pistma
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *pistädäk, from Proto-Finno-Permic *pistä-. Cognates include Finnish pistää, Northern Sami bastit (“to be able to”) and Eastern Mari пышташ (pyštaš). See also püsima.
Verb
pistma (da-infinitive pista)
- to poke, to thrust, to stab
- to place, to put
- to push
- to smart (only refers to a specific pain in a specific region in the upper stomach, theorised to be a cramp in the abdomen or a build-up of gas in the intestines, often experienced when doing physical activity without proper warm-up)
- Mul pistab.
- My abdomen smarts.
- Mul pistab.
Conjugation
Inflection of pistma (ÕS type 34/saatma, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | pistan | ei pista | 1st sing. | olen pistnud | ei ole pistnud pole pistnud |
| 2nd sing. | pistad | 2nd sing. | oled pistnud | ||
| 3rd sing. | pistab | 3rd sing. | on pistnud | ||
| 1st plur. | pistame | 1st plur. | oleme pistnud | ||
| 2nd plur. | pistate | 2nd plur. | olete pistnud | ||
| 3rd plur. | pistavad | 3rd plur. | on pistnud | ||
| passive | pistetakse | ei pisteta | passive | on pistetud | ei ole pistetud pole pistetud |
| past | pluperfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | pistsin | ei pistnud | 1st sing. | olin pistnud | ei olnud pistnud polnud pistnud |
| 2nd sing. | pistsid | 2nd sing. | olid pistnud | ||
| 3rd sing. | pistis | 3rd sing. | oli pistnud | ||
| 1st plur. | pistsime | 1st plur. | olime pistnud | ||
| 2nd plur. | pistsite | 2nd plur. | olite pistnud | ||
| 3rd plur. | pistsid | 3rd plur. | oli pistnud | ||
| passive | pisteti | ei pistetud | passive | oli pistetud | ei olnud pistetud polnud pistetud |
| conditional | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | pistaksin | ei pistaks | 1st sing. | oleksin pistnud | ei oleks pistnud poleks pistnud |
| 2nd sing. | pistaksid | 2nd sing. | oleksid pistnud | ||
| 3rd sing. | pistaks | 3rd sing. | oleks pistnud | ||
| 1st plur. | pistaksime | 1st plur. | oleksime pistnud | ||
| 2nd plur. | pistaksite | 2nd plur. | oleksite pistnud | ||
| 3rd plur. | pistaksid | 3rd plur. | oleksid pistnud | ||
| passive | pistetaks | ei pistetaks | passive | oleks pistetud | ei oleks pistetud poleks pistetud |
| imperative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — |
| 2nd sing. | pista | ära pista | 2nd sing. | — | — |
| 3rd sing. | pistku | ärgu pistku | 3rd sing. | olgu pistnud | ärgu olgu pistnud |
| 1st plur. | pistkem | ärgem pistkem | 1st plur. | — | — |
| 2nd plur. | pistke | ärge pistke | 2nd plur. | — | — |
| 3rd plur. | pistku | ärgu pistku | 3rd plur. | olgu pistnud | ärgu olgu pistnud |
| passive | pistetagu | ärgu pistetagu | passive | olgu pistetud | ärgu olgu pistetud |
| quotative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| active | pistvat | ei pistvat | active | olevat pistnud | ei olevat pistnud polevat pistnud |
| passive | pistetavat | ei pistetavat | passive | olevat pistetud | ei olevat pistetud polevat pistetud |
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ma-infinitive | da-infinitive | ||||||||
| active | passive | da-form | pista | ||||||
| nominative | pistma | pistetama | des-form | pistes | |||||
| inessive | pistmas | — | participle | ||||||
| elative | pistmast | — | active | passive | |||||
| translative | pistmaks | — | present | pistev | pistetav | ||||
| abessive | pistmata | — | past | pistnud | pistetud | ||||