pe

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pe"

English

Alternative forms

pei, pey

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /peɪ/
- Audio (UK) (file)
- Rhymes: -eɪ

Etymology 1

From Hebrew פֵּא‎ (pê), from Proto-Semitic *pay- (“mouth”). Doublet of pi.

Noun

pe

The seventeenth letter of many Semitic alphabets/abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew פ, Syriac ܦ, and others; Arabic has the analog faa).

Translations

Semitic letter

Catalan: pe (ca) f
Finnish: pe (fi)
French: pé (fr) m
Hebrew: פֵּא‎ (he) (pê)
Malay: pa (ms)
Spanish: pei (es)
Swedish: pe (sv)
Yiddish: פּא‎ m or f (pey)

Noun

pe (plural pes)

The name of the Cyrillic script letter П / п.

Anagrams

EP, ep, ep.

Abinomn

Noun

pe

pig

Ainu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [pe̞]

Noun

pe (Kana spelling ペ)

(only in compounds) thing, article
arawan ― seven
arawanpe ― seven things
wen ― bad
wenpe ― bad thing

Alternative forms

(apocopic) p

Noun

pe (Kana spelling ペ)

water, especially in reference to a water body
liquid
juice

Alternative forms

pehe

Derived terms

pet (“river”)

Albanian

Alternative forms

pê

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *petja, from Proto-Indo-European *petino-, from *pet- (“to spread out, to extend”) (compare English fathom). Alternatively from Latin pannus (“cloth, rag, garment”); cf. Greek πανί (paní).[1]
From Proto-Albanian *pena-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to draw”).[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [pɛ]

Noun

pe m (indefinite plural penj, definite singular peri, definite plural penjtë)

thread

Derived terms

pejzë

References

Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 313
Schumacher, Stefan; Matzinger, Joachim (2013) Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 218

Annobonese

Etymology

From Sãotomense pe (“father”), from Portuguese pai (“father”).

Noun

pe

father

References

2005, John H. McWhorter, Defining Creole

Basque

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pe/, [pe̞]

Noun

pe inan

The name of the Latin-script letter P.

Declension

Declension of pe (inanimate, ending in vowel)
	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	pe	pea	peak
ergative	pek	peak	peek
dative	peri	peari	peei
genitive	peren	pearen	peen
comitative	perekin	pearekin	peekin
causative	perengatik	pearengatik	peengatik
benefactive	perentzat	pearentzat	peentzat
instrumental	pez	peaz	peez
inessive	petan	pean	peetan
locative	petako	peko	peetako
allative	petara	pera	peetara
terminative	petaraino	peraino	peetaraino
directive	petarantz	perantz	peetarantz
destinative	petarako	perako	peetarako
ablative	petatik	petik	peetatik
partitive	perik	—	—
prolative	petzat	—	—

Breton

Conjunction

pe

or

Adjective

pe (interrogative adjective)

which, what

Catalan

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -e

Noun

pe f (plural pes)

The name of the Latin-script letter P.
The Hebrew letter פ‎ (final form ף‎).

Chrau

Numeral

pe

three

Dorig

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ᵐbe/

Noun

pe

water

References

Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Faroese

Noun

pe n (genitive singular pes, plural pe)

The name of the Latin-script letter P.

Declension

Declension of pe
n4	singular		plural
n4	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	pe	peið	pe	peini
accusative	pe	peið	pe	peini
dative	pe, pei	penum	peum	peunum
genitive	pes	pesins	pea	peanna

Finnish

Etymology 1

Abbreviation of perjantai.

Pronunciation

As perjantai.

Noun

pe

Abbreviation of perjantai (“Friday”).

Etymology 2

From Hebrew פֵּא‎ (pê).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpe(ː)/, [ˈpe̞(ː)]
Rhymes: -e
Syllabification^(key): pe

Noun

pe

pe (seventeenth letter of the Hebrew and Phoenician scripts and the Northwest Semitic abjad)

Declension

Inflection of pe (Kotus type 21/rosé, no gradation)
nominative		pe	pet
genitive		pen	peiden peitten
partitive		petä	peitä
illative		pehen	peihin
		singular	plural
nominative		pe	pet
accusative	nom.	pe	pet
accusative	gen.	pen	pet
genitive		pen	peiden peitten
partitive		petä	peitä
inessive		pessä	peissä
elative		pestä	peistä
illative		pehen	peihin
adessive		pellä	peillä
ablative		peltä	peiltä
allative		pelle	peille
essive		penä	peinä
translative		peksi	peiksi
instructive		—	pein
abessive		pettä	peittä
comitative		—	peineen

Possessive forms of pe (type rosé)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	peni	pemme
2nd person	pesi	penne
3rd person	pensä

Guaraní

Determiner

pe

that (near addressee)

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology 1

From Portuguese pé.

Noun

pe

foot

Etymology 2

From Portuguese perna.

Noun

pe

leg

Etymology 3

From Portuguese pau.

Noun

pe

tree

Ido

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pe/, /pɛ/

Noun

pe (plural pe-i)

The name of the Latin script letter P/p.

Japanese

Romanization

pe

Rōmaji transcription of ぺ (hiragana)
Rōmaji transcription of ペ (katakana)

Javanese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paʀih, from Proto-Austronesian *paʀiS.

Noun

pé (Javanese script ꦥꦺ)

ray (marine fish with a flat body, large wing-like fins, and a whip-like tail)

References

Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *paRiS

Latin

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /peː/, [peː]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pe/, [pɛː]

Noun

pē f (indeclinable)

The name of the Latin-script letter P.

Coordinate terms

(Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

References

“pe”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
pe in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Ligurian

Etymology

From Latin per, from Proto-Indo-European *peri, derived from the root *per- (“to go over”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pe/

Preposition

pe

for
to
through
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by
with
as

pe + article	Combined form
pe + o	pe-o
pe + a	pe-a
pe + i	pe-i
pe + e	pe-e

Lote

Conjunction

pe

and

References

Greg Pearson, René van den Berg, Lote Grammar Sketch (2008)

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

Contraction of ape, from French après. Compare Haitian Creole ap.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pe/

Verb

pe (medial form pe)

(auxiliary) Used to indicate present progressive tense or the continuous tense in general.

Related terms

ti pe

Mbiywom

Noun

pe

liver

References

Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004), page 411

Mbyá Guaraní

Postposition

pe

to, for (indicates a dative object)
indicates a causative object
Ajapo uka mbojape xevy pe ha'i pe.
I had my mother make me bread.

Mezquital Otomi

Noun

pe

biznaga, barrel cactus.

Middle English

Noun

pe

Alternative form of po

Neapolitan

Etymology

From Latin per.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pe/, (Naples) IPA^(key): /pə/

Preposition

pe

for

Nheengatu

Etymology

From Old Tupi pe.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [pe]

Hyphenation: pe
Rhymes: -e

Pronoun

pe

(second-class) second-person plural personal pronoun (you, your)
Pe akanhemu peikú nhaãsé pe kirá peikú.
You are scared because you are fat.
Aintá uputari upitá pe irũmu.
They want to stay with you.
Pe manha uwiké uka pisasú upé.
Your mother enters the new house.
- 2021, Marcel Twardowsky Ávila, Proposta de dicionário nheengatu–português, page 588:
  Te pe resarái masuí peyuri!
  Do not forget where you came from!

Usage notes

As a second-class pronoun, pe is used as the subject of a sentence when its verb is a second-class one (those verbs are sometimes referred to as adjectives). The personal pronoun pe is also used when governed by any postposition with the exception of arama and supé. Finally, pe is used as a possessive pronoun as well.

References

ÁVILA, Marcel Twardowsky (2021) Proposta de dicionário nheengatu–português, page 588
NAVARRO, Eduardo de Almeida (2016) Curso de língua geral (nheengatu ou tupi moderno): a língua das origens da civilização amazônica, 2nd edition, →ISBN, pages 11 and 107

Occitan

Noun

pe f (plural pes)

pee (the letter p, P)

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin pedem, accusative of pes. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French pié.

Noun

pe m (oblique plural pes, nominative singular pes, nominative plural pe)

foot (anatomy)

Descendants

Occitan: pè

Old Tupi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pɛ/

Postposition

pe

Used to indicate location, inclusion, or position within spatial limits.
1. in, on, to.

References

NAVARRO, E. A. Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil. São Paulo. Global. 2013.

Pali

Particle

pe

Abbreviation of peyyāla.

Romanian

Alternative forms

pă (Muntenia, informal), pi (Moldova), pre (archaic)

Etymology

From Latin per, with meaning influenced by super.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pe/
Rhymes: -e

Preposition

pe (+accusative)

on
cartea este pe masă
The book is on the table.
on (some time during the day of)
A plecat spre Europa acum o săptămână, mai exact, pe zece mai.
He left for Europe a week ago, that is, on the tenth of May.
(no lexical meaning) used to indicate direct object in some cases
o aștept pe mama
I'm waiting on/for mom.

Usage notes

Pe takes the accusative case of nouns and is used as the marker for the direct object when said object is:

a proper noun; the name of a person or animal
a common noun referring to a specific person, generally known to both the speaker and listener
a common noun acting as a metaphor for a person
a common noun in a construction in which the subject and the direct object are the same noun and they precede the predicate

Pe is not used when the direct object is:

a common noun designating inanimate objects or animals
a common noun referring to an unspecified person

Related terms

peste
pentru
pre-

Romansch

Alternative forms

(Sursilvan) pei
(Puter, Vallader) pè

Etymology

From Latin pēs, pedem (“foot”), from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.

Noun

pe m (plural pes or peis)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, anatomy) foot

Usage notes

In Rumantsch Grischun and Sutsilvan, the plural is pes. In Surmiran, however, it is peis.

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpe/ [ˈpe]
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -e
Syllabification: pe

Noun

pe f (plural pes)

The name of the Latin-script letter P.

Derived terms

de pe a pa

Sranan Tongo

Adverb

pe

(interrogative) where
(relative) where

Derived terms

alape
drape, dape
nowanpe

Tocharian A

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Compare the nominative/accusative dual form, peṃ, presumably from Proto-Tocharian *peine du (whence also Tocharian B paine), from an earlier *pei, from the Proto-Indo-European *pódh₁e du, from *pṓds. It is from this dual form in Proto-Tocharian that the singular forms have probably been analogically built. Compare Tocharian B paiyye.[1]

Noun

pe m

foot

Related terms

peṃ

References

http://www.geocities.ws/protoillyrian/tocharian.html

Turkish

Noun

pe (definite accusative peyi, plural peler)

The name of the Latin-script letter P.

Turkmen

Noun

pe (definite accusative [[{{{1}}}#Turkmen|?]], plural [[{{{2}}}#Turkmen|?]])

The name of the Latin-script letter P.

Welsh

Conjunction

pe

if (used with closed conditions, i.e., those that are counterfactual or considered very unlikely)
Pe bawn i'n gyfoethog, teithiwn i o gwmpas y byd.
If I were rich, I would travel around the world.

Usage notes

In the literary language, bod (“to be”) has special counterfactual forms that undergo univerbation with pe: petaswn (“if I had been”), petawn (“if I were”) etc. (see the conjugation table for all the forms).

In the colloquial language, the counterfactual forms taswn/bawn/tawn are written separately from pe, and pe can be omitted before them:

(pe) taswn i’n ennill y loteri ― if I were to win the lottery

West Makian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pe/

Preposition

pe

with, using
natala pe peda da langalongi ne ― (you) cut this rope with a machete
yakor te pe sosodik ― stir the tea with a spoon
(directional) to
iwako pe de mai ― he threw a stone at me (literally, “he threw to me (a) stone”)

References

Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

Yoruba

Alternative forms

پعِ‎

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /k͡pè/

Verb

pè

(transitive, intransitive) to call, to pronounce, to summon, to invoke (an orisha)
Synonym: ké
(transitive) to tag someone or something

Derived terms

èpè (“curse”)
ìpè (“call, summon, invocation”)
pípè (“calling, summoning”)
polówó (“to advertise”)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /k͡pé/

Verb

pé

(transitive, intransitive) to assemble, to congregate

Derived terms

péjọ (“to congregate”)
ìpé (“public gathering”)
péjú pésẹ̀ (“to gather; to assemble”)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /k͡pé/

Verb

pé

to be correct, to be complete in degree or quantity
to be enough
(idiomatic) to be sane, to be intelligent, to be sharp (of the mind); (literally - "to have a complete or correct mind")

Derived terms

orí-pípé (“sanity”)
pépérépéré

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /k͡pé/

Verb

pé

to say something
Synonym: ní

Usage notes

An overlaid function for the conjunction pé (Etymology 5) whenever a verb of utterance is missing, it is always followed by kí.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /k͡pé/

Conjunction

pé

that

Usage notes

In modern linguistics, the term has also been categorized as a complementizer

Related terms

kí

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /k͡pé/

Verb

pé

to become rewarding or profitable for someone
ọjà náà pé mi dáadáa ― The market goods were very profitable for me

Zou

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pe˧/

Verb

pe

(intransitive) to kick

References

Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40

[1] Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 313

[2] Schumacher, Stefan; Matzinger, Joachim (2013) Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 218

[3] ttp://www.geocities.ws/protoillyrian/tocharian.html

pe

English

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Translations

Further reading

Noun

Anagrams

Abinomn

Noun

Ainu

Pronunciation

Noun

Alternative forms

Noun

Alternative forms

Derived terms

See also

Albanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

References

Annobonese

Etymology

Noun

References

Basque

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

See also

Breton

Conjunction

Adjective

Catalan

Pronunciation

Noun

Chrau

Numeral

Dorig

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Faroese

Noun

Declension

See also

Finnish

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Guaraní

Determiner

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

Etymology 3

Noun

Ido

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

Japanese

Romanization

Javanese

Etymology

Noun

References

Latin