pendre
See also: Pendre
French
Etymology
From Old French pendre, from Late Latin pendĕre (conjugation confused with or altered by pendere (“to suspend, hang”)) for Latin pendēre, present active infinitive pendeō, from Proto-Italic *pendēō, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend- (“to pull; to spin”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɑ̃dʁ/
audio (file)
Verb
pendre
- (transitive, intransitive) to hang
- (intransitive) to sag, droop
Conjugation
Conjugation of pendre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | pendre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | pendant /pɑ̃.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | pendu /pɑ̃.dy/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | pends /pɑ̃/ | pends /pɑ̃/ | pend /pɑ̃/ | pendons /pɑ̃.dɔ̃/ | pendez /pɑ̃.de/ | pendent /pɑ̃d/ |
| imperfect | pendais /pɑ̃.dɛ/ | pendais /pɑ̃.dɛ/ | pendait /pɑ̃.dɛ/ | pendions /pɑ̃.djɔ̃/ | pendiez /pɑ̃.dje/ | pendaient /pɑ̃.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | pendis /pɑ̃.di/ | pendis /pɑ̃.di/ | pendit /pɑ̃.di/ | pendîmes /pɑ̃.dim/ | pendîtes /pɑ̃.dit/ | pendirent /pɑ̃.diʁ/ | |
| future | pendrai /pɑ̃.dʁe/ | pendras /pɑ̃.dʁa/ | pendra /pɑ̃.dʁa/ | pendrons /pɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | pendrez /pɑ̃.dʁe/ | pendront /pɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | pendrais /pɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | pendrais /pɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | pendrait /pɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | pendrions /pɑ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ | pendriez /pɑ̃.dʁi.je/ | pendraient /pɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | pende /pɑ̃d/ | pendes /pɑ̃d/ | pende /pɑ̃d/ | pendions /pɑ̃.djɔ̃/ | pendiez /pɑ̃.dje/ | pendent /pɑ̃d/ |
| imperfect2 | pendisse /pɑ̃.dis/ | pendisses /pɑ̃.dis/ | pendît /pɑ̃.di/ | pendissions /pɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/ | pendissiez /pɑ̃.di.sje/ | pendissent /pɑ̃.dis/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | pends /pɑ̃/ | — | pendons /pɑ̃.dɔ̃/ | pendez /pɑ̃.de/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- avoir la langue bien pendue
- être pendu aux lèvres de
- pendaison
- pendre au nez
- pendre haut et court
- pendre la crémaillère
- pis que pendre
- rependre
Further reading
- “pendre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Occitan
Etymology
From Latin pendere.
Pronunciation
Audio (Languedocien) (file)
Verb
pendre
- (Provençal, Limousin, Vivaro-Alpine, Auvergne) to hang
Dialectal variants
- penjar
- péner
- pendilhar
- pendolar
- pendelhar
Old French
Alternative forms
- pandre
- penre
Etymology
From Late Latin pendĕre (conjugation confused with or altered by pendere (“to suspend, hang”)) for Latin pendēre, present active infinitive pendeō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpen.drə/, /ˈpan.drə/
Verb
pendre
- (transitive, intransitive) to hang
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of pendre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | pendre | avoir pendu | |||||
| gerund | en pendant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | pendant | ||||||
| past participle | pendu | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | pent | penz | pent | pendons | pendez | pendent |
| imperfect | pendoie, pendeie | pendoies, pendeies | pendoit, pendeit | pendiiens, pendiens | pendiiez, pendiez | pendoient, pendeient | |
| preterite | pendi | pendis | pendié | pendimes | pendistes | pendierent | |
| future | pendrai | pendras | pendra | pendrons | pendroiz, pendreiz, pendrez | pendront | |
| conditional | pendroie, pendreie | pendroies, pendreies | pendroit, pendreit | pendriiens, pendriens | pendriiez, pendriez | pendroient, pendreient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | pende | pendes | pende | pendons | pendez | pendent |
| imperfect | pendisse | pendisses | pendist | pendissons, pendissiens | pendissoiz, pendissez, pendissiez | pendissent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | pent | — | pendons | pendez | — | ||
Descendants
- Middle French: pendre
- → English: pend
- French: pendre