piper

piper

See also: Piper

English

piper (playing bagpipes)

Etymology 1

From Middle English piper, pipere; equivalent to pipe +‎ -er. Piecewise doublet of fifer.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈpaɪ.pə/

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈpaɪ.pɚ/
• (Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈpʌɪ.pɚ/
• Rhymes: -aɪpə(ɹ)

Noun

piper (plural pipers)

1. A musician who plays a pipe.
2. A bagpiper.
   • 2020 May 20, “Railway remembers VE Day with a series of tributes”, in Rail, page 15:

     At Glasgow Central and Edinburgh Waverley, the sounding of train horns was followed by a lone piper playing When the Battle's Over.

3. A baby pigeon.
4. A common European gurnard (Trigla lyra), having a large head, with prominent nasal projection, and with large, sharp, opercular spines.
5. A sea urchin (Cidaris cidaris) with very long spines, native to the American and European coasts.
6. (slang, obsolete) A broken-winded hack horse.

Synonyms

• (bagpiper): bagpiper
• (baby pigeon): squab, baby pigeon, pigeon chick

Derived terms

• drunk as a piper
• pay the piper
• Pied Piper
• who pays the piper calls the tune

Related terms

• bagpiper
• hornpiper

Translations

musician who plays a pipe

Arabic: زَمَّار‎ m (zammār) Bulgarian: свира́ч m (sviráč) Finnish: huilunsoittaja (fi), säkkipillinsoittaja French: joueur de pipeau m, joueuse de pipeau f Greek: αυλητής (el) m (avlitís) Ancient Greek: αὐλητής m (aulētḗs), αὐλητρίς f (aulētrís) Hebrew: חֲלִילָן‎ (he) m (khalilán) Irish: píobaire m Italian: pifferaio (it) m Portuguese: flautista (pt) m or f Romanian: fluierar (ro) m Russian: ду́дочник (ru) m (dúdočnik), волы́нщик (ru) m (volýnščik) (bagpipes), флейти́ст (ru) m (flejtíst) (flautist) Scottish Gaelic: pìobair m Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: фру̀ла̄ш m Roman: frùlāš (sh) m

bagpiper — see bagpiper

baby pigeon — see squab

Etymology 2

Noun

piper

1. Archaic form of pepper.

Anagrams

• PIREP

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Aromanian

Alternative forms

• piperu, chiper

Etymology

From Greek πιπέρι (pipéri), from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi).

Noun

piper m

1. pepper (plant)
2. pepper (spice)

Derived terms

• mpipiredz

See also

• pipercã
• sari

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French

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

piper

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Conjugation

Conjugation of piper (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	piper
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	pipant /pi.pɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		pipé /pi.pe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	pipe /pip/	pipes /pip/	pipe /pip/	pipons /pi.pɔ̃/	pipez /pi.pe/	pipent /pip/
	imperfect	pipais /pi.pɛ/	pipais /pi.pɛ/	pipait /pi.pɛ/	pipions /pi.pjɔ̃/	pipiez /pi.pje/	pipaient /pi.pɛ/
	past historic2	pipai /pi.pe/	pipas /pi.pa/	pipa /pi.pa/	pipâmes /pi.pam/	pipâtes /pi.pat/	pipèrent /pi.pɛʁ/
	future	piperai /pi.pʁe/	piperas /pi.pʁa/	pipera /pi.pʁa/	piperons /pi.pʁɔ̃/	piperez /pi.pʁe/	piperont /pi.pʁɔ̃/
	conditional	piperais /pi.pʁɛ/	piperais /pi.pʁɛ/	piperait /pi.pʁɛ/	piperions /pi.pə.ʁjɔ̃/	piperiez /pi.pə.ʁje/	piperaient /pi.pʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	pipe /pip/	pipes /pip/	pipe /pip/	pipions /pi.pjɔ̃/	pipiez /pi.pje/	pipent /pip/
	imperfect2	pipasse /pi.pas/	pipasses /pi.pas/	pipât /pi.pa/	pipassions /pi.pa.sjɔ̃/	pipassiez /pi.pa.sje/	pipassent /pi.pas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	pipe /pip/	—	pipons /pi.pɔ̃/	pipez /pi.pe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• ne pas piper mot
• sans piper mot

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Latin

piper (pepper)

Alternative forms

• *piber

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), via Middle Persian from an Indo-Aryan source, ultimately from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”), itself of unknown origin (perhaps a Dravidian or other substrate language of the Indian subcontinent). The declension was changed to a rhotic-stem.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.per/, [ˈpɪpɛr]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.per/, [ˈpiːper]

Noun

piper n (genitive piperis); third declension

1. pepper
   • compiled by 5th century CE, Apicius, De Re Coquinaria 4.12:

     ...Et, cum siccaverint, super aspargis piper tritum et inferes. Ad mensam nemo agnoscet quid manducet.

     ...And, when they get dry, sprinkle mashed pepper on them, and serve. At the table, no one will know what they're eating.

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	piper	pipera
Genitive	piperis	piperum
Dative	piperī	piperibus
Accusative	piper	pipera
Ablative	pipere	piperibus
Vocative	piper	pipera

Derived terms

• piperātārius
• piperātōrium
• piperātum
• piperātus
• piperita

Related terms

• piperītis

Descendants

• Dalmatian:
  • pepro
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: pepe
  • Sicilian: pipi

    Calabrian: pipi, pipe

• Padanian:
  • Emilian: péivar, pévar, peuvre
  • Friulian: pevar
  • Ladin: peiver
  • Ligurian: pèivie, pèivre, pèive, pêve
  • Lombard: pever, pévar, péer, pìer, per, péivar

    Alpine: péuro

    Ossolano: péuro, pòvar

  • Piedmontese: péiver, paivre, péure, paire, pèvre, pèive, pèivre, pòiver
  • Romagnol: pévre, pévar, péivar, puéivar
  • Romansch: paiver, peiver, pever
  • Venetian: pévaro, pévar, pévare
  • Borrowings:
    • → Italian: pevere
    • → Mòcheno: pever
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: pêvro, pèivro
  • Old French: poivre, peivre, peivere
    • French: poivre
    • Norman: paîvre, pêvre (Jersey) (Guernsey), pevr (Sark)
    • Walloon: poevrî
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese: pebre
  • Catalan: pebre
    • → Galician: prebe (“sauce, pepper”)
    • → Spanish: pebre
  • Occitan: pebre

    Gascon: péber, púber

    Vivaro-Alpine: peure

    Valadas: pióre, piòure

• Insular Romance
  • Sardinian: pibere, pibiri, pipere
• ⇒With suffix -ōnem, meaning bell pepper:
  • Italo-Romance:
    • Italian: peperone
  • Padanian:
    • Emilian: puvron, pevron, pivron
    • Ligurian: pevión, povrón, peverón, peveión
    • Lombard: peveron, pieron, povron
    • Piedmontese: povron, puvron, pevron, pouron
      • → Vivaro-Alpine: povron, puvron (Valadas)
    • Romagnol: pevaron, piviron, povaron
  • Northern Gallo-Romance:
    • Franco-Provençal: pêvron, povrun, peivron, póuron
    • French: poivron
  • Southern Gallo-Romance:
    • Occitan: pebron (also pebròt, peberòt, cf. Catalan pebrot)
• Borrowings
  • → Basque: piperra
  • → Middle Irish: pipur
    • Irish: piobar
    • Manx: pibbyr
    • Scottish Gaelic: peabar, piobar
  • → Old Norse: piparr, pipari
    • Icelandic: pipar
    • Faroese: pipar
    • Norwegian: pepar
    • Swedish: peppar
      • → Finnish: pippuri
        • → Northern Sami: bihppor
    • Old Danish: pipær
      • Danish: peber
    • Elfdalian: pipär
    • → Estonian: pipar
    • → Latvian: pipars
  • → Proto-Slavic: *pьpьrь (see there for further descendants)
  • → Translingual: Piper
  • → Welsh: pupur
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *piper (see there for further descendants)
    • Old English: pipor, piper
      • Middle English: peper
        • English: pepper (see there for further descendants)
        • Scots: peper, pepar, pepir
        • Yola: pipper

References

• “piper”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “piper”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• piper in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• “piper”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “piper”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

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Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English pīpere; equivalent to pipe +‎ -er; compare Old Norse pípari and Old High German pfīfari.

Alternative forms

• pipare, pipere, pyper, pypere, pypare

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpiːpər(ə)/

Noun

piper (plural pipers)

1. A piper; one who plays a pipe.

Descendants

• English: piper
• Scots: piper
• Yola: peepeare, pipere

References

• “peper, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2022-01-04.

Noun

piper

1. Alternative form of peper

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Norman

Verb

piper

1. (Jersey, onomatopoeia) to peep

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Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

piper m or f

1. indefinite plural of pipe

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

piper f

1. indefinite plural of pipe

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Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpi.per/

Noun

piper m

1. Alternative form of pipor

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Romanian

piper

Etymology

From Bulgarian пипе́р (pipér), from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi), from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali).

Noun

piper m (plural piperi)

1. pepper (plant)
2. pepper (spice)

Declension

Declension of piper

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) piper	piperul	(niște) piperi	piperii
genitive/dative	(unui) piper	piperului	(unor) piperi	piperilor
vocative	piperule		piperilor

See also

• sare

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpiːpɛr/

Verb

piper

1. present tense of pipa.

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West Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian piper, from Proto-West Germanic *piper, from Latin piper.

Noun

piper c (plural pipers, diminutive piperke)

1. pepper (spice)

Further reading

• “piper”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011