abolir
Asturian
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin abolēre.
Verb
abolir (first-person singular indicative present abolo, past participle abolíu)
- abolish (to end a law)
Conjugation
Conjugation of abolir
| infinitive | abolir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerundive | aboliendo | ||||||
| participle | m abolíu, f abolida, n abolío, m pl abolíos, f pl abolíes | ||||||
| person | first singular yo | second singular tu | third singular él/elli | first plural nosotros/nós | second plural vosotros/vós | third plural ellos | |
| indicative | present | abolo | aboles | abole | abolimos | abolís | abolen |
| preterite imperfect | abolía | abolíes | abolía | abolíemos/abolíamos | abolíeis/abolíais | abolíen | |
| preterite indefinite | abolí | aboliesti/abolisti | abolió | aboliemos/abolimos | aboliestis/abolistis | abolieron | |
| pluperfect | aboliere/aboliera | abolieres/abolieras | aboliere/aboliera | aboliéremos/aboliéramos | aboliereis/abolierais | abolieren/abolieran | |
| subjunctive | present | abola | abolas | abola | abolamos | aboláis | abolan |
| preterite imperfect | aboliere/aboliera | abolieres/abolieras | aboliere/aboliera | aboliéremos/aboliéramos | aboliereis/abolierais | abolieren/abolieran | |
| potential | future | aboliré | abolirás | abolirá | aboliremos | aboliréis | abolirán |
| conditional | aboliría | aboliríes | aboliría | aboliríemos/aboliríamos | aboliríeis/aboliríais | aboliríen | |
| imperative | aboli | abolíi | |||||
Related terms
- abolición
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin abolēre.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /ə.buˈli/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /a.boˈliɾ/
- Rhymes: -i(ɾ)
Verb
abolir (first-person singular present aboleixo, past participle abolit)
- to abolish
Conjugation
Conjugation of abolir (third conjugation with -eix- infix)
| infinitive | abolir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | abolint | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | abolit | abolida | |||||
| plural | abolits | abolides | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | aboleixo | aboleixes | aboleix | abolim | aboliu | aboleixen | |
| imperfect | abolia | abolies | abolia | abolíem | abolíeu | abolien | |
| future | aboliré | aboliràs | abolirà | abolirem | abolireu | aboliran | |
| preterite | abolí | abolires | abolí | abolírem | abolíreu | aboliren | |
| conditional | aboliria | aboliries | aboliria | aboliríem | aboliríeu | abolirien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | aboleixi | aboleixis | aboleixi | abolim | aboliu | aboleixin | |
| imperfect | abolís | abolissis | abolís | abolíssim | abolíssiu | abolissin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | aboleix | aboleixi | abolim | aboliu | aboleixin | ||
Related terms
- abolició
Further reading
- “abolir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “abolir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “abolir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “abolir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin abolēre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.bɔ.liʁ/
audio (file)
Verb
abolir
- (transitive) to abolish
- 1856, “Mémoire sur l'île de Chio présenté par M. Fustel de Coulanges, membre de l'École française d'Athènes”, in Archives des missions scientifiques et littéraires, volume 5, Paris, page 624:
- Plus tard, la démogérontie fit un marché avec le gouvernement, et, moyennant un droit fixe et annuel, elle fit abolir à la fois le monopole et l'impôt, et obtint que le commerce fût libre.
- Later, the Demogeronty made a deal with the government, and, by means of a fixed annual fee, it abolished both the monopoly and the tax, and obtained free trade.
-
Usage notes
- A distinction is drawn in legal usage between abolir and abroger, with the latter requiring a formal action, and is used (for example) of laws, whereas abolition is an incidental effect of other actions, or is not performed by a legislative body.
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of abolir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | abolir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | abolissant /a.bɔ.li.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | aboli /a.bɔ.li/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | abolis /a.bɔ.li/ | abolis /a.bɔ.li/ | abolit /a.bɔ.li/ | abolissons /a.bɔ.li.sɔ̃/ | abolissez /a.bɔ.li.se/ | abolissent /a.bɔ.lis/ |
| imperfect | abolissais /a.bɔ.li.sɛ/ | abolissais /a.bɔ.li.sɛ/ | abolissait /a.bɔ.li.sɛ/ | abolissions /a.bɔ.li.sjɔ̃/ | abolissiez /a.bɔ.li.sje/ | abolissaient /a.bɔ.li.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | abolis /a.bɔ.li/ | abolis /a.bɔ.li/ | abolit /a.bɔ.li/ | abolîmes /a.bɔ.lim/ | abolîtes /a.bɔ.lit/ | abolirent /a.bɔ.liʁ/ | |
| future | abolirai /a.bɔ.li.ʁe/ | aboliras /a.bɔ.li.ʁa/ | abolira /a.bɔ.li.ʁa/ | abolirons /a.bɔ.li.ʁɔ̃/ | abolirez /a.bɔ.li.ʁe/ | aboliront /a.bɔ.li.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | abolirais /a.bɔ.li.ʁɛ/ | abolirais /a.bɔ.li.ʁɛ/ | abolirait /a.bɔ.li.ʁɛ/ | abolirions /a.bɔ.li.ʁjɔ̃/ | aboliriez /a.bɔ.li.ʁje/ | aboliraient /a.bɔ.li.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | abolisse /a.bɔ.lis/ | abolisses /a.bɔ.lis/ | abolisse /a.bɔ.lis/ | abolissions /a.bɔ.li.sjɔ̃/ | abolissiez /a.bɔ.li.sje/ | abolissent /a.bɔ.lis/ |
| imperfect2 | abolisse /a.bɔ.lis/ | abolisses /a.bɔ.lis/ | abolît /a.bɔ.li/ | abolissions /a.bɔ.li.sjɔ̃/ | abolissiez /a.bɔ.li.sje/ | abolissent /a.bɔ.lis/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | abolis /a.bɔ.li/ | — | abolissons /a.bɔ.li.sɔ̃/ | abolissez /a.bɔ.li.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- abolitif
- abolition
References
- “abolir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Interlingua
Verb
abolir
- to abolish
Conjugation
Conjugation of abolir
| infinitive | abolir | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| participle | present | perfect | |
| aboliente | abolite | ||
| active | simple | perfect | |
| present | aboli | ha abolite | |
| past | aboliva | habeva abolite | |
| future | abolira | habera abolite | |
| conditional | abolirea | haberea abolite | |
| imperative | aboli | ||
| passive | simple | perfect | |
| present | es abolite | ha essite abolite | |
| past | esseva abolite | habeva essite abolite | |
| future | essera abolite | habera essite abolite | |
| conditional | esserea abolite | haberea essite abolite | |
| imperative | sia abolite | ||
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin abolēre (“destroy, abolish”), with change of conjugation.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /a.boˈli(ʁ)/ [a.boˈli(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /a.boˈli(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /a.boˈli(ʁ)/ [a.boˈli(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /a.boˈli(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ.buˈliɾ/ [ɐ.βuˈliɾ]
- Hyphenation: a‧bo‧lir
Verb
abolir (first-person singular present (Portugal only; missing in Brazil) abulo, third-person singular present abole, first-person singular preterite aboli, past participle abolido)
- (transitive) to abolish
Conjugation
Conjugation of abolir (u-o alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | abolir | |||||
| Personal | abolir | abolires | abolir | abolirmos | abolirdes | abolirem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| abolindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | abolido | abolidos | ||||
| Feminine | abolida | abolidas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | abulo1 | aboles | abole | abolimos | abolis | abolem |
| Imperfect | abolia | abolias | abolia | abolíamos | abolíeis | aboliam |
| Preterite | aboli | aboliste | aboliu | abolimos | abolistes | aboliram |
| Pluperfect | abolira | aboliras | abolira | abolíramos | abolíreis | aboliram |
| Future | abolirei | abolirás | abolirá | aboliremos | abolireis | abolirão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| aboliria | abolirias | aboliria | aboliríamos | aboliríeis | aboliriam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | abula1 | abulas1 | abula1 | abulamos1 | abulais1 | abulam1 |
| Imperfect | abolisse | abolisses | abolisse | abolíssemos | abolísseis | abolissem |
| Future | abolir | abolires | abolir | abolirmos | abolirdes | abolirem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | abole | abula1 | abulamos1 | aboli | abulam1 | |
| Negative (não) | não abulas1 | não abula1 | não abulamos1 | não abulais1 | não abulam1 | |
1Portugal only; missing in Brazil.
Related terms
- abolição
- abolitivo
Further reading
- “abolir” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin abolēre. First attested in 1500.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aboˈliɾ/ [a.β̞oˈliɾ]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: a‧bo‧lir
Verb
abolir (first-person singular present abolo, first-person singular preterite abolí, past participle abolido)
- (transitive) to abolish
- (transitive) to revoke
Conjugation
Conjugation of abolir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | abolir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | aboliendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | abolido | abolida | |||||
| plural | abolidos | abolidas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | abolo | abolestú abolísvos | abole | abolimos | abolís | abolen | |
| imperfect | abolía | abolías | abolía | abolíamos | abolíais | abolían | |
| preterite | abolí | aboliste | abolió | abolimos | abolisteis | abolieron | |
| future | aboliré | abolirás | abolirá | aboliremos | aboliréis | abolirán | |
| conditional | aboliría | abolirías | aboliría | aboliríamos | aboliríais | abolirían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | abola | abolastú abolásvos2 | abola | abolamos | aboláis | abolan | |
| imperfect (ra) | aboliera | abolieras | aboliera | aboliéramos | abolierais | abolieran | |
| imperfect (se) | aboliese | abolieses | aboliese | aboliésemos | abolieseis | aboliesen | |
| future1 | aboliere | abolieres | aboliere | aboliéremos | aboliereis | abolieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | aboletú abolívos | abola | abolamos | abolid | abolan | ||
| negative | no abolas | no abola | no abolamos | no aboláis | no abolan | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of abolir
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive abolir | |||||||
| dative | abolirme | abolirte | abolirle, abolirse | abolirnos | aboliros | abolirles, abolirse | |
| accusative | abolirme | abolirte | abolirlo, abolirla, abolirse | abolirnos | aboliros | abolirlos, abolirlas, abolirse | |
| with gerund aboliendo | |||||||
| dative | aboliéndome | aboliéndote | aboliéndole, aboliéndose | aboliéndonos | aboliéndoos | aboliéndoles, aboliéndose | |
| accusative | aboliéndome | aboliéndote | aboliéndolo, aboliéndola, aboliéndose | aboliéndonos | aboliéndoos | aboliéndolos, aboliéndolas, aboliéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative abole | |||||||
| dative | abóleme | abólete | abólele | abólenos | not used | abóleles | |
| accusative | abóleme | abólete | abólelo, abólela | abólenos | not used | abólelos, abólelas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative abolí | |||||||
| dative | abolime | abolite | abolile | abolinos | not used | aboliles | |
| accusative | abolime | abolite | abolilo, abolila | abolinos | not used | abolilos, abolilas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative abola | |||||||
| dative | abólame | not used | abólale, abólase | abólanos | not used | abólales | |
| accusative | abólame | not used | abólalo, abólala, abólase | abólanos | not used | abólalos, abólalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative abolamos | |||||||
| dative | not used | abolámoste | abolámosle | abolámonos | abolámoos | abolámosles | |
| accusative | not used | abolámoste | abolámoslo, abolámosla | abolámonos | abolámoos | abolámoslos, abolámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative abolid | |||||||
| dative | abolidme | not used | abolidle | abolidnos | abolíos | abolidles | |
| accusative | abolidme | not used | abolidlo, abolidla | abolidnos | abolíos | abolidlos, abolidlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative abolan | |||||||
| dative | abólanme | not used | abólanle | abólannos | not used | abólanles, abólanse | |
| accusative | abólanme | not used | abólanlo, abólanla | abólannos | not used | abólanlos, abólanlas, abólanse | |
Related terms
- abolición
References
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1984), “abolir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 17
Further reading
- “abolir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014