pensar

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pesar.

Verb

pensar (first-person singular indicative present penso, past participle pensáu)

to think

Conjugation

Conjugation of pensar

person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
infinitive		pensar
gerund		pensando
past participle		m pensáu, f pensada, n pensao, m pl pensaos, f pl pensaes
indicative	present	penso	penses	pensa	pensamos	pensáis	pensen
	imperfect	pensaba	pensabes	pensaba	pensábemos, pensábamos	pensabeis, pensabais	pensaben
	preterite	pensé	pensasti, pensesti	pensó	pensemos	pensastis, pensestis	pensaron
	pluperfect	pensare, pensara	pensares, pensaras	pensare, pensara	pensáremos, pensáramos	pensareis, pensarais	pensaren, pensaran
	future	pensaré	pensarás	pensará	pensaremos	pensaréis	pensarán
	conditional	pensaría	pensaríes	pensaría	pensaríemos, pensaríamos	pensaríeis, pensaríais	pensaríen
subjunctive	present	pense	penses, pensas	pense	pensemos	penséis	pensen, pensan
subjunctive	imperfect	pensare, pensara	pensares, pensaras	pensare, pensara	pensáremos, pensáramos	pensareis, pensarais	pensaren, pensaran
imperative		—	pensa	—	—	pensái	—

Derived terms

pensamientu

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Attested from the 12th century.[1] Doublet of pesar.

Pronunciation

(Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /pənˈsa/

(Valencian) IPA^(key): /penˈsaɾ/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

pensar (first-person singular present penso, past participle pensat)

to think
(pensar en) to think about, to think of, to have in mind
(pensar de) to think about, to be of the opinion about
(pensar a) to remember, to reminisce over

Conjugation

Conjugation of pensar (first conjugation)

person		singular			plural
infinitive			pensar
present participle			pensant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		pensat		pensada
		plural		pensats		pensades
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	penso	penses	pensa	pensem	penseu	pensen
	imperfect	pensava	pensaves	pensava	pensàvem	pensàveu	pensaven
	future	pensaré	pensaràs	pensarà	pensarem	pensareu	pensaran
	preterite	pensí	pensares	pensà	pensàrem	pensàreu	pensaren
	conditional	pensaria	pensaries	pensaria	pensaríem	pensaríeu	pensarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	pensi	pensis	pensi	pensem	penseu	pensin
	imperfect	pensés	pensessis	pensés	penséssim	penséssiu	pensessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
imperative		—	pensa	pensi	pensem	penseu	pensin

Derived terms

ni pensar-hi
pensa
pensada
pensador
pensament

References

“pensar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023

Galician

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pesar.

Verb

pensar (first-person singular present penso, first-person singular preterite pensei, past participle pensado)

to think

Conjugation

Conjugation of pensar

	singular			plural
person	first	second	third	first	second	third
Infinitive	eu	ti	el/ela/Vde.	nós	vós	eles/elas/Vdes.
impersonal	pensar
personal	pensar	pensares	pensar	pensarmos	pensardes	pensaren
Gerund
	pensando
Past participle	singular			plural
masculine	pensado			pensados
feminine	pensada			pensadas
Indicative	eu	ti	el/ela/Vde.	nós	vós	eles/elas/Vdes.
present	penso	pensas	pensa	pensamos	pensades	pensan
imperfect	pensaba	pensabas	pensaba	pensabamos	pensabades	pensaban
preterite	pensei	pensaches	pensou	pensamos	pensastes	pensaron
pluperfect	pensara	pensaras	pensara	pensaramos	pensarades	pensaran
future	pensarei	pensarás	pensará	pensaremos	pensaredes	pensarán
conditional	pensaría	pensarías	pensaría	pensariamos	pensariades	pensarían
Subjunctive	eu	ti	el/ela/Vde.	nós	vós	eles/elas/Vdes.
present	pense	penses	pense	pensemos	pensedes	pensen
preterite	pensase	pensases	pensase	pensásemos	pensásedes	pensasen
future	pensar	pensares	pensar	pensarmos	pensardes	pensaren
Imperative	–	ti	el/ela/Vde.	nós	vós	eles/elas/Vdes.
affirmative	–	pensa	pense	pensemos	pensade	pensen
negative	–	penses	pense	pensemos	pensedes	pensen

Derived terms

pensamento

Ido

Etymology

From French penser, Italian pensare, Spanish pensar, all ultimately from Latin pēnsāre.

Verb

pensar (present tense pensas, past tense pensis, future tense pensos, imperative pensez, conditional pensus)

to think

Conjugation

Conjugation of pensar

		present	past	future
infinitive		pensar	pensir	pensor
tense		pensas	pensis	pensos
conditional		pensus
imperative		pensez
adjective active participle		pensanta	pensinta	pensonta
adverbial active participle		pensante	pensinte	pensonte
nominal active participle	singular	pensanto	pensinto	pensonto
nominal active participle	plural	pensanti	pensinti	pensonti
adjective passive participle		pensata	pensita	pensota
adverbial passive participle		pensate	pensite	pensote
nominal passive participle	singular	pensato	pensito	pensoto
nominal passive participle	plural	pensati	pensiti	pensoti

Interlingua

Verb

pensar

to think

Conjugation

Conjugation of pensar

participle		present	perfect
infinitive		pensar
participle		pensante	pensate
active		simple	perfect
	present	pensa	ha pensate
	past	pensava	habeva pensate
	future	pensara	habera pensate
	conditional	pensarea	haberea pensate
	imperative	pensa
passive		simple	perfect
	present	es pensate	ha essite pensate
	past	esseva pensate	habeva essite pensate
	future	essera pensate	habera essite pensate
	conditional	esserea pensate	haberea essite pensate
	imperative	sia pensate

Ladino

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pesar.

Verb

pensar (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling פינסאר‎)

to think
- 2000, David Altabé, “Ay koza triste en ser Sefaradi”, in Esther Benbassa, editor, Les Sépharades en littérature, page 164:
  Ay koza triste en ser Sefaradi,
  i pensar en las sivdades ke deshi,
  las glories del pasado ke pedri,
  i la soledad en ke me kayi
  There is something sad in being Sephardi
  and thinking of the cities that I've left,
  the glories of the past that I've lost
  and the loneliness into which I've fallen

Mirandese

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pesar.

Verb

pensar

to think

Related terms

pensamiento

Old Spanish

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pesar.

Verb

pensar

to think
- c. 1140, “Cantar primero. Destierro del Cid”, in Cantar de Mio Cid:
  Allí piensan de aguijar, allí sueltan las riendas.
  There they think of prodding, there they loosen the reins.

Descendants

Ladino: pensar
Spanish: pensar

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pesar.

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /pẽˈsa(ʁ)/ [pẽˈsa(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /pẽˈsa(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /pẽˈsa(ʁ)/ [pẽˈsa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /pẽˈsa(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /pẽˈsaɾ/

Hyphenation: pen‧sar

Verb

pensar (first-person singular present penso, first-person singular preterite pensei, past participle pensado)

to think (communicate to oneself in one’s mind)
to conceive, intend
As lojas foram pensadas exclusivamente para turistas.
The shops have been conceived exclusively for tourists.

Conjugation

Conjugation of pensar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pensar
Personal	pensar	pensares	pensar	pensarmos	pensardes	pensarem
Gerund
	pensando
Past participle
Masculine	pensado			pensados
Feminine	pensada			pensadas
Indicative
Present	penso	pensas	pensa	pensamos	pensais	pensam
Imperfect	pensava	pensavas	pensava	pensávamos	pensáveis	pensavam
Preterite	pensei	pensaste	pensou	pensamos¹, pensámos²	pensastes	pensaram
Pluperfect	pensara	pensaras	pensara	pensáramos	pensáreis	pensaram
Future	pensarei	pensarás	pensará	pensaremos	pensareis	pensarão
Conditional
	pensaria	pensarias	pensaria	pensaríamos	pensaríeis	pensariam
Subjunctive
Present	pense	penses	pense	pensemos	penseis	pensem
Imperfect	pensasse	pensasses	pensasse	pensássemos	pensásseis	pensassem
Future	pensar	pensares	pensar	pensarmos	pensardes	pensarem
Imperative
Affirmative		pensa	pense	pensemos	pensai	pensem
Negative (não)		não penses	não pense	não pensemos	não penseis	não pensem

¹Brazil.
²Portugal.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:pensar.

Related terms

pensamento

Sabir

Etymology

From Spanish pensar (“to think”).

Verb

pensar

to think

References

Feissat et Demonchy, Dictionnaire de la Langue Franque, ou Petit Mauresque

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pesar.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /penˈsaɾ/ [pẽnˈsaɾ]
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -aɾ
Syllabification: pen‧sar

Verb

pensar (first-person singular present pienso, first-person singular preterite pensé, past participle pensado)

to think
Pienso, luego existo.
I think, therefore I am.
(René Descartes)
(translated from the original Latin to Spanish)
to hold an opinion
Synonym: creer
¿Piensas que la historia es buena?
Do you think that history is good?
to reflect upon a situation
to intend, to plan
Nunca pensé lastimarte.
I never meant to hurt you
to think about
¿Por qué no pensé en eso antes?
Why didn't I think of that before?

Conjugation

Conjugation of pensar (e-ie alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			pensar
gerund			pensando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		pensado		pensada
		plural		pensados		pensadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	pienso	piensas^{^tú} pensás^{^vos}	piensa	pensamos	pensáis	piensan
	imperfect	pensaba	pensabas	pensaba	pensábamos	pensabais	pensaban
	preterite	pensé	pensaste	pensó	pensamos	pensasteis	pensaron
	future	pensaré	pensarás	pensará	pensaremos	pensaréis	pensarán
	conditional	pensaría	pensarías	pensaría	pensaríamos	pensaríais	pensarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	piense	pienses^{^tú} pensés^{^vos²}	piense	pensemos	penséis	piensen
	imperfect (ra)	pensara	pensaras	pensara	pensáramos	pensarais	pensaran
	imperfect (se)	pensase	pensases	pensase	pensásemos	pensaseis	pensasen
	future¹	pensare	pensares	pensare	pensáremos	pensareis	pensaren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		piensa^{^tú} pensá^{^vos}	piense	pensemos	pensad	piensen
	negative		no pienses	no piense	no pensemos	no penséis	no piensen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of pensar (e-ie alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive pensar
	dative	pensarme	pensarte	pensarle, pensarse	pensarnos	pensaros	pensarles, pensarse
	accusative	pensarme	pensarte	pensarlo, pensarla, pensarse	pensarnos	pensaros	pensarlos, pensarlas, pensarse

with gerund pensando
	dative	pensándome	pensándote	pensándole, pensándose	pensándonos	pensándoos	pensándoles, pensándose
	accusative	pensándome	pensándote	pensándolo, pensándola, pensándose	pensándonos	pensándoos	pensándolos, pensándolas, pensándose

with informal second-person singular tú imperative piensa
	dative	piénsame	piénsate	piénsale	piénsanos	not used	piénsales
	accusative	piénsame	piénsate	piénsalo, piénsala	piénsanos	not used	piénsalos, piénsalas

with informal second-person singular vos imperative pensá
	dative	pensame	pensate	pensale	pensanos	not used	pensales
	accusative	pensame	pensate	pensalo, pensala	pensanos	not used	pensalos, pensalas

with formal second-person singular imperative piense
	dative	piénseme	not used	piénsele, piénsese	piénsenos	not used	piénseles
	accusative	piénseme	not used	piénselo, piénsela, piénsese	piénsenos	not used	piénselos, piénselas

with first-person plural imperative pensemos
	dative	not used	pensémoste	pensémosle	pensémonos	pensémoos	pensémosles
	accusative	not used	pensémoste	pensémoslo, pensémosla	pensémonos	pensémoos	pensémoslos, pensémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative pensad
	dative	pensadme	not used	pensadle	pensadnos	pensaos	pensadles
	accusative	pensadme	not used	pensadlo, pensadla	pensadnos	pensaos	pensadlos, pensadlas

with formal second-person plural imperative piensen
	dative	piénsenme	not used	piénsenle	piénsennos	not used	piénsenles, piénsense
	accusative	piénsenme	not used	piénsenlo, piénsenla	piénsennos	not used	piénsenlos, piénsenlas, piénsense

Derived terms

dos cabezas piensan mejor que una
grandes mentes piensan igual
ni pensarlo
pensar dos veces
pensar en la inmortalidad del cangrejo
piensa el ladrón que todos son de su condición
piensa mal y acertarás
pienso, luego existo
repensar
sin pensar

Related terms

pensamiento
pensativo
pesar
peso

Descendants

Sabir: pensar

Venetian

Etymology

From Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pexar.

Verb

pensar

(intransitive) to think

Conjugation

Venetian conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of pensar (first conjugation)

person	singular			plural
infinitive	pensar
auxiliary verb		èser	gerund		pensando
past participle		pensà
person	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	mi	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
present	penso	(te) pensi	(el/ła) pensa	pensémo, pensòn	pensé	(i/łe) pensa
imperfect	pensava	(te) pensavi	(el/ła) pensava	pensàvimo	pensavi	(i/łe) pensava
future	pensarò	(te) pensarè	(el/ła) pensarà	pensarémo	pensarè	(i/łe) pensarà
conditional	mi	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
present	pensarìa	(te) pensarisi	(el/ła) pensarìa	pensarìsimo	pensarisi	(i/łe) pensarìa
subjunctive	che mi	che ti	che eło / eła	che noialtri / noialtre	che voialtri / voialtre	che łuri / łore
present	pense, pensa	(te) pensi	(el/ła) pense, (el/ła) pensa	pensémo, pensone	pensé	(i/łe) pense, (i/łe) pensa
imperfect	pensase	(te) pensasi	(el/ła) pensase	pensàsimo	pensasi	(i/łe) pensase
imperative	—	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
imperative	—	(te) pensa	(el/ła) pensa, (el/ła) pense	pensémo	pensé	(i/łe) pensa, (i/łe) pense

[1] “pensar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023

pensar

Asturian

Etymology

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

Further reading

Galician

Etymology

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Ido

Etymology

Verb

Conjugation

Interlingua

Verb

Conjugation

Ladino

Etymology

Verb

Mirandese

Etymology

Verb

Related terms

Old Spanish

Etymology

Verb

Descendants

Portuguese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Quotations

Related terms

Sabir

Etymology

Verb

References

Spanish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

See also

Further reading

Venetian

Etymology

Verb

Conjugation