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单词 phumula
释义

phumula

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?], from Proto-Bantu *-pʊ́ʊmʊda.

Verb

-phúmúla

  1. to rest

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?], from Proto-Bantu *-pʊ́ʊmʊda.

Verb

-phúmúla

  1. to rest

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?], from Proto-Bantu *-pʊ́ʊmʊda.

Verb

-phumúla

  1. (intransitive) to rest

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitiveukuphumula
PositiveNegative
Infinitiveukuphumulaukungaphumuli
Imperative
Simple+ object concord
Singularphumula-phumule
Pluralphumulani-phumuleni
Present
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiyaphumula, ngiphumulaengiphumulayo, engiphumulangiphumulaangiphumuliengingaphumulingingaphumuli
2nd singularuyaphumula, uphumulaophumulayo, ophumulauphumulaawuphumuliongaphumuliungaphumuli
1st pluralsiyaphumula, siphumulaesiphumulayo, esiphumulasiphumulaasiphumuliesingaphumulisingaphumuli
2nd pluralniyaphumula, niphumulaeniphumulayo, eniphumulaniphumulaaniphumulieningaphumuliningaphumuli
Class 1uyaphumula, uphumulaophumulayo, ophumulaephumulaakaphumuliongaphumuliengaphumuli
Class 2bayaphumula, baphumulaabaphumulayo, abaphumulabephumulaabaphumuliabangaphumulibengaphumuli
Class 3uyaphumula, uphumulaophumulayo, ophumulauphumulaawuphumuliongaphumuliungaphumuli
Class 4iyaphumula, iphumulaephumulayo, ephumulaiphumulaayiphumuliengaphumuliingaphumuli
Class 5liyaphumula, liphumulaeliphumulayo, eliphumulaliphumulaaliphumulielingaphumulilingaphumuli
Class 6ayaphumula, aphumulaaphumulayo, aphumulaephumulaawaphumuliangaphumuliengaphumuli
Class 7siyaphumula, siphumulaesiphumulayo, esiphumulasiphumulaasiphumuliesingaphumulisingaphumuli
Class 8ziyaphumula, ziphumulaeziphumulayo, eziphumulaziphumulaaziphumuliezingaphumulizingaphumuli
Class 9iyaphumula, iphumulaephumulayo, ephumulaiphumulaayiphumuliengaphumuliingaphumuli
Class 10ziyaphumula, ziphumulaeziphumulayo, eziphumulaziphumulaaziphumuliezingaphumulizingaphumuli
Class 11luyaphumula, luphumulaoluphumulayo, oluphumulaluphumulaaluphumuliolungaphumulilungaphumuli
Class 14buyaphumula, buphumulaobuphumulayo, obuphumulabuphumulaabuphumuliobungaphumulibungaphumuli
Class 15kuyaphumula, kuphumulaokuphumulayo, okuphumulakuphumulaakuphumuliokungaphumulikungaphumuli
Class 17kuyaphumula, kuphumulaokuphumulayo, okuphumulakuphumulaakuphumuliokungaphumulikungaphumuli
Recent past
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiphumulile, ngiphumulēengiphumulile, engiphumulēngiphumulile, ngiphumulēangiphumulangaengingaphumulangangingaphumulanga
2nd singularuphumulile, uphumulēophumulile, ophumulēuphumulile, uphumulēawuphumulangaongaphumulangaungaphumulanga
1st pluralsiphumulile, siphumulēesiphumulile, esiphumulēsiphumulile, siphumulēasiphumulangaesingaphumulangasingaphumulanga
2nd pluralniphumulile, niphumulēeniphumulile, eniphumulēniphumulile, niphumulēaniphumulangaeningaphumulanganingaphumulanga
Class 1uphumulile, uphumulēophumulile, ophumulēephumulile, ephumulēakaphumulangaongaphumulangaengaphumulanga
Class 2baphumulile, baphumulēabaphumulile, abaphumulēbephumulile, bephumulēabaphumulangaabangaphumulangabengaphumulanga
Class 3uphumulile, uphumulēophumulile, ophumulēuphumulile, uphumulēawuphumulangaongaphumulangaungaphumulanga
Class 4iphumulile, iphumulēephumulile, ephumulēiphumulile, iphumulēayiphumulangaengaphumulangaingaphumulanga
Class 5liphumulile, liphumulēeliphumulile, eliphumulēliphumulile, liphumulēaliphumulangaelingaphumulangalingaphumulanga
Class 6aphumulile, aphumulēaphumulile, aphumulēephumulile, ephumulēawaphumulangaangaphumulangaengaphumulanga
Class 7siphumulile, siphumulēesiphumulile, esiphumulēsiphumulile, siphumulēasiphumulangaesingaphumulangasingaphumulanga
Class 8ziphumulile, ziphumulēeziphumulile, eziphumulēziphumulile, ziphumulēaziphumulangaezingaphumulangazingaphumulanga
Class 9iphumulile, iphumulēephumulile, ephumulēiphumulile, iphumulēayiphumulangaengaphumulangaingaphumulanga
Class 10ziphumulile, ziphumulēeziphumulile, eziphumulēziphumulile, ziphumulēaziphumulangaezingaphumulangazingaphumulanga
Class 11luphumulile, luphumulēoluphumulile, oluphumulēluphumulile, luphumulēaluphumulangaolungaphumulangalungaphumulanga
Class 14buphumulile, buphumulēobuphumulile, obuphumulēbuphumulile, buphumulēabuphumulangaobungaphumulangabungaphumulanga
Class 15kuphumulile, kuphumulēokuphumulile, okuphumulēkuphumulile, kuphumulēakuphumulangaokungaphumulangakungaphumulanga
Class 17kuphumulile, kuphumulēokuphumulile, okuphumulēkuphumulile, kuphumulēakuphumulangaokungaphumulangakungaphumulanga
Remote past
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngāphumulaengāphumulangāphumulaangiphumulangaengingaphumulangangingaphumulanga
2nd singularwāphumulaowāphumulawāphumulaawuphumulangaongaphumulangaungaphumulanga
1st pluralsāphumulaesāphumulasāphumulaasiphumulangaesingaphumulangasingaphumulanga
2nd pluralnāphumulaenāphumulanāphumulaaniphumulangaeningaphumulanganingaphumulanga
Class 1wāphumulaowāphumulaāphumulaakaphumulangaongaphumulangaengaphumulanga
Class 2bāphumulaabāphumulabāphumulaabaphumulangaabangaphumulangabengaphumulanga
Class 3wāphumulaowāphumulawāphumulaawuphumulangaongaphumulangaungaphumulanga
Class 4yāphumulaeyāphumulayāphumulaayiphumulangaengaphumulangaingaphumulanga
Class 5lāphumulaelāphumulalāphumulaaliphumulangaelingaphumulangalingaphumulanga
Class 6āphumulaāphumulaāphumulaawaphumulangaangaphumulangaengaphumulanga
Class 7sāphumulaesāphumulasāphumulaasiphumulangaesingaphumulangasingaphumulanga
Class 8zāphumulaezāphumulazāphumulaaziphumulangaezingaphumulangazingaphumulanga
Class 9yāphumulaeyāphumulayāphumulaayiphumulangaengaphumulangaingaphumulanga
Class 10zāphumulaezāphumulazāphumulaaziphumulangaezingaphumulangazingaphumulanga
Class 11lwāphumulaolwāphumulalwāphumulaaluphumulangaolungaphumulangalungaphumulanga
Class 14bāphumulaobāphumulabāphumulaabuphumulangaobungaphumulangabungaphumulanga
Class 15kwāphumulaokwāphumulakwāphumulaakuphumulangaokungaphumulangakungaphumulanga
Class 17kwāphumulaokwāphumulakwāphumulaakuphumulangaokungaphumulangakungaphumulanga
Potential
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngingaphumula—ngingaphumulangingephumule—ngingephumule
2nd singularungaphumula—ungaphumulaungephumule—ungephumule
1st pluralsingaphumula—singaphumulasingephumule—singephumule
2nd pluralningaphumula—ningaphumulaningephumule—ningephumule
Class 1angaphumula—engaphumulaangephumule—engephumule
Class 2bangaphumula—bengaphumulabangephumule—bengephumule
Class 3ungaphumula—ungaphumulaungephumule—ungephumule
Class 4ingaphumula—ingaphumulaingephumule—ingephumule
Class 5lingaphumula—lingaphumulalingephumule—lingephumule
Class 6angaphumula—engaphumulaangephumule—engephumule
Class 7singaphumula—singaphumulasingephumule—singephumule
Class 8zingaphumula—zingaphumulazingephumule—zingephumule
Class 9ingaphumula—ingaphumulaingephumule—ingephumule
Class 10zingaphumula—zingaphumulazingephumule—zingephumule
Class 11lungaphumula—lungaphumulalungephumule—lungephumule
Class 14bungaphumula—bungaphumulabungephumule—bungephumule
Class 15kungaphumula—kungaphumulakungephumule—kungephumule
Class 17kungaphumula—kungaphumulakungephumule—kungephumule
Immediate future
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngizophumulaengizophumulangizophumulaangizuphumulaengingezuphumulangingezuphumula
2nd singularuzophumulaozophumulauzophumulaawuzuphumulaongezuphumulaungezuphumula
1st pluralsizophumulaesizophumulasizophumulaasizuphumulaesingezuphumulasingezuphumula
2nd pluralnizophumulaenizophumulanizophumulaanizuphumulaeningezuphumulaningezuphumula
Class 1uzophumulaozophumulaezophumulaakazuphumulaongezuphumulaengezuphumula
Class 2bazophumulaabazophumulabezophumulaabazuphumulaabangezuphumulabengezuphumula
Class 3uzophumulaozophumulauzophumulaawuzuphumulaongezuphumulaungezuphumula
Class 4izophumulaezophumulaizophumulaayizuphumulaengezuphumulaingezuphumula
Class 5lizophumulaelizophumulalizophumulaalizuphumulaelingezuphumulalingezuphumula
Class 6azophumulaazophumulaezophumulaawazuphumulaangezuphumulaengezuphumula
Class 7sizophumulaesizophumulasizophumulaasizuphumulaesingezuphumulasingezuphumula
Class 8zizophumulaezizophumulazizophumulaazizuphumulaezingezuphumulazingezuphumula
Class 9izophumulaezophumulaizophumulaayizuphumulaengezuphumulaingezuphumula
Class 10zizophumulaezizophumulazizophumulaazizuphumulaezingezuphumulazingezuphumula
Class 11luzophumulaoluzophumulaluzophumulaaluzuphumulaolungezuphumulalungezuphumula
Class 14buzophumulaobuzophumulabuzophumulaabuzuphumulaobungezuphumulabungezuphumula
Class 15kuzophumulaokuzophumulakuzophumulaakuzuphumulaokungezuphumulakungezuphumula
Class 17kuzophumulaokuzophumulakuzophumulaakuzuphumulaokungezuphumulakungezuphumula
Remote future
Positive absolutePositive relativePositive participialNegative absoluteNegative relativeNegative participial
1st singularngiyophumulaengiyophumulangiyophumulaangiyuphumulaengingeyuphumulangingeyuphumula
2nd singularuyophumulaoyophumulauyophumulaawuyuphumulaongeyuphumulaungeyuphumula
1st pluralsiyophumulaesiyophumulasiyophumulaasiyuphumulaesingeyuphumulasingeyuphumula
2nd pluralniyophumulaeniyophumulaniyophumulaaniyuphumulaeningeyuphumulaningeyuphumula
Class 1uyophumulaoyophumulaeyophumulaakayuphumulaongeyuphumulaengeyuphumula
Class 2bayophumulaabayophumulabeyophumulaabayuphumulaabangeyuphumulabengeyuphumula
Class 3uyophumulaoyophumulauyophumulaawuyuphumulaongeyuphumulaungeyuphumula
Class 4iyophumulaeyophumulaiyophumulaayiyuphumulaengeyuphumulaingeyuphumula
Class 5liyophumulaeliyophumulaliyophumulaaliyuphumulaelingeyuphumulalingeyuphumula
Class 6ayophumulaayophumulaeyophumulaawayuphumulaangeyuphumulaengeyuphumula
Class 7siyophumulaesiyophumulasiyophumulaasiyuphumulaesingeyuphumulasingeyuphumula
Class 8ziyophumulaeziyophumulaziyophumulaaziyuphumulaezingeyuphumulazingeyuphumula
Class 9iyophumulaeyophumulaiyophumulaayiyuphumulaengeyuphumulaingeyuphumula
Class 10ziyophumulaeziyophumulaziyophumulaaziyuphumulaezingeyuphumulazingeyuphumula
Class 11luyophumulaoluyophumulaluyophumulaaluyuphumulaolungeyuphumulalungeyuphumula
Class 14buyophumulaobuyophumulabuyophumulaabuyuphumulaobungeyuphumulabungeyuphumula
Class 15kuyophumulaokuyophumulakuyophumulaakuyuphumulaokungeyuphumulakungeyuphumula
Class 17kuyophumulaokuyophumulakuyophumulaakuyuphumulaokungeyuphumulakungeyuphumula
Present subjunctive
PositiveNegative
1st singularngiphumulengingaphumuli
2nd singularuphumuleungaphumuli
1st pluralsiphumulesingaphumuli
2nd pluralniphumuleningaphumuli
Class 1aphumuleangaphumuli
Class 2baphumulebangaphumuli
Class 3uphumuleungaphumuli
Class 4iphumuleingaphumuli
Class 5liphumulelingaphumuli
Class 6aphumuleangaphumuli
Class 7siphumulesingaphumuli
Class 8ziphumulezingaphumuli
Class 9iphumuleingaphumuli
Class 10ziphumulezingaphumuli
Class 11luphumulelungaphumuli
Class 14buphumulebungaphumuli
Class 15kuphumulekungaphumuli
Class 17kuphumulekungaphumuli
Past subjunctive
PositiveNegative
1st singularngaphumulangangaphumula, angaphumula, angangaphumula
2nd singularwaphumulawangaphumula, awaphumula, awangaphumula
1st pluralsaphumulasangaphumula, asaphumula, asangaphumula
2nd pluralnaphumulanangaphumula, anaphumula, anangaphumula
Class 1waphumulawangaphumula, akaphumula, akangaphumula
Class 2baphumulabangaphumula, abaphumula, abangaphumula
Class 3waphumulawangaphumula, awaphumula, awangaphumula
Class 4yaphumulayangaphumula, ayaphumula, ayangaphumula
Class 5laphumulalangaphumula, alaphumula, alangaphumula
Class 6aphumulaangaphumula, awaphumula, awangaphumula
Class 7saphumulasangaphumula, asaphumula, asangaphumula
Class 8zaphumulazangaphumula, azaphumula, azangaphumula
Class 9yaphumulayangaphumula, ayaphumula, ayangaphumula
Class 10zaphumulazangaphumula, azaphumula, azangaphumula
Class 11lwaphumulalwangaphumula, alwaphumula, alwangaphumula
Class 14baphumulabangaphumula, abaphumula, abangaphumula
Class 15kwaphumulakwangaphumula, akwaphumula, akwangaphumula
Class 17kwaphumulakwangaphumula, akwaphumula, akwangaphumula

References

  • C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “phumula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phumula (3.2.9)”
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