pickaninny

English

Alternative forms

piccaninny, picaninny, picinniny, pikinini
piccanin (South Africa, Australia)
pickny (chiefly Caribbean)

Etymology

Probably from a Portuguese pidgin, from Portuguese pequenino (“boy, child”), noun use of pequenino (“tiny”), from pequeno (“small”). In South African uses probably partly after Afrikaans pikenien.

Pronunciation

(UK) IPA^(key): /ˈpɪkənɪni/

Noun

pickaninny (plural pickaninnies)

(colloquial, now offensive, ethnic slur) A black child. [from 17th c.]
- 1952, Doris Lessing, Martha Quest, Panther 1974, p. 134:
  A small white donkey glimmered into sight, and behind it a milk cart, rattling its cans, and behind that ran a small and ragged piccaninny, a child of perhaps seven years, whose teeth were rattling so loudly they sounded like falling pebbles even across the width of the garden.
- 1978, André Brink, Rumours of Rain, Vintage 2000, p. 57:
  And then one boy came back into the water to help me, a Black piccanin, I believe his name was Mpilo […] .
- 2008 January 23, Owen Bowcott; Sam Jones, quoting Boris Johnson, “Johnson's ‘piccaninnies’ apology”, in The Guardian‎:
  “What a relief it must be for Blair to get out of England. It is said that the Queen has come to love the Commonwealth, partly because it supplies her with regular cheering crowds of flag-waving piccaninnies,” he wrote.
- 2011, Robin Bernstein, Racial Innocence, NYU Press, →ISBN, page 34:
  The pickaninny was an imagined, subhuman black juvenile who was typically depicted outdoors, merrily accepting (or even inviting) violence. The word (alternatively spelled “picaninny” or “piccaninny”) dates to the seventeenth century, […]

Derived terms

pickney

Descendants

Bajan: pickney
Bislama: pikinini
Jamaican Creole: pickney
Kriol: biginini
Pijin: pikinini
Torres Strait Creole: biginini, piknini
Tok Pisin: pikinini

Translations

black child — See also translations at black child

Greek: αραπάκι (el) n (arapáki)

Adjective

pickaninny (not comparable)

(now rare) Little, small. [from 18th c.]
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:pickaninny.

References

Ernest Giles, Australia Twice Traversed (1889) (confirms that the adjective meaning "little" is used in Australia)