perna

perna

See also: Perna, perná, pernă, pērna, and pērnā

Cornish

Etymology

From Middle Cornish prena, from Proto-Brythonic *prɨnad, from Proto-Celtic *kʷrinati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷrinéh₂ti ~ *kʷrinh₂énti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pernə/

Verb

perna

1. (Revived Late Cornish) to buy

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Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *perna, possibly from Indo-Iranian[1], cognate with Estonian põrn (“spleen”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpernɑ/, [ˈpe̞rnɑ]
• Rhymes: -ernɑ
• Syllabification^(key): per‧na

Noun

perna

1. (anatomy) spleen

Declension

Inflection of perna (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		perna	pernat
genitive		pernan	pernojen
partitive		pernaa	pernoja
illative		pernaan	pernoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		perna	pernat
accusative	nom.	perna	pernat
	gen.	pernan
genitive		pernan	pernojen pernainrare
partitive		pernaa	pernoja
inessive		pernassa	pernoissa
elative		pernasta	pernoista
illative		pernaan	pernoihin
adessive		pernalla	pernoilla
ablative		pernalta	pernoilta
allative		pernalle	pernoille
essive		pernana	pernoina
translative		pernaksi	pernoiksi
instructive		—	pernoin
abessive		pernatta	pernoitta
comitative		—	pernoineen

Possessive forms of perna (type kala)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	pernani	pernamme
2nd person	pernasi	pernanne
3rd person	pernansa

Synonyms

• lien, splen (medical vocabulary)

Derived terms

• pernarutto

References

1. Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

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Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese perna (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin perna. Cognate with Portuguese perna and Spanish pierna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛɾna̝/

Noun

perna f (plural pernas)

1. leg
   • 1435, A. López Carreira, Fragmentos de notarios, doc. E2-8:

     ... que aderençaran ao dito Goterre Afonso et que o dito Fernando de Mourelos que sacara a espada da beyna contra o dito Goterre Afonso por lo matar, et seus conpaneiros como lo viran sacar que o ajudaran contra o dito Goterre Afonso, do qual lle logo deran huna grande ferida en huna perna esqerda, en que o feriran debayxo do gionllo ata o qualquanar

     ... they approached said Goterre Afonso and that the mentioned Fernando de Mourelos extracted the sword from its scabbard against said Goterre Afonso, for killing him; and his companions, as they saw this, helped him against said Goterre Afonso, and consequently he gave him a large wound in the left leg, in which he injured him from under the knee till the heel

2. (anatomy) shin, the region between the knee and ankle

See also

• coxa

References

• “perna” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “perna” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “perna” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “perna” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “perna” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

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Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese perna. Cognate with Kabuverdianu perna.

Noun

perna

1. leg

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Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese perna.

Noun

perna

1. leg

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Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈper.na/, [ˈpɛrnä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈper.na/, [ˈpɛrnä]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *persnā, from Proto-Indo-European *tpḗrsneh₂ (“heel”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πτέρνη (ptérnē), Sanskrit पार्ष्णि (pā́rṣṇi), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌶𐌽𐌰 (fairzna, “heel”), Persian پاشنه‎ (pâšne, “heel”).

Noun

perna f (genitive pernae); first declension

1. A haunch or ham together with the leg, gammon.
2. (of animals) A thigh-bone, with the meat upon it to the knee-joint, a leg of pork, a ham or gammon of bacon.
3. a kind of mussel

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	perna	pernae
Genitive	pernae	pernārum
Dative	pernae	pernīs
Accusative	pernam	pernās
Ablative	pernā	pernīs
Vocative	perna	pernae

Derived terms

• pernārius

Descendants

• Ancient Greek: πέρνα (pérna)
• Asturian: pierna
• Catalan: perna
• Galician: perna
• Italian: perno
• Portuguese: perna
• Sicilian: perna
• Spanish: pierna
• → Translingual: Perna

Etymology 2

See perula.

Noun

perna f (genitive pernae); first declension

1. Alternative form of perula

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	perna	pernae
Genitive	pernae	pernārum
Dative	pernae	pernīs
Accusative	pernam	pernās
Ablative	pernā	pernīs
Vocative	perna	pernae

References

• “perna”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “perna”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• perna in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• perna in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Jan Frederik Niermeyer, Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus : Lexique Latin Médiéval–Français/Anglais : A Medieval Latin–French/English Dictionary, fascicle I (1976), page 789/1, “perna”

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Portuguese

pernas

Etymology

From Old Portuguese perna, from Latin perna, from Proto-Indo-European *tpḗrsneh₂ (“heel”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛʁ.nɐ/ [ˈpɛɦ.nɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛʁ.nɐ/ [ˈpɛɦ.nɐ]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛɾ.nɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛʁ.nɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛɻ.na/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛɾ.nɐ/

• Hyphenation: per‧na

• Audio (Brazil)

  (file)

Noun

perna f (plural pernas)

1. leg
2. stint

Derived terms

• perneta