pereo
Esperanto
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Noun
pereo (accusative singular pereon, plural pereoj, accusative plural pereojn)
- demise, perdition
- accident
- shipwreck
Latin
Etymology
From per- (“through”) + eō (“go”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpe.re.oː/, [ˈpɛreoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpe.re.o/, [ˈpɛːreo]
Verb
pereō (present infinitive perīre, perfect active periī or perīvī, supine peritum); irregular conjugation, irregular, impersonal in the passive
- I perish, pass away, die, be ruined
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.267-268:
- ‘flōrē semel laesō pereunt viciaecque fabaeque,
et pereunt lentēs, advena Nīle, tuae.’- “Once the blossom has been damaged, the vetches and the beans perish, and your lentils perish, oh foreign [River] Nile.”
(The poetic voice is that of Flora (mythology).)
- “Once the blossom has been damaged, the vetches and the beans perish, and your lentils perish, oh foreign [River] Nile.”
- ‘flōrē semel laesō pereunt viciaecque fabaeque,
- Synonyms: morior, dēcēdō, exspīrō, dēficiō, occidō, dēfungor, occumbō, excēdō, discēdō, intereō, cadō, obeō
- I vanish, disappear, come to nothing.
- Synonyms: cedō, discedō, decēdō, concēdō, excēdō, intereō
- Antonyms: crescō, exorior, orior, coorior, oborior, appāreō, pāreō, ēmergō, procedō
- I leak; I am absorbed.
- I pine away with love.
Conjugation
Irregular, like eō (“go”), which it compounds. The perfect is usually contracted to periī, but occasionally appears as perīvī.
| Conjugation of pereō (irregular, impersonal in passive) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | pereō | perīs | perit | perīmus | perītis | pereunt |
| imperfect | perībam | perībās | perībat | perībāmus | perībātis | perībant | |
| future | perībō | perībis | perībit | perībimus | perībitis | perībunt | |
| perfect | periī, perīvī | perīstī, perīvistī | periit, perīvit | periimus | perīstis | periērunt, periēre | |
| pluperfect | perieram | perierās | perierat | perierāmus | perierātis | perierant | |
| future perfect | perierō | perieris | perierit | perierimus | perieritis | perierint | |
| passive | present | — | — | perītur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | perībātur | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | perībitur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | peritum est | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | peritum erat | — | — | — | |
| future perfect | — | — | peritum erit | — | — | — | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | peream | pereās | pereat | pereāmus | pereātis | pereant |
| imperfect | perīrem | perīrēs | perīret | perīrēmus | perīrētis | perīrent | |
| perfect | perierim | perierīs | perierit | perierīmus | perierītis | perierint | |
| pluperfect | perīssem | perīssēs | perīsset | perīssēmus | perīssētis | perīssent | |
| passive | present | — | — | pereātur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | perīrētur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | peritum sit | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | peritum esset, peritum foret | — | — | — | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | perī | — | — | perīte | — |
| future | — | perītō | perītō | — | perītōte | pereuntō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | perīre | perīsse | peritūrum esse | perīrī | peritum esse | — | |
| participles | periēns | — | peritūrus | — | peritum | pereundum | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| pereundī | pereundō | pereundum | pereundō | peritum | peritū | ||
Coordinate terms
- perdō
Derived terms
- compereō
- dēpereō
- dispereō
- perītiō
Descendants
- Aromanian: cher, chiriri
- Catalan: perir
- Corsican: periscia, piriscia
- English: perish
- French: périr
- Friulian: perî
- Galician: perecer
- Italian: perire
- Occitan: perir
- Portuguese: perecer
- Romanian: pieri, pierire
- Spanish: perecer
References
- “pereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pereo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to die of starvation: fame confici, perire, interire
- to die a natural death: morbo perire, absūmi, consūmi
- I'm undone! it's all up with me: perii! actum est de me! (Ter. Ad. 3. 2. 26)
- the book has been lost: liber intercidit, periit
- they perished to a man: ad unum omnes perierunt
- to die of starvation: fame confici, perire, interire