plúch
See also: pluch
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pˠlˠuːx/
Verb
plúch (present analytic plúchann, future analytic plúchfaidh, verbal noun plúchadh, past participle plúchta) (transitive)
- to suffocate (transitive), smother, asphyxiate, stifle
- to choke (transitive)
- Synonym: tacht
- to press, squeeze
- to congest
- to muffle (mute or deaden)
- to inundate (overwhelm)
- (business) to glut (a market)
- (telecommunications) to jam (block or confuse a broadcast signal)
Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | present | plúchaim | plúchann tú; plúchair† | plúchann sé, sí | plúchaimid | plúchann sibh | plúchann siad; plúchaid† | a phlúchann; a phlúchas / a bplúchann*; a bplúchas* | plúchtar |
past | phlúch mé; phlúchas | phlúch tú; phlúchais | phlúch sé, sí | phlúchamar; phlúch muid | phlúch sibh; phlúchabhair | phlúch siad; phlúchadar | a phlúch / ar phlúch* | plúchadh | |
past habitual | phlúchainn / bplúchainn‡‡ | phlúchtá / bplúchtᇇ | phlúchadh sé, sí / bplúchadh sé, s퇇 | phlúchaimis; phlúchadh muid / bplúchaimis‡‡; bplúchadh muid‡‡ | phlúchadh sibh / bplúchadh sibh‡‡ | phlúchaidís; phlúchadh siad / bplúchaidís‡‡; bplúchadh siad‡‡ | a phlúchadh / a bplúchadh* | phlúchtaí / bplúchta퇇 | |
future | plúchfaidh mé; plúchfad | plúchfaidh tú; plúchfair† | plúchfaidh sé, sí | plúchfaimid; plúchfaidh muid | plúchfaidh sibh | plúchfaidh siad; plúchfaid† | a phlúchfaidh; a phlúchfas / a bplúchfaidh*; a bplúchfas* | plúchfar | |
conditional | phlúchfainn / bplúchfainn‡‡ | phlúchfá / bplúchfᇇ | phlúchfadh sé, sí / bplúchfadh sé, s퇇 | phlúchfaimis; phlúchfadh muid / bplúchfaimis‡‡; bplúchfadh muid‡‡ | phlúchfadh sibh / bplúchfadh sibh‡‡ | phlúchfaidís; phlúchfadh siad / bplúchfaidís‡‡; bplúchfadh siad‡‡ | a phlúchfadh / a bplúchfadh* | phlúchfaí / bplúchfa퇇 | |
subjunctive | present | go bplúcha mé; go bplúchad† | go bplúcha tú; go bplúchair† | go bplúcha sé, sí | go bplúchaimid; go bplúcha muid | go bplúcha sibh | go bplúcha siad; go bplúchaid† | — | go bplúchtar |
past | dá bplúchainn | dá bplúchtá | dá bplúchadh sé, sí | dá bplúchaimis; dá bplúchadh muid | dá bplúchadh sibh | dá bplúchaidís; dá bplúchadh siad | — | dá bplúchtaí | |
imperative | plúchaim | plúch | plúchadh sé, sí | plúchaimis | plúchaigí; plúchaidh† | plúchaidís | — | plúchtar | |
verbal noun | plúchadh | ||||||||
past participle | plúchta |
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Usage notes
The Irish verb is transitive; the intransitive English senses of “suffocate, choke” etc. must be translated using a passive or impersonal construction, such as Tá sé á phlúchadh (“He is choking”), Plúchadh iad (“They (were) suffocated”), or by making the thing on which the person choked the subject of the sentence, as Phlúch an deatach í (“She asphyxiated on the smoke”, literally “The smoke asphyxiated her”).
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
plúch | phlúch | bplúch |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- “plúch” at the Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926 of the Royal Irish Academy.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “plúchad”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- “plúċaim” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 547.
- "plúch" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.