performance
English
Alternative forms
- performaunce (obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle English parfourmaunce; equivalent to perform + -ance.
Pronunciation
- enPR: pər-fôrʹ-məns, IPA(key): /pəɹ.ˈfɔɹ.məns/
- (UK) IPA(key): [pə.ˈfɔː.məns]
- (US) IPA(key): [pɚ.ˈfɔɹ.məns]
Audio (GA) (file)
- Hyphenation: per‧for‧mance
Noun
performance (countable and uncountable, plural performances)
- The act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action.
- the performance of an undertaking or a duty
- Though the result wasn't what we were hoping for, I have to commend the performance of the team, never giving up until the end.
- 1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax:
- Charles had not been employed above six months at Darracott Place, but he was not such a whopstraw as to make the least noise in the performance of his duties when his lordship was out of humour.
- That which is performed or accomplished; a thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat; especially, an action of an elaborate or public character.
- (art) A live show or concert.
- The band played a mix of old and new songs during their 90-minute performance.
- We saw the whole ballet performance from the front row.
- The amount of useful work accomplished estimated in terms of time needed, resources used, etc.
- Better performance means more work accomplished in shorter time and/or using fewer resources.
- (linguistics) The actual use of language in concrete situations by native speakers of a language, as opposed to the system of linguistic knowledge they possess (competence), cf. linguistic performance.
Usage notes
- Adjectives often applied to "performance": high, poor, improved, superior, excellent, good, peak, top, optimal, low, economic, academic, financial, musical, human, environmental, vocal, cognitive, dynamic, organizational, historical, physical, social, mechanical, electrical, mental, macroeconomic.
Hyponyms
- command performance
- concert
- movie
- play
- show
Derived terms
- high-performance
- low-performance
- performance art
Related terms
- performant
Descendants
- → Albanian: performancë
- → Catalan: performance
- → Danish: performance
- → French: performance
- → Turkish: performans
- → German: Performance
- → Italian: performance
- → Japanese: パフォーマンス (pafōmansu)
- → Portuguese: performance
- → Spanish: performance
- → Swedish: performance
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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References
- performance at OneLook Dictionary Search
- performance in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- performance in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911
Catalan
Etymology
From English performance.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /perˈfɔrməns/[1]
Noun
performance f (plural performances)
- performance (a live show or concert)
References
- "performance" at ésAdir
Further reading
- “performance”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
French
Etymology
Borrowed from English performance.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɛʁ.fɔʁ.mɑ̃s/
audio (file) Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɑ̃s
Noun
performance f (plural performances)
- (sports) performance
Descendants
- → Turkish: performans
Further reading
- “performance”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from English performance.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /perˈfɔr.mans/[1]
- Rhymes: -ɔrmans
Noun
performance f (invariable)
- performance
Synonyms
- (the act of performing) esecuzione
- (accomplishment) prestazione, rendimento
- (show) esibizione
References
- performance in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Further reading
- performance in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- perfórmance (uncommon)
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from English performance.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /peʁˈfɔʁ.mɐ̃.si/ [pehˈfɔɦ.mɐ̃.si]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /peɾˈfɔɾ.mɐ̃.si/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /peʁˈfɔʁ.mɐ̃.si/ [peχˈfɔʁ.mɐ̃.si]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /peɻˈfɔɻ.mɐ̃.se/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨɾˈfɔɾ.mɐ̃.s(ɨ)/, /pɛɾˈfɔɾ.mɐ̃.s(ɨ)/
Noun
performance f (plural performances)
- performance (amount of useful work accomplished by someone or something)
- Synonym: desempenho
Further reading
- “performance” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from English performance.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /peɾˈfoɾmans/ [peɾˈfoɾ.mãns]
- Rhymes: -oɾmans
- IPA(key): (sometimes) /ˈpeɾfoɾmans/ [ˈpeɾ.foɾ.mãns]
- Rhymes: -eɾfoɾmans
Noun
performance f (plural performances)
- performance art
- performance (amount of useful work accomplished)
Usage notes
According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.
Further reading
- “performance”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014