pervertir
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin pervertō.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /pəɾ.vəɾˈti/
- (Central) IPA(key): /pər.bərˈti/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /peɾ.veɾˈtiɾ/
Verb
pervertir (first-person singular present perverteixo, past participle pervertit)
- (transitive) to pervert
Conjugation
infinitive | pervertir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | pervertint | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | pervertit | pervertida | |||||
plural | pervertits | pervertides | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
present | perverteixo | perverteixes | perverteix | pervertim | pervertiu | perverteixen | |
imperfect | pervertia | perverties | pervertia | pervertíem | pervertíeu | pervertien | |
future | pervertiré | pervertiràs | pervertirà | pervertirem | pervertireu | pervertiran | |
preterite | pervertí | pervertires | pervertí | pervertírem | pervertíreu | pervertiren | |
conditional | pervertiria | pervertiries | pervertiria | pervertiríem | pervertiríeu | pervertirien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
present | perverteixi | perverteixis | perverteixi | pervertim | pervertiu | perverteixin | |
imperfect | pervertís | pervertissis | pervertís | pervertíssim | pervertíssiu | pervertissin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
— | perverteix | perverteixi | pervertim | pervertiu | perverteixin |
Related terms
- pervers
- perversió
Further reading
- “pervertir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “pervertir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “pervertir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “pervertir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin pervertere, pervertō with change of conjugation class.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tiʁ/
(file) (file)
Verb
pervertir
- to worsen; to corrupt
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | pervertir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | pervertissant /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | perverti /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | pervertit /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | pervertissons /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/ | pervertissez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.se/ | pervertissent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ |
imperfect | pervertissais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ | pervertissais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ | pervertissait /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ | pervertissions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ | pervertissiez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/ | pervertissaient /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | pervertit /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | pervertîmes /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tim/ | pervertîtes /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tit/ | pervertirent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tiʁ/ | |
future | pervertirai /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/ | pervertiras /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/ | pervertira /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/ | pervertirons /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | pervertirez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/ | pervertiront /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | pervertirais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ | pervertirais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ | pervertirait /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ | pervertirions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ | pervertiriez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁje/ | pervertiraient /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | pervertisse /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ | pervertisses /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ | pervertisse /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ | pervertissions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ | pervertissiez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/ | pervertissent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ |
imperfect2 | pervertisse /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ | pervertisses /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ | pervertît /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | pervertissions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ | pervertissiez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/ | pervertissent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | — | pervertissons /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/ | pervertissez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.se/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
- pervers
- perversion
- perverti
Further reading
- “pervertir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
Etymology
Latin pervertō
Verb
pervertir
- (transitive) to lead astray
- (intransitive) to be led astray
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | pervertir | avoir perverti | |||||
gerund | en pervertissant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | pervertissant | ||||||
past participle | perverti | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses | present | pervertis | pervertis | pervertist | pervertissons | pervertissez | pervertissent |
imperfect | pervertissoie, pervertisseie | pervertissoies, pervertisseies | pervertissoit, pervertisseit | pervertissiiens, pervertissiens | pervertissiiez, pervertissiez | pervertissoient, pervertisseient | |
preterite | perverti | pervertis | perverti | pervertimes | pervertistes | pervertirent | |
future | pervertirai | pervertiras | pervertira | pervertirons | pervertiroiz, pervertireiz, pervertirez | pervertiront | |
conditional | pervertiroie, pervertireie | pervertiroies, pervertireies | pervertiroit, pervertireit | pervertiriiens, pervertiriens | pervertiriiez, pervertiriez | pervertiroient, pervertireient | |
compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses | present | pervertisse | pervertisses | pervertisse | pervertissons | pervertissez | pervertissent |
imperfect | pervertisse | pervertisses | pervertist | pervertissons, pervertissiens | pervertissoiz, pervertissez, pervertissiez | pervertissent | |
compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | pervertis | — | pervertissons | pervertissez | — |
Descendants
- English: to pervert
- French: pervertir
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin pervertere, present active infinitive of pervertō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /peɾbeɾˈtiɾ/ [peɾ.β̞eɾˈt̪iɾ]
- Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: per‧ver‧tir
Verb
pervertir (first-person singular present pervierto, first-person singular preterite pervertí, past participle pervertido)
- (transitive) to pervert, lead astray, garble, corrupt
Conjugation
infinitive | pervertir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | pervirtiendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | pervertido | pervertida | |||||
plural | pervertidos | pervertidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | pervierto | perviertestú pervertísvos | pervierte | pervertimos | pervertís | pervierten | |
imperfect | pervertía | pervertías | pervertía | pervertíamos | pervertíais | pervertían | |
preterite | pervertí | pervertiste | pervirtió | pervertimos | pervertisteis | pervirtieron | |
future | pervertiré | pervertirás | pervertirá | pervertiremos | pervertiréis | pervertirán | |
conditional | pervertiría | pervertirías | pervertiría | pervertiríamos | pervertiríais | pervertirían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | pervierta | perviertastú pervirtásvos2 | pervierta | pervirtamos | pervirtáis | perviertan | |
imperfect (ra) | pervirtiera | pervirtieras | pervirtiera | pervirtiéramos | pervirtierais | pervirtieran | |
imperfect (se) | pervirtiese | pervirtieses | pervirtiese | pervirtiésemos | pervirtieseis | pervirtiesen | |
future1 | pervirtiere | pervirtieres | pervirtiere | pervirtiéremos | pervirtiereis | pervirtieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | perviertetú pervertívos | pervierta | pervirtamos | pervertid | perviertan | ||
negative | no perviertas | no pervierta | no pervirtamos | no pervirtáis | no perviertan |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive pervertir | |||||||
dative | pervertirme | pervertirte | pervertirle, pervertirse | pervertirnos | pervertiros | pervertirles, pervertirse | |
accusative | pervertirme | pervertirte | pervertirlo, pervertirla, pervertirse | pervertirnos | pervertiros | pervertirlos, pervertirlas, pervertirse | |
with gerund pervirtiendo | |||||||
dative | pervirtiéndome | pervirtiéndote | pervirtiéndole, pervirtiéndose | pervirtiéndonos | pervirtiéndoos | pervirtiéndoles, pervirtiéndose | |
accusative | pervirtiéndome | pervirtiéndote | pervirtiéndolo, pervirtiéndola, pervirtiéndose | pervirtiéndonos | pervirtiéndoos | pervirtiéndolos, pervirtiéndolas, pervirtiéndose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative pervierte | |||||||
dative | perviérteme | perviértete | perviértele | perviértenos | not used | perviérteles | |
accusative | perviérteme | perviértete | perviértelo, perviértela | perviértenos | not used | perviértelos, perviértelas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative pervertí | |||||||
dative | pervertime | pervertite | pervertile | pervertinos | not used | pervertiles | |
accusative | pervertime | pervertite | pervertilo, pervertila | pervertinos | not used | pervertilos, pervertilas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative pervierta | |||||||
dative | perviértame | not used | perviértale, perviértase | perviértanos | not used | perviértales | |
accusative | perviértame | not used | perviértalo, perviértala, perviértase | perviértanos | not used | perviértalos, perviértalas | |
with first-person plural imperative pervirtamos | |||||||
dative | not used | pervirtámoste | pervirtámosle | pervirtámonos | pervirtámoos | pervirtámosles | |
accusative | not used | pervirtámoste | pervirtámoslo, pervirtámosla | pervirtámonos | pervirtámoos | pervirtámoslos, pervirtámoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative pervertid | |||||||
dative | pervertidme | not used | pervertidle | pervertidnos | pervertíos | pervertidles | |
accusative | pervertidme | not used | pervertidlo, pervertidla | pervertidnos | pervertíos | pervertidlos, pervertidlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative perviertan | |||||||
dative | perviértanme | not used | perviértanle | perviértannos | not used | perviértanles, perviértanse | |
accusative | perviértanme | not used | perviértanlo, perviértanla | perviértannos | not used | perviértanlos, perviértanlas, perviértanse |
Related terms
- perverso
- perversidad
- perversión
- verter
Further reading
- “pervertir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014