“first”) + *h₁ed- (“to eat”), thus originally "first meal". See prīmus, edō and compare Ancient Greek ἄριστον (áriston).[1][2][3]
• Another interpretation for the first element is *pram (“before > early”), from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂m.[4]

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpran.di.um/, [ˈprän̪d̪iʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpran.di.um/, [ˈprän̪d̪ium]

Noun

prandium n (genitive prandiī or prandī); second declension

1. late breakfast, luncheon, lunch (eaten about midday)

   Coordinate terms: ientāculum, cēna

   1. (figurative) any meal

      Synonyms: cibus, ēsca

      Nūllum grātuītum prandium ― No free lunch (19th-century US)

   2. (of animals) fodder

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	prandium	prandia
Genitive	prandiī prandī1	prandiōrum
Dative	prandiō	prandiīs
Accusative	prandium	prandia
Ablative	prandiō	prandiīs
Vocative	prandium	prandia

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

• prandeō
• prandiolum, prandiculum

Related terms

• dēprāns
• imprānsus
• prānsitō
• prānsor
• prānsōrius

Descendants

• Aromanian: prãndzu
• Dalmatian: prinz
• Italian: pranzo, prandio
• Occitan: prandièra
• Old French: prangier
  • Bourguignon: pregneire, pergneire
  • Lorrain: pragné
  • Picard: prangère, pringère
• → Old Irish: proind
  • Irish: proinn
• → Portuguese: prândio
• Romanian: prânz
• Sicilian: pranzu
  • → Maltese: pranzu
• → Welsh: prain
• ⇒ Late Latin: prandialis
  • → English: prandial

References

1. Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “prandium”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 486
3. Weiss, Michael L. (2009) Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, page 374
4. Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “prandium”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Further reading

• “prandium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “prandium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• prandium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• prandium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• “prandium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “prandium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin