-a-

See also: -ǎ- and Appendix:Variations of "a"

English

Etymology 1

From of a (as in half-a-crown) or of (as in jack-a-napes from Middle English Jak of Naples). Some terms have fully incorporated the use, as ragamuffin and jackanape(s); others arise from mistaken assimilation to the form, as all-a-gog and cock-a-leekie.

Interfix

-a-

Connective interfix used in forming compounds, often no longer carrying a distinct meaning.
Synonym: o'

Derived terms

cock-a-hoop
cock-a-leekie
half-a-crown
jack-a-dandy
jack-a-lantern
Jack-a-Lent
jack-a-napes, jackanape
John-a-dreams
ragamuffin

Etymology 2

From earlier a (attested by the 14th c.), as a contraction of and and its various Middle English forms.

Conjunction

-a-

And
- 1746, Exmoor Scolding 3rd ed., 81
  Chem a laced well-a-fine aread
Synonyms: an', n'

Etymology 3

From French à (“various prepositions”) and related prepositions in other Romance languages. Also from related misunderstandings, as all-a-mort from French à la morte.

Alternative forms

à, -à-

Infix

-a-

Connective infix encountered in loanwords and phrases, generally no longer carrying a distinct meaning.

Derived terms

all-a-mort
mano-a-mano
vis-a-vis

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Infix

-a-

(chemistry) Replacing carbon, especially in a ring.

Etymology 5

The vowel of rat.

Infix

-a-

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody derived from a rat.

Related terms

-mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies

References

USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names, U.S. Pharmacopeia, 2000

Chichewa

Prefix

-a-

Forms the past perfect tense in verbs.

Usage notes

This contrasts with the simple past, -na-/-da-, which does not imply completion.

Hungarian

Interfix

-a-

A suffix-initial vowel (or linking vowel) inserted interconsonantally between the word stem and the suffix, to ease pronunciation, without contributing to the meaning.
‎fiatal (“young”) + ‎-a- + -bb → ‎fiatalabb (“younger”)

Irish

Etymology

Adapted from Latin -o-, originating ultimately from Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-).

Interfix

-a-

-o- (linking vowel between morphemes)

Derived terms

Irish terms interfixed with -a-

Lushootseed

Interfix

-a-

intrinsic derivational suffix or meaningless lexical linking element

Derived terms

Lushootseed terms interfixed with -a-

Mohawk

Interfix

-a-

joiner vowel used in noun incorporation
joiner vowel used when adding verb suffixes

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Derived from the earlier and Old Norse genitive suffixes -a and -ar used in compounds. Akin to -e-.

Interfix

-a-

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

Norwegian Nynorsk terms interfixed with -a-

Interfix

-a-

alternative form of -an-

Romani

Etymology

See -a.

Interfix

-a-

Forms the oblique singular stem of oikoclitic feminine nouns

Swedish

Etymology

In most words from an old plural genitive, Old Swedish -a, from Old Norse -a, e.g. gästabud (“feast, banquet”), from Old Swedish gæsta buþ, genitive plural of gæster (“guest”), modern Swedish gäst.
In some words from an old singular genitive, Old Swedish -a, -ar, from Old Norse -ar, e.g. dialectal veaträ (“log of wood”) from viþaträ, cf. Icelandic viðartré, standard Swedish vedträ.
Occasionally from an old singular genitive, Old Swedish -a, from Old Norse -a, the oblique form of weak masculines.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /a/

Interfix

-a-

(somewhat archaic or dialectal) Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds

Usage notes

Found in some common words like åratal (“years”) and barnavård (“child care”), but elsewhere mostly common in archaic or literary words like bergatroll (“mountain troll”), fiskafänge (“fishing catch”), jordagods (“landed property”), jordafärd (“funeral procession”), nådatid (“period of grace, respite”), örtagård (“herb garden”), fåraherde (“shepherd”).
More common in dialects, especially Göta and Southern dialects of Swedish, and therefore in words derived from those dialects, e.g. lealös (“loose-jointed”), nattamat (“nighttime snack”), ålagille (“eel party”), äggakaka (“egg cake”).

Derived terms

Swedish terms interfixed with -a-

bonna-

References

Teleman, Ulf; Hellberg, Staffan; Andersson, Erik & Holm, Lisa (1999). Svenska akademiens grammatik 2 Ord. Stockholm: Svenska akad.
Wessén, Elias (1958). Svensk språkhistoria. 2, Ordbildningslära. 3. ed. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell

单词	-a-
释义	-a- See also: -ǎ- and Appendix:Variations of "a" English Etymology 1 From of a (as in half-a-crown) or of (as in jack-a-napes from Middle English Jak of Naples). Some terms have fully incorporated the use, as ragamuffin and jackanape(s); others arise from mistaken assimilation to the form, as all-a-gog and cock-a-leekie. Interfix -a- Connective interfix used in forming compounds, often no longer carrying a distinct meaning. Synonym: o' Derived terms cock-a-hoop cock-a-leekie half-a-crown jack-a-dandy jack-a-lantern Jack-a-Lent jack-a-napes, jackanape John-a-dreams ragamuffin Etymology 2 From earlier a (attested by the 14th c.), as a contraction of and and its various Middle English forms. Conjunction -a- And 1746, Exmoor Scolding 3rd ed., 81 Chem a laced well-a-fine aread Synonyms: an', n' Etymology 3 From French à (“various prepositions”) and related prepositions in other Romance languages. Also from related misunderstandings, as all-a-mort from French à la morte. Alternative forms à, -à- Infix -a- Connective infix encountered in loanwords and phrases, generally no longer carrying a distinct meaning. Derived terms all-a-mort mano-a-mano vis-a-vis Etymology 4 (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Infix -a- (chemistry) Replacing carbon, especially in a ring. Etymology 5 The vowel of rat. Infix -a- (pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody derived from a rat. Related terms -mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies References USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names, U.S. Pharmacopeia, 2000 Chichewa Prefix -a- Forms the past perfect tense in verbs. Usage notes This contrasts with the simple past, -na-/-da-, which does not imply completion. Hungarian Interfix -a- A suffix-initial vowel (or linking vowel) inserted interconsonantally between the word stem and the suffix, to ease pronunciation, without contributing to the meaning. ‎fiatal (“young”) + ‎-a- + -bb → ‎fiatalabb (“younger”) See also -á- -e- -o- -ö- Irish Etymology Adapted from Latin -o-, originating ultimately from Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-). Interfix -a- -o- (linking vowel between morphemes) Derived terms Irish terms interfixed with -a- Lushootseed Interfix -a- intrinsic derivational suffix or meaningless lexical linking element Derived terms Lushootseed terms interfixed with -a- Mohawk Interfix -a- joiner vowel used in noun incorporation joiner vowel used when adding verb suffixes Norwegian Nynorsk Etymology 1 Derived from the earlier and Old Norse genitive suffixes -a and -ar used in compounds. Akin to -e-. Interfix -a- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text `{{rfdef}}`. Derived terms Norwegian Nynorsk terms interfixed with -a- Interfix -a- alternative form of -an- Romani Etymology See -a. Interfix -a- Forms the oblique singular stem of oikoclitic feminine nouns Swedish Etymology In most words from an old plural genitive, Old Swedish -a, from Old Norse -a, e.g. gästabud (“feast, banquet”), from Old Swedish gæsta buþ, genitive plural of gæster (“guest”), modern Swedish gäst. In some words from an old singular genitive, Old Swedish -a, -ar, from Old Norse -ar, e.g. dialectal veaträ (“log of wood”) from viþaträ, cf. Icelandic viðartré, standard Swedish vedträ. Occasionally from an old singular genitive, Old Swedish -a, from Old Norse -a, the oblique form of weak masculines. Pronunciation IPA^(key): /a/ Interfix -a- (somewhat archaic or dialectal) Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds Usage notes Found in some common words like åratal (“years”) and barnavård (“child care”), but elsewhere mostly common in archaic or literary words like bergatroll (“mountain troll”), fiskafänge (“fishing catch”), jordagods (“landed property”), jordafärd (“funeral procession”), nådatid (“period of grace, respite”), örtagård (“herb garden”), fåraherde (“shepherd”). More common in dialects, especially Göta and Southern dialects of Swedish, and therefore in words derived from those dialects, e.g. lealös (“loose-jointed”), nattamat (“nighttime snack”), ålagille (“eel party”), äggakaka (“egg cake”). Derived terms Swedish terms interfixed with -a- bonna- See also -e- References Teleman, Ulf; Hellberg, Staffan; Andersson, Erik & Holm, Lisa (1999). Svenska akademiens grammatik 2 Ord. Stockholm: Svenska akad. Wessén, Elias (1958). Svensk språkhistoria. 2, Ordbildningslära. 3. ed. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell
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