penalty
See also: pénalty
English
Alternative forms
- pœnalty (archaic)
Etymology
From Middle French pénalité.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɛnəlti/
Audio (RP) (file) - Hyphenation: pen‧al‧ty
Noun
penalty (plural penalties)
- A legal sentence.
- The penalty for his crime was to do hard labor.
- A punishment for violating rules of procedure.
- 1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, “chapter I”, in The House Behind the Cedars:
- Was it so irreconcilable, Warwick wondered, as still to peal out the curfew bell, which at nine o'clock at night had clamorously warned all negroes, slave or free, that it was unlawful for them to be abroad after that hour, under penalty of imprisonment or whipping?
-
- (finance) A payment forfeited for an early withdrawal from an account or an investment.
- In sports
- (soccer) A direct free kick from the penalty spot, taken after a defensive foul in the penalty box; a penalty kick.
- (ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.
- A penalty was called when he tripped up his opponent.
- A disadvantageous consequence of a previous event.
- 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), OCLC 630079698, page 126:
- "But you, my noble, my generous girl!" exclaimed Lord Avonleigh, "I dare not let you pay the penalty of my former folly."
-
Synonyms
- punition
- punishment
- sentence
Derived terms
- death penalty
- fixed penalty notice
- penalty arc
- penalty area
- penalty box
- penalty kick
- penalty phase
- penalty shoot-out
- penalty shot
- penalty spot
Related terms
- penal
- penality (rare)
- penalize
Descendants
- → Gulf Arabic: بلنتي (balanti)
- → Portuguese: pênalti, penálti
- → Spanish: penalti
- → Swahili: penalti
Translations
legal sentence
|
punishment for violating rules of procedure
|
finance: payment for early withdrawal
|
penalty kick — see penalty kick
punishment in ice hockey
|
See also
- free kick
Anagrams
- a-plenty, aplenty, netplay
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from English penalty.
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: pe‧nal‧ty
Noun
penalty m (plural penalty's, diminutive penalty'tje n)
- penalty kick
French
Alternative forms
- pénalty (post-1990 spelling)
Etymology
Borrowed from English penalty, itself a borrowing from French pénalité (thus a reborrowing). Doublet of pénalité.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pe.nal.ti/
Audio (file)
Noun
penalty m (plural penaltys or penalties)
- (sports) penalty, penalty kick
Further reading
- “penalty”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Romanian
Alternative forms
- penalti
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from French penalty or English penalty.
Noun
penalty n (plural penalty-uri)
- (soccer, sports) penalty
Declension
Declension of penalty
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) penalty | penalty-ul | (niște) penalty-uri | penalty-urile |
genitive/dative | (unui) penalty | penalty-ului | (unor) penalty-uri | penalty-urilor |
vocative | penalty-ule | penalty-urilor |