percier
Old French
Alternative forms
- percer, percher
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *pertūsiāre, from Latin pertūsus (“perforated”). The stressed stem pierc- is an analogical formation, the expected form would be *pertuis- (*jeo pertuis, *tu pertuises, ...).
Verb
percier
- to pierce (to penetrate, chiefly using a sharpened point)
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -ier, with a palatal stem. These verbs are conjugated mostly like verbs in -er, but there is an extra i before the e of some endings. The forms that would normally end in *-c, *-cs, *-ct are modified to z, z, zt. In addition, c becomes ç before an a, o or u to keep the /ts/ sound intact. This verb has a stressed present stem pierc distinct from the unstressed stem perc. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of percier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | percier | avoir percié | |||||
| gerund | en perçant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | perçant | ||||||
| past participle | percié | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | pierz | pierces | pierce | perçons | perciez | piercent |
| imperfect | perçoie, perceie, perçoe, percieve | perçoies, perceies, perçoes, percieves | perçoit, perceit, perçot, percieve | perciiens, perciens | perciiez, perciez | perçoient, perceient, perçoent, percievent | |
| preterite | perçai | perças | perça | perçames | perçastes | percierent | |
| future | percerai | perceras | percera | percerons | perceroiz, percereiz, percerez | perceront | |
| conditional | perceroie, percereie | perceroies, percereies | perceroit, percereit | perceriiens, perceriens | perceriiez, perceriez | perceroient, percereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | pierz | pierz | pierzt | perçons | perciez | piercent |
| imperfect | perçasse | perçasses | perçast | percissons, percissiens | percissoiz, percissez, percissiez | perçassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | pierce | — | perçons | perciez | — | ||
Descendants
- → English: pierce
- French: percer
- Sicilian: pirciari