patior
Latin
Etymology
Apparently denominative from Proto-Indo-European *ph₁-tós, participle of *peh₁- (“to hurt”). Cognate with paene, paeniteō, pēnūria, Ancient Greek πῆμα (pêma), πηρός (pērós), Old English feond (“devil, enemy”) (English fiend), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌽 (faian, “to blame”), Proto-Slavic *patiti (“to suffer, to fare misfortune”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpa.ti.or/, [ˈpät̪iɔr]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpat.t͡si.or/, [ˈpät̪ː͡s̪ior]
Verb
patior (present infinitive patī, perfect active passus sum); third conjugation iō-variant, deponent
- I suffer, endure, tolerate.
- Synonyms: tolerō, patiō, sufferō, subeō, perferō, perpetior, recipiō, accipiō, sinō, ferō, dūrō, sustineō, sustentō
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.157-158:
- tum patitur cultus ager et renovātur arātrō
- That is when the field endures cultivation, and is renewed by the plough.
[Note: This verse by the poet Ovid can endure a more figurative translation or permit a more literal reading of the word patitur.]
- That is when the field endures cultivation, and is renewed by the plough.
- tum patitur cultus ager et renovātur arātrō
- I allow, acquiesce, permit, submit.
- Synonyms: permittō, admittō
- Patere lēgem quam ipse fēcistī / tulistī.
- Submit to the law which you yourself made / proposed.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of patior (third conjugation iō-variant, deponent) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | patior | pateris, patere | patitur | patimur | patiminī | patiuntur |
| imperfect | patiēbar | patiēbāris, patiēbāre | patiēbātur | patiēbāmur | patiēbāminī | patiēbantur | |
| future | patiar | patiēris, patiēre | patiētur | patiēmur | patiēminī | patientur | |
| perfect | passus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | passus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | passus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | patiar | patiāris, patiāre | patiātur | patiāmur | patiāminī | patiantur |
| imperfect | paterer | paterēris, paterēre | paterētur | paterēmur | paterēminī | paterentur | |
| perfect | passus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | passus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | patere | — | — | patiminī | — |
| future | — | patitor | patitor | — | — | patiuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | patī | passum esse | passūrum esse | — | — | — | |
| participles | patiēns | passus | passūrus | — | — | patiendus, patiundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| patiendī | patiendō | patiendum | patiendō | passum | passū | ||
Derived terms
- compatior
- passibilis
- passiō
- passus
- patiēns
- perpetior
- praepatior
- prōpatior
Related terms
- passīvus
- patientia
Descendants
- → Albanian: pësoj
- Aromanian: pat, pãtsãscu, pãtsiri
- → Catalan: patir
- → French: pâtir
- Friulian: patî
- Istriot: patèi
- Italian: patire
- → Maltese: bata
- → Occitan: patir
- Old Spanish: padir
- Piedmontese: patì
- Portuguese: padecer
- Romanian: păți, pățire
- Romansch: patir, pitir, piteir
- Sardinian: patire, patiri
- → Serbo-Croatian: patiti
- Sicilian: patiri
- → Maltese: bata
- Spanish: padecer
- Venetian: patir
See also
- sufferō
References
- “patior”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “patior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- patior in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to suffer wrong: iniuriam ferre, pati
- to grant a people its independence: populum liberum esse, libertate uti, sui iuris esse pati
- (ambiguous) to extend in breadth, in length: in latitudinem, in longitudinem patere
- (ambiguous) to have a wide extent: late patere (also metaphorically vid. sect. VIII. 8)
- to suffer wrong: iniuriam ferre, pati
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag