petrificar
Asturian
Verb
petrificar (first-person singular indicative present petrifico, past participle petrificáu)
- petrify (to harden organic matter by depositing dissolved minerals)
Conjugation
Conjugation of petrificar
| infinitive | petrificar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | petrificando | ||||||
| past participle | m petrificáu, f petrificada, n petrificao, m pl petrificaos, f pl petrificaes | ||||||
| person | first singular yo | second singular tu | third singular él/elli | first plural nosotros/nós | second plural vosotros/vós | third plural ellos | |
| indicative | present | petrifico | petrifices | petrifica | petrificamos | petrificáis | petrificen |
| imperfect | petrificaba | petrificabes | petrificaba | petrificábemos, petrificábamos | petrificabeis, petrificabais | petrificaben | |
| preterite | petrificé | petrificasti, petrificesti | petrificó | petrificemos | petrificastis, petrificestis | petrificaron | |
| pluperfect | petrificare, petrificara | petrificares, petrificaras | petrificare, petrificara | petrificáremos, petrificáramos | petrificareis, petrificarais | petrificaren, petrificaran | |
| future | petrificaré | petrificarás | petrificará | petrificaremos | petrificaréis | petrificarán | |
| conditional | petrificaría | petrificaríes | petrificaría | petrificaríemos, petrificaríamos | petrificaríeis, petrificaríais | petrificaríen | |
| subjunctive | present | petrifice | petrifices, petrificas | petrifice | petrificemos | petrificéis | petrificen, petrifican |
| imperfect | petrificare, petrificara | petrificares, petrificaras | petrificare, petrificara | petrificáremos, petrificáramos | petrificareis, petrificarais | petrificaren, petrificaran | |
| imperative | — | petrifica | — | — | petrificái | — | |
Portuguese
Verb
petrificar (first-person singular present petrifico, first-person singular preterite petrifiquei, past participle petrificado)
- (transitive) to petrify, to produce rigidity
Conjugation
Conjugation of petrificar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | petrificar | |||||
| Personal | petrificar | petrificares | petrificar | petrificarmos | petrificardes | petrificarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| petrificando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | petrificado | petrificados | ||||
| Feminine | petrificada | petrificadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | petrifico | petrificas | petrifica | petrificamos | petrificais | petrificam |
| Imperfect | petrificava | petrificavas | petrificava | petrificávamos | petrificáveis | petrificavam |
| Preterite | petrifiquei | petrificaste | petrificou | petrificamos1, petrificámos2 | petrificastes | petrificaram |
| Pluperfect | petrificara | petrificaras | petrificara | petrificáramos | petrificáreis | petrificaram |
| Future | petrificarei | petrificarás | petrificará | petrificaremos | petrificareis | petrificarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| petrificaria | petrificarias | petrificaria | petrificaríamos | petrificaríeis | petrificariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | petrifique | petrifiques | petrifique | petrifiquemos | petrifiqueis | petrifiquem |
| Imperfect | petrificasse | petrificasses | petrificasse | petrificássemos | petrificásseis | petrificassem |
| Future | petrificar | petrificares | petrificar | petrificarmos | petrificardes | petrificarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | petrifica | petrifique | petrifiquemos | petrificai | petrifiquem | |
| Negative (não) | não petrifiques | não petrifique | não petrifiquemos | não petrifiqueis | não petrifiquem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Related terms
- petrificação
Further reading
- “petrificar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Etymology
From Medieval Latin petrificāre, present active infinitive of petrificō (“to petrify”), from the compounding of petra (“stone, rock”) and -ficō, a suffix from faciō (“to make”). The term petra is from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra, “stone, rock”); further etymology unknown.
Verb
petrificar (first-person singular present petrifico, first-person singular preterite petrifiqué, past participle petrificado)
- (transitive) to petrify
Conjugation
Conjugation of petrificar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | petrificar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | petrificando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | petrificado | petrificada | |||||
| plural | petrificados | petrificadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | petrifico | petrificastú petrificásvos | petrifica | petrificamos | petrificáis | petrifican | |
| imperfect | petrificaba | petrificabas | petrificaba | petrificábamos | petrificabais | petrificaban | |
| preterite | petrifiqué | petrificaste | petrificó | petrificamos | petrificasteis | petrificaron | |
| future | petrificaré | petrificarás | petrificará | petrificaremos | petrificaréis | petrificarán | |
| conditional | petrificaría | petrificarías | petrificaría | petrificaríamos | petrificaríais | petrificarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | petrifique | petrifiquestú petrifiquésvos2 | petrifique | petrifiquemos | petrifiquéis | petrifiquen | |
| imperfect (ra) | petrificara | petrificaras | petrificara | petrificáramos | petrificarais | petrificaran | |
| imperfect (se) | petrificase | petrificases | petrificase | petrificásemos | petrificaseis | petrificasen | |
| future1 | petrificare | petrificares | petrificare | petrificáremos | petrificareis | petrificaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | petrificatú petrificávos | petrifique | petrifiquemos | petrificad | petrifiquen | ||
| negative | no petrifiques | no petrifique | no petrifiquemos | no petrifiquéis | no petrifiquen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of petrificar (c-qu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive petrificar | |||||||
| dative | petrificarme | petrificarte | petrificarle, petrificarse | petrificarnos | petrificaros | petrificarles, petrificarse | |
| accusative | petrificarme | petrificarte | petrificarlo, petrificarla, petrificarse | petrificarnos | petrificaros | petrificarlos, petrificarlas, petrificarse | |
| with gerund petrificando | |||||||
| dative | petrificándome | petrificándote | petrificándole, petrificándose | petrificándonos | petrificándoos | petrificándoles, petrificándose | |
| accusative | petrificándome | petrificándote | petrificándolo, petrificándola, petrificándose | petrificándonos | petrificándoos | petrificándolos, petrificándolas, petrificándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative petrifica | |||||||
| dative | petrifícame | petrifícate | petrifícale | petrifícanos | not used | petrifícales | |
| accusative | petrifícame | petrifícate | petrifícalo, petrifícala | petrifícanos | not used | petrifícalos, petrifícalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative petrificá | |||||||
| dative | petrificame | petrificate | petrificale | petrificanos | not used | petrificales | |
| accusative | petrificame | petrificate | petrificalo, petrificala | petrificanos | not used | petrificalos, petrificalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative petrifique | |||||||
| dative | petrifíqueme | not used | petrifíquele, petrifíquese | petrifíquenos | not used | petrifíqueles | |
| accusative | petrifíqueme | not used | petrifíquelo, petrifíquela, petrifíquese | petrifíquenos | not used | petrifíquelos, petrifíquelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative petrifiquemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | petrifiquémoste | petrifiquémosle | petrifiquémonos | petrifiquémoos | petrifiquémosles | |
| accusative | not used | petrifiquémoste | petrifiquémoslo, petrifiquémosla | petrifiquémonos | petrifiquémoos | petrifiquémoslos, petrifiquémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative petrificad | |||||||
| dative | petrificadme | not used | petrificadle | petrificadnos | petrificaos | petrificadles | |
| accusative | petrificadme | not used | petrificadlo, petrificadla | petrificadnos | petrificaos | petrificadlos, petrificadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative petrifiquen | |||||||
| dative | petrifíquenme | not used | petrifíquenle | petrifíquennos | not used | petrifíquenles, petrifíquense | |
| accusative | petrifíquenme | not used | petrifíquenlo, petrifíquenla | petrifíquennos | not used | petrifíquenlos, petrifíquenlas, petrifíquense | |
Related terms
- petrificación
Further reading
- “petrificar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014