phasa
Zulu
Etymology
Borrowed from English pass.
Verb
-phása
- (intransitive) to pass, to succeed
- (transitive) to support
- (transitive) to pass, to succeed in
Inflection
Tone H | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukuphasa | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukuphasa | ukungaphasi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | phasa | -phase | |||||||
Plural | phasani | -phaseni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyaphasa, ngiphasa | engiphasayo, engiphasa | ngiphasa | angiphasi | engingaphasi | ngingaphasi | |||
2nd singular | uyaphasa, uphasa | ophasayo, ophasa | uphasa | awuphasi | ongaphasi | ungaphasi | |||
1st plural | siyaphasa, siphasa | esiphasayo, esiphasa | siphasa | asiphasi | esingaphasi | singaphasi | |||
2nd plural | niyaphasa, niphasa | eniphasayo, eniphasa | niphasa | aniphasi | eningaphasi | ningaphasi | |||
Class 1 | uyaphasa, uphasa | ophasayo, ophasa | ephasa | akaphasi | ongaphasi | engaphasi | |||
Class 2 | bayaphasa, baphasa | abaphasayo, abaphasa | bephasa | abaphasi | abangaphasi | bengaphasi | |||
Class 3 | uyaphasa, uphasa | ophasayo, ophasa | uphasa | awuphasi | ongaphasi | ungaphasi | |||
Class 4 | iyaphasa, iphasa | ephasayo, ephasa | iphasa | ayiphasi | engaphasi | ingaphasi | |||
Class 5 | liyaphasa, liphasa | eliphasayo, eliphasa | liphasa | aliphasi | elingaphasi | lingaphasi | |||
Class 6 | ayaphasa, aphasa | aphasayo, aphasa | ephasa | awaphasi | angaphasi | engaphasi | |||
Class 7 | siyaphasa, siphasa | esiphasayo, esiphasa | siphasa | asiphasi | esingaphasi | singaphasi | |||
Class 8 | ziyaphasa, ziphasa | eziphasayo, eziphasa | ziphasa | aziphasi | ezingaphasi | zingaphasi | |||
Class 9 | iyaphasa, iphasa | ephasayo, ephasa | iphasa | ayiphasi | engaphasi | ingaphasi | |||
Class 10 | ziyaphasa, ziphasa | eziphasayo, eziphasa | ziphasa | aziphasi | ezingaphasi | zingaphasi | |||
Class 11 | luyaphasa, luphasa | oluphasayo, oluphasa | luphasa | aluphasi | olungaphasi | lungaphasi | |||
Class 14 | buyaphasa, buphasa | obuphasayo, obuphasa | buphasa | abuphasi | obungaphasi | bungaphasi | |||
Class 15 | kuyaphasa, kuphasa | okuphasayo, okuphasa | kuphasa | akuphasi | okungaphasi | kungaphasi | |||
Class 17 | kuyaphasa, kuphasa | okuphasayo, okuphasa | kuphasa | akuphasi | okungaphasi | kungaphasi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiphasile, ngiphasē | engiphasile, engiphasē | ngiphasile, ngiphasē | angiphasanga | engingaphasanga | ngingaphasanga | |||
2nd singular | uphasile, uphasē | ophasile, ophasē | uphasile, uphasē | awuphasanga | ongaphasanga | ungaphasanga | |||
1st plural | siphasile, siphasē | esiphasile, esiphasē | siphasile, siphasē | asiphasanga | esingaphasanga | singaphasanga | |||
2nd plural | niphasile, niphasē | eniphasile, eniphasē | niphasile, niphasē | aniphasanga | eningaphasanga | ningaphasanga | |||
Class 1 | uphasile, uphasē | ophasile, ophasē | ephasile, ephasē | akaphasanga | ongaphasanga | engaphasanga | |||
Class 2 | baphasile, baphasē | abaphasile, abaphasē | bephasile, bephasē | abaphasanga | abangaphasanga | bengaphasanga | |||
Class 3 | uphasile, uphasē | ophasile, ophasē | uphasile, uphasē | awuphasanga | ongaphasanga | ungaphasanga | |||
Class 4 | iphasile, iphasē | ephasile, ephasē | iphasile, iphasē | ayiphasanga | engaphasanga | ingaphasanga | |||
Class 5 | liphasile, liphasē | eliphasile, eliphasē | liphasile, liphasē | aliphasanga | elingaphasanga | lingaphasanga | |||
Class 6 | aphasile, aphasē | aphasile, aphasē | ephasile, ephasē | awaphasanga | angaphasanga | engaphasanga | |||
Class 7 | siphasile, siphasē | esiphasile, esiphasē | siphasile, siphasē | asiphasanga | esingaphasanga | singaphasanga | |||
Class 8 | ziphasile, ziphasē | eziphasile, eziphasē | ziphasile, ziphasē | aziphasanga | ezingaphasanga | zingaphasanga | |||
Class 9 | iphasile, iphasē | ephasile, ephasē | iphasile, iphasē | ayiphasanga | engaphasanga | ingaphasanga | |||
Class 10 | ziphasile, ziphasē | eziphasile, eziphasē | ziphasile, ziphasē | aziphasanga | ezingaphasanga | zingaphasanga | |||
Class 11 | luphasile, luphasē | oluphasile, oluphasē | luphasile, luphasē | aluphasanga | olungaphasanga | lungaphasanga | |||
Class 14 | buphasile, buphasē | obuphasile, obuphasē | buphasile, buphasē | abuphasanga | obungaphasanga | bungaphasanga | |||
Class 15 | kuphasile, kuphasē | okuphasile, okuphasē | kuphasile, kuphasē | akuphasanga | okungaphasanga | kungaphasanga | |||
Class 17 | kuphasile, kuphasē | okuphasile, okuphasē | kuphasile, kuphasē | akuphasanga | okungaphasanga | kungaphasanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāphasa | engāphasa | ngāphasa | angiphasanga | engingaphasanga | ngingaphasanga | |||
2nd singular | wāphasa | owāphasa | wāphasa | awuphasanga | ongaphasanga | ungaphasanga | |||
1st plural | sāphasa | esāphasa | sāphasa | asiphasanga | esingaphasanga | singaphasanga | |||
2nd plural | nāphasa | enāphasa | nāphasa | aniphasanga | eningaphasanga | ningaphasanga | |||
Class 1 | wāphasa | owāphasa | āphasa | akaphasanga | ongaphasanga | engaphasanga | |||
Class 2 | bāphasa | abāphasa | bāphasa | abaphasanga | abangaphasanga | bengaphasanga | |||
Class 3 | wāphasa | owāphasa | wāphasa | awuphasanga | ongaphasanga | ungaphasanga | |||
Class 4 | yāphasa | eyāphasa | yāphasa | ayiphasanga | engaphasanga | ingaphasanga | |||
Class 5 | lāphasa | elāphasa | lāphasa | aliphasanga | elingaphasanga | lingaphasanga | |||
Class 6 | āphasa | āphasa | āphasa | awaphasanga | angaphasanga | engaphasanga | |||
Class 7 | sāphasa | esāphasa | sāphasa | asiphasanga | esingaphasanga | singaphasanga | |||
Class 8 | zāphasa | ezāphasa | zāphasa | aziphasanga | ezingaphasanga | zingaphasanga | |||
Class 9 | yāphasa | eyāphasa | yāphasa | ayiphasanga | engaphasanga | ingaphasanga | |||
Class 10 | zāphasa | ezāphasa | zāphasa | aziphasanga | ezingaphasanga | zingaphasanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāphasa | olwāphasa | lwāphasa | aluphasanga | olungaphasanga | lungaphasanga | |||
Class 14 | bāphasa | obāphasa | bāphasa | abuphasanga | obungaphasanga | bungaphasanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāphasa | okwāphasa | kwāphasa | akuphasanga | okungaphasanga | kungaphasanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāphasa | okwāphasa | kwāphasa | akuphasanga | okungaphasanga | kungaphasanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingaphasa | — | ngingaphasa | ngingephase | — | ngingephase | |||
2nd singular | ungaphasa | — | ungaphasa | ungephase | — | ungephase | |||
1st plural | singaphasa | — | singaphasa | singephase | — | singephase | |||
2nd plural | ningaphasa | — | ningaphasa | ningephase | — | ningephase | |||
Class 1 | angaphasa | — | engaphasa | angephase | — | engephase | |||
Class 2 | bangaphasa | — | bengaphasa | bangephase | — | bengephase | |||
Class 3 | ungaphasa | — | ungaphasa | ungephase | — | ungephase | |||
Class 4 | ingaphasa | — | ingaphasa | ingephase | — | ingephase | |||
Class 5 | lingaphasa | — | lingaphasa | lingephase | — | lingephase | |||
Class 6 | angaphasa | — | engaphasa | angephase | — | engephase | |||
Class 7 | singaphasa | — | singaphasa | singephase | — | singephase | |||
Class 8 | zingaphasa | — | zingaphasa | zingephase | — | zingephase | |||
Class 9 | ingaphasa | — | ingaphasa | ingephase | — | ingephase | |||
Class 10 | zingaphasa | — | zingaphasa | zingephase | — | zingephase | |||
Class 11 | lungaphasa | — | lungaphasa | lungephase | — | lungephase | |||
Class 14 | bungaphasa | — | bungaphasa | bungephase | — | bungephase | |||
Class 15 | kungaphasa | — | kungaphasa | kungephase | — | kungephase | |||
Class 17 | kungaphasa | — | kungaphasa | kungephase | — | kungephase | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizophasa | engizophasa | ngizophasa | angizuphasa | engingezuphasa | ngingezuphasa | |||
2nd singular | uzophasa | ozophasa | uzophasa | awuzuphasa | ongezuphasa | ungezuphasa | |||
1st plural | sizophasa | esizophasa | sizophasa | asizuphasa | esingezuphasa | singezuphasa | |||
2nd plural | nizophasa | enizophasa | nizophasa | anizuphasa | eningezuphasa | ningezuphasa | |||
Class 1 | uzophasa | ozophasa | ezophasa | akazuphasa | ongezuphasa | engezuphasa | |||
Class 2 | bazophasa | abazophasa | bezophasa | abazuphasa | abangezuphasa | bengezuphasa | |||
Class 3 | uzophasa | ozophasa | uzophasa | awuzuphasa | ongezuphasa | ungezuphasa | |||
Class 4 | izophasa | ezophasa | izophasa | ayizuphasa | engezuphasa | ingezuphasa | |||
Class 5 | lizophasa | elizophasa | lizophasa | alizuphasa | elingezuphasa | lingezuphasa | |||
Class 6 | azophasa | azophasa | ezophasa | awazuphasa | angezuphasa | engezuphasa | |||
Class 7 | sizophasa | esizophasa | sizophasa | asizuphasa | esingezuphasa | singezuphasa | |||
Class 8 | zizophasa | ezizophasa | zizophasa | azizuphasa | ezingezuphasa | zingezuphasa | |||
Class 9 | izophasa | ezophasa | izophasa | ayizuphasa | engezuphasa | ingezuphasa | |||
Class 10 | zizophasa | ezizophasa | zizophasa | azizuphasa | ezingezuphasa | zingezuphasa | |||
Class 11 | luzophasa | oluzophasa | luzophasa | aluzuphasa | olungezuphasa | lungezuphasa | |||
Class 14 | buzophasa | obuzophasa | buzophasa | abuzuphasa | obungezuphasa | bungezuphasa | |||
Class 15 | kuzophasa | okuzophasa | kuzophasa | akuzuphasa | okungezuphasa | kungezuphasa | |||
Class 17 | kuzophasa | okuzophasa | kuzophasa | akuzuphasa | okungezuphasa | kungezuphasa | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyophasa | engiyophasa | ngiyophasa | angiyuphasa | engingeyuphasa | ngingeyuphasa | |||
2nd singular | uyophasa | oyophasa | uyophasa | awuyuphasa | ongeyuphasa | ungeyuphasa | |||
1st plural | siyophasa | esiyophasa | siyophasa | asiyuphasa | esingeyuphasa | singeyuphasa | |||
2nd plural | niyophasa | eniyophasa | niyophasa | aniyuphasa | eningeyuphasa | ningeyuphasa | |||
Class 1 | uyophasa | oyophasa | eyophasa | akayuphasa | ongeyuphasa | engeyuphasa | |||
Class 2 | bayophasa | abayophasa | beyophasa | abayuphasa | abangeyuphasa | bengeyuphasa | |||
Class 3 | uyophasa | oyophasa | uyophasa | awuyuphasa | ongeyuphasa | ungeyuphasa | |||
Class 4 | iyophasa | eyophasa | iyophasa | ayiyuphasa | engeyuphasa | ingeyuphasa | |||
Class 5 | liyophasa | eliyophasa | liyophasa | aliyuphasa | elingeyuphasa | lingeyuphasa | |||
Class 6 | ayophasa | ayophasa | eyophasa | awayuphasa | angeyuphasa | engeyuphasa | |||
Class 7 | siyophasa | esiyophasa | siyophasa | asiyuphasa | esingeyuphasa | singeyuphasa | |||
Class 8 | ziyophasa | eziyophasa | ziyophasa | aziyuphasa | ezingeyuphasa | zingeyuphasa | |||
Class 9 | iyophasa | eyophasa | iyophasa | ayiyuphasa | engeyuphasa | ingeyuphasa | |||
Class 10 | ziyophasa | eziyophasa | ziyophasa | aziyuphasa | ezingeyuphasa | zingeyuphasa | |||
Class 11 | luyophasa | oluyophasa | luyophasa | aluyuphasa | olungeyuphasa | lungeyuphasa | |||
Class 14 | buyophasa | obuyophasa | buyophasa | abuyuphasa | obungeyuphasa | bungeyuphasa | |||
Class 15 | kuyophasa | okuyophasa | kuyophasa | akuyuphasa | okungeyuphasa | kungeyuphasa | |||
Class 17 | kuyophasa | okuyophasa | kuyophasa | akuyuphasa | okungeyuphasa | kungeyuphasa | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngiphase | ngingaphasi | |||||||
2nd singular | uphase | ungaphasi | |||||||
1st plural | siphase | singaphasi | |||||||
2nd plural | niphase | ningaphasi | |||||||
Class 1 | aphase | angaphasi | |||||||
Class 2 | baphase | bangaphasi | |||||||
Class 3 | uphase | ungaphasi | |||||||
Class 4 | iphase | ingaphasi | |||||||
Class 5 | liphase | lingaphasi | |||||||
Class 6 | aphase | angaphasi | |||||||
Class 7 | siphase | singaphasi | |||||||
Class 8 | ziphase | zingaphasi | |||||||
Class 9 | iphase | ingaphasi | |||||||
Class 10 | ziphase | zingaphasi | |||||||
Class 11 | luphase | lungaphasi | |||||||
Class 14 | buphase | bungaphasi | |||||||
Class 15 | kuphase | kungaphasi | |||||||
Class 17 | kuphase | kungaphasi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngaphasa | ngangaphasa, angaphasa, angangaphasa | |||||||
2nd singular | waphasa | wangaphasa, awaphasa, awangaphasa | |||||||
1st plural | saphasa | sangaphasa, asaphasa, asangaphasa | |||||||
2nd plural | naphasa | nangaphasa, anaphasa, anangaphasa | |||||||
Class 1 | waphasa | wangaphasa, akaphasa, akangaphasa | |||||||
Class 2 | baphasa | bangaphasa, abaphasa, abangaphasa | |||||||
Class 3 | waphasa | wangaphasa, awaphasa, awangaphasa | |||||||
Class 4 | yaphasa | yangaphasa, ayaphasa, ayangaphasa | |||||||
Class 5 | laphasa | langaphasa, alaphasa, alangaphasa | |||||||
Class 6 | aphasa | angaphasa, awaphasa, awangaphasa | |||||||
Class 7 | saphasa | sangaphasa, asaphasa, asangaphasa | |||||||
Class 8 | zaphasa | zangaphasa, azaphasa, azangaphasa | |||||||
Class 9 | yaphasa | yangaphasa, ayaphasa, ayangaphasa | |||||||
Class 10 | zaphasa | zangaphasa, azaphasa, azangaphasa | |||||||
Class 11 | lwaphasa | lwangaphasa, alwaphasa, alwangaphasa | |||||||
Class 14 | baphasa | bangaphasa, abaphasa, abangaphasa | |||||||
Class 15 | kwaphasa | kwangaphasa, akwaphasa, akwangaphasa | |||||||
Class 17 | kwaphasa | kwangaphasa, akwaphasa, akwangaphasa |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “phasa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phasa (3.9)”