percipio
Latin
Etymology
From per- (“through”) + capiō (“capture, seize; understand”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /perˈki.pi.oː/, [pɛrˈkɪpioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /perˈt͡ʃi.pi.o/, [perˈt͡ʃiːpio]
Verb
percipiō (present infinitive percipere, perfect active percēpī, supine perceptum); third conjugation iō-variant
- I seize or take on (entirely); assume; earn; occupy, keep (i.e. maintain control)
- Caesar, de Bello Gallico VII, 27:
- Cohortatus ut aliquando pro tantis laboribus fructum victoriae perciperent
- Exhorts them to finally seize the fruit of victory in exchange for their exertions
- Cohortatus ut aliquando pro tantis laboribus fructum victoriae perciperent
- I perceive, observe, notice
- Synonym: observō
- I feel, perceive
- Synonyms: sapiō, sentiō, cernō
- I learn, know, conceive, comprehend, understand
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.938:
- ‘causam percipe’ flāmen ait.
- ‘‘Understand the reason,’’ the flamen said.
(Spoken by the Flamen Quirinalis; see also flamen.)
- ‘‘Understand the reason,’’ the flamen said.
- ‘causam percipe’ flāmen ait.
- Synonyms: agnōscō, cognōscō, inveniō, sentiō, comperiō, cōnsciō, sapiō, sciō, nōscō, scīscō, intellegō, discernō, tongeō, cernō, audiō
- Antonyms: ignōrō, nesciō
Conjugation
Note there is an old form percēpset for percēpisset.
| Conjugation of percipiō (third conjugation iō-variant) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | percipiō | percipis | percipit | percipimus | percipitis | percipiunt |
| imperfect | percipiēbam | percipiēbās | percipiēbat | percipiēbāmus | percipiēbātis | percipiēbant | |
| future | percipiam | percipiēs | percipiet | percipiēmus | percipiētis | percipient | |
| perfect | percēpī | percēpistī | percēpit | percēpimus | percēpistis | percēpērunt, percēpēre | |
| pluperfect | percēperam | percēperās | percēperat | percēperāmus | percēperātis | percēperant | |
| future perfect | percēperō | percēperis | percēperit | percēperimus | percēperitis | percēperint | |
| passive | present | percipior | perciperis, percipere | percipitur | percipimur | percipiminī | percipiuntur |
| imperfect | percipiēbar | percipiēbāris, percipiēbāre | percipiēbātur | percipiēbāmur | percipiēbāminī | percipiēbantur | |
| future | percipiar | percipiēris, percipiēre | percipiētur | percipiēmur | percipiēminī | percipientur | |
| perfect | perceptus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | perceptus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | perceptus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | percipiam | percipiās | percipiat | percipiāmus | percipiātis | percipiant |
| imperfect | perciperem | perciperēs | perciperet | perciperēmus | perciperētis | perciperent | |
| perfect | percēperim | percēperīs | percēperit | percēperīmus | percēperītis | percēperint | |
| pluperfect | percēpissem | percēpissēs | percēpisset | percēpissēmus | percēpissētis | percēpissent | |
| passive | present | percipiar | percipiāris, percipiāre | percipiātur | percipiāmur | percipiāminī | percipiantur |
| imperfect | perciperer | perciperēris, perciperēre | perciperētur | perciperēmur | perciperēminī | perciperentur | |
| perfect | perceptus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | perceptus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | percipe | — | — | percipite | — |
| future | — | percipitō | percipitō | — | percipitōte | percipiuntō | |
| passive | present | — | percipere | — | — | percipiminī | — |
| future | — | percipitor | percipitor | — | — | percipiuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | percipere | percēpisse | perceptūrum esse | percipī | perceptum esse | perceptum īrī | |
| participles | percipiēns | — | perceptūrus | — | perceptus | percipiendus, percipiundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| percipiendī | percipiendō | percipiendum | percipiendō | perceptum | perceptū | ||
Derived terms
- imperceptus
- perceptībilis
- perceptiō
- perceptor
- perceptus
- percipibilis
Related terms
Related terms
- accipiō
- capiō
- captō
- concipiō
- dēcipiō
- excipiō
- incipiō
- intercipiō
- praecipiō
- recipiō
- suscipiō
Descendants
- Catalan: percebre
- Franco-Provençal: percêvre, percevêr
- Italian: percevere (obsolete)
- → Italian: percepire (semi-learned)
- Occitan: percebre
- Old French: percevoir
- French: percevoir
- → English: perceive
- Old Portuguese: perceber
- Galician: percibir
- Portuguese: perceber
- Romanian: pricepe, pricepere; → percepe
- Sicilian: pircipiri
- Spanish: percibir
References
- “percipio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “percipio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- percipio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be perceptible to the senses: sensibus percipi
- to derive (great) profit , advantage from a thing: fructum (uberrimum) capere, percipere, consequi ex aliqua re
- to derive pleasure from a thing: voluptatem ex aliqua re capere or percipere
- to have a thorough grasp of a subject: penitus percipere et comprehendere aliquid (De Or. 1. 23. 108)
- to take pleasure in a thing: laetitiam capere or percipere ex aliqua re
- to be vexed about a thing: dolorem capere (percipere) ex aliqua re
- to feel sorrow about a thing: luctum percipere ex aliqua re
- to reap: fructus demetere or percipere
- to be perceptible to the senses: sensibus percipi
- percipio in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016