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单词 perfect
释义

perfect

English

This can be perceived by the human eye as a perfect circle (i.e. completely round, without imperfections) and perfectly black (i.e. without reflecting any light).

Alternative forms

  • perfite, perfight (obsolete)
  • pf. (abbreviation, grammar)

Etymology 1

From Middle English perfit, from Old French parfit (modern: parfait), from Latin perfectus, perfect passive participle of perficere (“to finish”), from per- (“through, thorough”) + facere (“to do, to make”). Spelling modified 15c. to conform to Latin etymology. Doublet of parfait.

Displaced native Old English fulfremed.

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈpɜː.fɪkt/, /ˈpɜː.fɛkt/
  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈpɝ.fɪkt/
    • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)fɪkt, -ɜː(ɹ)fɛkt

Adjective

perfect (comparative perfecter or more perfect, superlative perfectest or most perfect)

  1. Fitting its definition precisely.
    a perfect circle
  2. Having all of its parts in harmony with a common purpose.
    That bucket with the hole in the bottom is a poor bucket, but it is perfect for watering plants.
  3. Without fault or mistake; thoroughly skilled or talented.
    Practice makes perfect.
  4. Excellent and delightful in all respects.
    a perfect day
    • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], OCLC 752825175:
      They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.
  5. (mathematics) Of a number: equal to the sum of its proper divisors.
    6 is perfect because the sum of its proper divisors, 1, 2, and 3, which is 6, is equal to the number itself.
  6. (grammar, of a tense or verb form) Representing a completed action.
  7. (biology) Sexually mature and fully differentiated.
  8. (botany) Of flowers, having both male parts (stamens) and female parts (carpels).
  9. (mathematical analysis) Of a set: equal to its set of limit points, i.e. set A is perfect if A=A'.
  10. (music) Describing an interval or any compound interval of a unison, octave, or fourths and fifths that are not tritones.
  11. (of a cocktail) Made with equal parts of sweet and dry vermouth.
    a perfect Manhattan; a perfect Rob Roy
  12. (obsolete) Well informed; certain; sure.
    • 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene i]:
      I am perfect that the Pannonians and Dalmatians for their liberties are now in arms.
  13. (obsolete) Innocent, guiltless.
    • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii]:
      My parts, my title, and my perfect soul shall manifest me rightly.
Usage notes

Some authorities proscribe the comparative and superlative forms "more perfect" and "most perfect", on the grounds that perfection is an absolute state.[1][2][3] Nevertheless, graded forms have been in common use in writing for centuries – for instance the Preamble to the United States Constitution, drafted in 1787, describes its goal as "a more perfect Union". In these cases, "more perfect" can mean "closer to perfection", "less imperfect" or "improving upon an already perfect state".

Synonyms
  • (fitting its definition precisely): accurate, flawless
  • (without fault or mistake): faultless, infallible
  • (thoroughly skilled or talented): expert, proficient
  • (biology: sexually mature and fully differentiated): mature
  • (botany: having both male and female parts): bisexual, hermaphroditic
  • See also Thesaurus:flawless
Antonyms
  • (fitting its definition precisely): flawed
  • (without fault or mistake): faulty, faultful, fallible
  • (botany: having both male and female parts): imperfect
Hyponyms
  • future perfect
  • past perfect
  • pluperfect
  • present perfect
Coordinate terms
  • (music): augmented
  • (music): diminished
Derived terms
  • heptaperfect
  • imperfect
  • letter-perfect
  • note-perfect
  • perfection
  • perfectionist
  • perfective
  • picture-perfect
  • pitch-perfect
  • pixel-perfect
  • word-perfect
  • perfect competition
  • perfect market
  • perfect number
  • perfect pitch
  • practice makes perfect
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

perfect (plural perfects)

  1. (grammar) The perfect tense, or a form in that tense.
  2. (video games) A perfect score; the achievement of finishing a stage or task with no mistakes.
    • 2007, Barbara Smith, Chad Yancey, Video Game Achievements and Unlockables (page 17)
      Awarded for scoring all Perfects in the Dominator rank!
    • 2007, Eli Neiburger, Gamers-- in the Library?!:
      […] a table of all the ratings that each player has achieved, giving you several scoring options based on player feedback (I simply record the number of perfects).
  3. (historical, Christianity) A leader of the Cathar movement.
    Synonym: perfectus
    Hyponym: perfecta
Synonyms
  • (grammar): preterperfect
Translations

Etymology 2

From perfect (adjective).

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /pəˈfɛkt/
  • (US) IPA(key): /pɚˈfɛkt/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛkt

Verb

perfect (third-person singular simple present perfects, present participle perfecting, simple past and past participle perfected)

  1. (transitive) To make perfect; to improve or hone.
    I am going to perfect this article.
    You spend too much time trying to perfect your dancing.
  2. (law) To take an action, usually the filing of a document in the correct venue, that secures a legal right.
    perfect an appeal; perfect an interest; perfect a judgment
Synonyms
  • (to make perfect): enhance, hone, improve, optimize
  • perfectation
  • perfecter
  • perfectible
Translations

References

  1. 2004, Ann Batko, Edward Rosenheim, When Bad Grammar Happens to Good People: How to Avoid Common Errors in English, Career Press →ISBN, page 136
  2. 1843, Roswell Chamberlain Smith, Smith's New Grammar, page 144
  3. 2015, Stephen Spector, May I Quote You on That?: A Guide to Grammar and Usage, Oxford University Press →ISBN, page 161

Anagrams

  • prefect

Chinese

Alternative forms

  • perfect池 (poe1 fik4 ci4)

Etymology

From English perfect.

Pronunciation

  • Cantonese (Jyutping): poe1 fik4, poe1 fek4
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: poe1 fik4, poe1 fek4
      • Yale: pēu fìhk, pēu fèhk
      • Cantonese Pinyin: poe1 fik4, poe1 fek4
      • Guangdong Romanization: pê1 fig4, pê1 fég4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰœː⁵⁵ fɪk̚²¹/, /pʰœː⁵⁵ fɛːk̚²¹/

Adjective

perfect

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) perfect; excellent; flawless

References

  • English Loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch perfect, from Latin perfectus.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pɛrˈfɛkt/, /pərˈfɛkt/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: per‧fect
  • Rhymes: -ɛkt

Adjective

perfect (comparative perfecter, superlative perfectst)

  1. perfect
    Synonym: volmaakt

Inflection

Inflection of perfect
uninflectedperfect
inflectedperfecte
comparativeperfecter
positivecomparativesuperlative
predicative/adverbialperfectperfecterhet perfectst
het perfectste
indefinitem./f. sing.perfecteperfectereperfectste
n. sing.perfectperfecterperfectste
pluralperfecteperfectereperfectste
definiteperfecteperfectereperfectste
partitiveperfectsperfecters—

Derived terms

  • imperfect
  • perfectie
  • imperfectum
  • perfectum

Descendants

  • Afrikaans: perfek

Adverb

perfect

  1. perfectly

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin perfectus, German perfekt.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [perˈfekt]

Adjective

perfect m or n (feminine singular perfectă, masculine plural perfecți, feminine and neuter plural perfecte)

  1. perfect, flawless

Declension
Declension of perfect
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite perfect perfectă perfecți perfecte
definite perfectul perfecta perfecții perfectele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite perfect perfecte perfecți perfecte
definite perfectului perfectei perfecților perfectelor

Synonyms

  • desăvârșit

Antonyms

  • imperfect
  • nedesăvârșit

Adverb

perfect

  1. perfectly, completely

Noun

perfect n (uncountable)

  1. perfect tense

Derived terms

  • perfect compus
  • perfect simplu
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