plango
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *plāngō, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂k-, *pleh₂g- (“to strike”).
Cognate with Latin plēctō, Ancient Greek πλήσσω (plḗssō), Old Church Slavonic плакати (plakati), Dutch vloeken.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈplan.ɡoː/, [ˈpɫ̪äŋɡoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈplan.ɡo/, [ˈpläŋɡo]
Verb
plangō (present infinitive plangere, perfect active plānxī, supine plānctum); third conjugation
- to strike, beat, flap (repeatedly or with a noise)
- (also in the mediopassive or with sē) to beat the breast etc. as a sign of grief, desperation, fury
- (transitive) to bewail, lament for
- Synonyms: dēplōrō, ingemō, lūgeō, gemō, queror, conqueror, plōrō, fleō
Conjugation
Conjugation of plangō (third conjugation) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | plangō | plangis | plangit | plangimus | plangitis | plangunt |
imperfect | plangēbam | plangēbās | plangēbat | plangēbāmus | plangēbātis | plangēbant | |
future | plangam | plangēs | planget | plangēmus | plangētis | plangent | |
perfect | plānxī | plānxistī | plānxit | plānximus | plānxistis | plānxērunt, plānxēre | |
pluperfect | plānxeram | plānxerās | plānxerat | plānxerāmus | plānxerātis | plānxerant | |
future perfect | plānxerō | plānxeris | plānxerit | plānxerimus | plānxeritis | plānxerint | |
passive | present | plangor | plangeris, plangere | plangitur | plangimur | plangiminī | planguntur |
imperfect | plangēbar | plangēbāris, plangēbāre | plangēbātur | plangēbāmur | plangēbāminī | plangēbantur | |
future | plangar | plangēris, plangēre | plangētur | plangēmur | plangēminī | plangentur | |
perfect | plānctus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | plānctus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | plānctus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | plangam | plangās | plangat | plangāmus | plangātis | plangant |
imperfect | plangerem | plangerēs | plangeret | plangerēmus | plangerētis | plangerent | |
perfect | plānxerim | plānxerīs | plānxerit | plānxerīmus | plānxerītis | plānxerint | |
pluperfect | plānxissem | plānxissēs | plānxisset | plānxissēmus | plānxissētis | plānxissent | |
passive | present | plangar | plangāris, plangāre | plangātur | plangāmur | plangāminī | plangantur |
imperfect | plangerer | plangerēris, plangerēre | plangerētur | plangerēmur | plangerēminī | plangerentur | |
perfect | plānctus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | plānctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | plange | — | — | plangite | — |
future | — | plangitō | plangitō | — | plangitōte | planguntō | |
passive | present | — | plangere | — | — | plangiminī | — |
future | — | plangitor | plangitor | — | — | planguntor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | plangere | plānxisse | plānctūrum esse | plangī | plānctum esse | plānctum īrī | |
participles | plangēns | — | plānctūrus | — | plānctus | plangendus, plangundus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
plangendī | plangendō | plangendum | plangendō | plānctum | plānctū |
Derived terms
- dēplangō
Descendants
- Aromanian: plãngu, plãndziri
- Catalan: plànyer
- Dalmatian: plungro, plongur
- English: plangent, plain
- French: plaindre
- Istro-Romanian: plănze
- Italian: piangere
- Neapolitan: chiagne
- Occitan: plànher, plànger, planguer
- Old French: pleindre
- Old Portuguese: changer
- Old Spanish: llañer
- Portuguese: planger, plangente
- Romanian: plânge, plângere
- Sardinian: pianghere, plangiri, pragnere
- Sicilian: ciànciri, chiànciri
- Spanish: plañir
Further reading
- “plango”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “plango”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- plango in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette