paṭhamapurisa
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
- 𑀧𑀞𑀫𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (Brahmi script)
- पठमपुरिस (Devanagari script)
- পঠমপুরিস (Bengali script)
- පඨමපුරිස (Sinhalese script)
- ပဌမပုရိသ (Burmese script)
- ปฐมปุริส or ปะฐะมะปุริสะ (Thai script)
- ᨷᨮᨾᨷᩩᩁᩥᩈ (Tai Tham script)
- ປຐມປຸຣິສ or ປະຐະມະປຸຣິສະ (Lao script)
- បឋមបុរិស (Khmer script)
Alternative forms
- paṭhama purisa
- 𑀧𑀞𑀫 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (Brahmi script)
- पठम पुरिस (Devanagari script)
- পঠম পুরিস (Bengali script)
- පඨම පුරිස (Sinhalese script)
- ပဌမ ပုရိသ (Burmese script)
- ปฐม ปุริส or ปะฐะมะ ปุริสะ (Thai script)
- ᨷᨮᨾ ᨷᩩᩁᩥᩈ (Tai Tham script)
- ປຐມ ປຸຣິສ or ປະຐະມະ ປຸຣິສະ (Lao script)
- បឋម បុរិស (Khmer script)
Etymology
Calque of Sanskrit प्रथमपुरुष (prathamapuruṣa, “third person”), compounded as paṭhama (“first”) + purisa (“person”). The uncompounded form also exists.
Noun
paṭhamapurisa m
- (grammar) third person
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar] (in Pali), page 252; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
- सब्बेसं तिण्णं पठममज्झिमुत्तमपुरिसानं एकाभिधाने परो पुरिसो गहेतब्बो। सो च पठति, ते च पठन्ति, त्वञ्च पठसिॐ तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पठामि = मयं पठाम; सो पचति, ते च पचन्ति, त्वञ्च पचन्ति, तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पचआमि = मयं पचाम एवं सेसासु विभत्तीसु परो पुरिसो योजेतब्बो॥
- Sabbesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ paṭhamamajjhimuttamapurisānaṃ ekābhidhāne paro puriso gahetabbo. So ca paṭhati, te ca paṭhanti, tvañca paṭhasi, tumhe ca paṭhatha, ahañca paṭhāmi = mayaṃ paṭhāma; so pacati, te ca pacanti, tvañca pacasi, tumhe ca pacatha, ahañca pacāmi = mayaṃ pacāma. Evaṃ sesāsu vibhattīsu paro puriso yojetabbo.
- With all three, third, second, and first persons, in one expression, the last person is to be taken. He reads, they read, thou readest, you read, and I read = we read; he cooks, they cook, thou cookest, you cook , and I, cook = we cook. The last person is to be applied thus for other endings.
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar] (in Pali), page 252; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
- नामम्हि पयुज्जमानेपि अप्पयुज्ज्मानेपि तुल्याधिकरणे पठमो पुरिसो होति।
- Nāmamhi payujjamānepi appayujjamānepi tulyādhikaraṇe paṭhamo puriso hoti.
- The third person is used when in agreement with a noun be it expressed or unexpressed.
Declension
Declension table of "paṭhamapurisa" (masculine)
Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | paṭhamapuriso | paṭhamapurisā |
Accusative (second) | paṭhamapurisaṃ | paṭhamapurise |
Instrumental (third) | paṭhamapurisena | paṭhamapurisehi or paṭhamapurisebhi |
Dative (fourth) | paṭhamapurisassa or paṭhamapurisāya or paṭhamapurisatthaṃ | paṭhamapurisānaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | paṭhamapurisasmā or paṭhamapurisamhā or paṭhamapurisā | paṭhamapurisehi or paṭhamapurisebhi |
Genitive (sixth) | paṭhamapurisassa | paṭhamapurisānaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | paṭhamapurisasmiṃ or paṭhamapurisamhi or paṭhamapurise | paṭhamapurisesu |
Vocative (calling) | paṭhamapurisa | paṭhamapurisā |
Usage notes
This word is a karmadharaya, and may be freely decomposed into its components and recomposed.