patent

See also: Patent

English

WOTD – 27 April 2021

Pronunciation

An 1855 reprint of the Scottish inventor James Watt’s 1769 patent (sense 1.2.2) for the separate condenser – a device to lessen the consumption of steam in steam engines.

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈpeɪtənt/, /ˈpæ-/
Audio (RP) (file)
(General American) enPR: pătʹənt, pātʹənt, IPA^(key): /ˈpætənt/, [pʰæ̝ʔn̩t̚], /ˈpeɪ-/, [pʰe̞ɪ-]
Rhymes: (Received Pronunciation) -eɪtənt
Hyphenation: pa‧tent

pronunciation notes

In the United Kingdom, the pronunciation beginning /peɪ-/ is more common than the one beginning /pæ-/ but some use the former for the senses of “obvious” and “open” and the latter for senses relating to “letters patent” and the noun.[1]
In the United States, the pronunciation beginning /pæ-/ is the usual one. The pronunciation beginning /peɪ-/ is an alternative in the senses of “obvious” and “open”.[2]

Etymology 1

The noun is derived from Middle English patent (“document granting an office, property, right, title, etc.; document granting permission, licence; papal indulgence, pardon”) [and other forms],[3] which is either:[4]

a clipping of lettre patent, lettres patente, lettres patentes [and other forms]; or
directly from Anglo-Norman and Middle French patente (modern French patent), a clipping of Anglo-Norman lettres patentes, Middle French lettres patentes, lettre patente, and Old French patentes lettres (“document granting an office, privilege, right, etc., or making a decree”) (compare Late Latin patens, littera patens, litterae patentes).[1]

For the derivation of Anglo-Norman and Middle French patente (adjective) in lettre patente, see etymology 2 below.

The verb is derived from the noun.[5]

Noun

patent (countable and uncountable, plural patents)

(law)
1. An official document granting an appointment, privilege, or right, or some property or title; letters patent.
  - 1660 February 20 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Samuel Pepys; Mynors Bright, transcriber, “February 10th, 1659–1660”, in Henry B[enjamin] Wheatley, editor, The Diary of Samuel Pepys […], volume I, London: George Bell & Sons […]; Cambridge: Deighton Bell & Co., published 1893, OCLC 1016700617, page 52:
    […] Squib proved clearly by his patent that the house and office did now belong to him.
  - 1858, John M. Neale, A History of the So-called Jansenist Church of Holland (page 116)
    Philip of Spain had offered a reward of 25,000 crowns, a patent of nobility, and immunity for all past crimes, to the assassinator of the Prince of Orange.
2. (specifically)
  1. (originally) A grant of a monopoly over the manufacture, sale, and use of goods.
  2. A declaration issued by a government agency that the inventor of a new invention has the sole privilege of making, selling, or using the claimed invention for a specified period.
    - 2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8839, London: Economist Group, ISSN 0013-0613, OCLC 805074337, archived from the original on 26 March 2019, page 55:
      The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.
3. (US, historical) A specific grant of ownership of a piece of real property; a land patent.
(by extension) A product in respect of which a patent (sense 1.2.2) has been obtained.
(uncountable) Short for patent leather (“a varnished, high-gloss leather typically used for accessories and shoes”).
(figuratively)
1. A licence or (formal) permission to do something.
  - c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragœdy of Othello, the Moore of Venice. […] (First Quarto), London: […] N[icholas] O[kes] for Thomas Walkley, […], published 1622, OCLC 724111485, [Act IV, scene i], page 66:
    If you be ſo fond ouer her iniquity, giue her patent to offend, for if it touches not you, it comes neere no body.
2. A characteristic or quality that one possesses; in particular (hyperbolic) as if exclusively; a monopoly.
  - c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, A Midsommer Nights Dreame. […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Richard Bradock] for Thomas Fisher, […], published 1600, OCLC 1041029189, [Act I, scene i]:
    So will I growe, ſo liue, ſo die my Lord, / Ere I will yield my virgin Patent, vp / Vnto his Lordſhippe, whoſe vnwiſhed yoake / My ſoule conſents not to giue ſouerainty.
(gambling) The combination of seven bets on three selections, offering a return even if only one bet comes in.

Derived terms

antipatent
biopatent
blocking patent
land patent
nonpatent
patentee
patenter
patentese
patentholder
patentizing (rare)
patentless
patentlike
patent of precedence
patentometrics
patentor
patent pool
patent thicket
patent troll
patent trolling
pat. pend.
prepatent
submarine patent
subpatent (noun)

Translations

official document granting an appointment, privilege, or right, or some property or title — see letters patent

grant of a monopoly over the manufacture, sale, and use of goods

declaration issued by a government agency that the inventor of a new invention has the sole privilege of making, selling, or using the claimed invention for a specified period

Armenian: արտոնագիր (hy) (artonagir)
Bulgarian: патент (bg) m (patent)
Burmese: မူပိုင် (my) (mupuing), မူပိုင်ခွင့် (mupuinghkwang.)
Catalan: patent (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 專利／专利 (zh) (zhuānlì)
Czech: patent (cs) m
Dutch: patent (nl) n, octrooi (nl) n
Finnish: patentti (fi)
French: brevet (fr) m
German: Patent (de) n
Greek: πατέντα (el) f (paténta)
Hindi: पेटेंट (hi) m (peṭeṇṭ), पेटेण्ट (hi) m (peṭeṇṭ), अनन्याधिकार (hi) m (ananyādhikār), पेटेन्ट m (peṭenṭ)
Hungarian: szabadalom (hu)
Indonesian: paten (id), oktroi (id)
Italian: brevetto (it) m
Japanese: 特許 (ja) (とっきょ, tokkyo), 専売特許 (せんばいとっきょ, senbai senbai tokkyo)
Kazakh: иеқұжат (ieqūjat)
Khmer: ប៉ាតង (paatɑɑng)
Korean: 특허(特許) (ko) (teukheo), 특허권(特許權) (ko) (teukheogwon)
Luxembourgish: Patent n, Brevet m
Maori: manatitonga
Occitan: patent (oc)
Polish: patent (pl) m
Portuguese: patente (pt) f
Russian: пате́нт (ru) m (patént)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: па̀тент m
Roman: pàtent (sh) m
Spanish: patente (es) m
Swedish: patent (sv) n
Tagalog: karapatang-tuklas
Thai: สิทธิบัตร (th) (sìt-tí-bàt)
Turkish: buluş belgesi (tr), patent (tr)
Vietnamese: bằng độc quyền sáng chế, bằng sáng chế

specific grant of ownership of a piece of property

Finnish: maaoikeus
Hindi: पेटेंट (hi) m (peṭeṇṭ)
Japanese: 権利証 (けんりしょう, kenri shō)

product in respect of which a patent has been obtained

Finnish: patentoitu tuote

short for patent leather — see patent leather

formal permission — see licence

characteristic or quality that one possesses; in particular as if exclusively — See also translations at monopoly

Finnish: patentti (fi), monopoli (fi)

Verb

patent (third-person singular simple present patents, present participle patenting, simple past and past participle patented)

(transitive, law)
1. To (successfully) register (a new invention) with a government agency to obtain the sole privilege of its manufacture, sale, and use for a specified period.
  - 2013 June 21, Karen McVeigh, “US Rules Human Genes Can’t be Patented”, in The Guardian Weekly‎, volume 189, number 2, London: Guardian News & Media, ISSN 0959-3608, OCLC 1060180436, page 10:
    The US supreme court has ruled unanimously that natural human genes cannot be patented, a decision that scientists and civil rights campaigners said removed a major barrier to patient care and medical innovation.
2. (US, historical) To obtain (over a piece of real property) a specific grant of ownership.
(transitive, figuratively) To be closely associated or identified with (something); to monopolize.

Derived terms

nonpatentability
nonpatentable
nonpatented
patentability
patentable
patentably
patented (adjective)
patenting (noun)
repatent
unpatentability
unpatentable
unpatented

Translations

to (successfully) register (a new invention) with a government agency to obtain the sole privilege of its manufacture, sale, and use for a specified period

Bulgarian: патентовам (patentovam)
Catalan: patentar (ca)
Finnish: patentoida (fi)
French: breveter (fr), faire breveter
German: patentieren (de), patentieren lassen
Hindi: पेटेंट करना (peṭeṇṭ karnā)
Hungarian: szabadalmaztat (hu)
Japanese: 特許取得 (とっきょしゅとく, tokkyo shutoku)
Occitan: patentar
Polish: patentować impf, opatentować pf
Portuguese: patentear
Russian: брать пате́нт (bratʹ patént), патентова́ть (ru) (patentovátʹ)
Spanish: patentar (es)
Swedish: patentera (sv)

to obtain (over a piece of real property) a specific grant of ownership

to be closely associated or identified with (something) — See also translations at monopolize

Etymology 2

From Middle English patent, patente (“wide open; clear, unobstructed; unlimited; of a document: available for public inspection”) [and other forms],[6] from Anglo-Norman and Middle French patent (modern French patent), and directly from their etymon Latin patēns (“open; accessible, passable; evident, manifest; exposed, vulnerable”), the present active participle of pateō (“to be open; to be accessible, attainable; to be exposed, vulnerable; of frontiers or land: to extent, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”).[1]

Adjective

patent (comparative more patent, superlative most patent)

Conspicuous; open; unconcealed.
Synonym: overt
- 1856, John Lothrop Motley, “Sowing the Wind”, in The Rise of the Dutch Republic. A History. […], volume I, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], OCLC 1138660207, part II (Administration of the Duchess Margaret. 1559–1567.), page 240:
  At the departure of Philip he had received instructions, both patent and secret, for his guidance as stadholder of Holland, Friesland, and Utrecht.
1. (baking) Of flour: fine, and consisting mostly of the inner part of the endosperm of the grain from which it is milled.
2. (medicine) Open, unobstructed; specifically, especially of the ductus arteriosus or foramen ovale in the heart, having not closed as would have happened in normal development.
  She has a patent ductus arteriosus that will require surgery to close.
3. (medicine, veterinary medicine) Of an infection: in the phase when the organism causing it can be detected by clinical tests.
Explicit and obvious.
Synonyms: express, monosemous, unambiguous; see also Thesaurus:explicit, Thesaurus:obvious
Those claims are patent nonsense.
- 1916 March, “The Reconciliation of Government with Liberty. By John W[illiam] Burgess, Ph.D., Ju.D., LL.D. Scribner & Sons, New York. 1915. Pp. 410. [book review]”, in The Ecclesiastical Review: A Monthly Publication for the Clergy, volume IV (6th Series; volume LIV overall), number 3, Philadelphia, Pa.: American Ecclesiastical Review; The Dolphin Press, ISSN 0271-6836, OCLC 718545999, pages 373–374:
  Again we read at page 174: “Instead of the Universal Roman Catholic Church there existed after 1650 the National Catholic Churches of Spain, France, Austria, Poland, etc. more subject to the Royal supremacy than to the Papal, not, however, so completely as in England.” This is obviously an exaggeration. There never existed in the countries mentioned, least of all in Spain, any National Catholic Church. There would not have existed any such contradictorially-named organization even in England had it not been for the lechery of Henry VIII. Other similar misstatements might be noticed here and there. The author's intention, however, to be just is patent and his success in this respect is noteworthy.
(archaic)
1. Especially of a document conferring some privilege or right: open to public perusal or use.
  letters patent
2. Appointed or conferred by letters patent.
  - 1660 May 14 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Samuel Pepys; Mynors Bright, transcriber, “May 4th, 1660”, in Henry B[enjamin] Wheatley, editor, The Diary of Samuel Pepys […], volume I, London: George Bell & Sons […]; Cambridge: Deighton Bell & Co., published 1893, OCLC 1016700617, page 129:
    [H]e did at last think of an office which do belong to him in case the King do restore every man to his places that ever had been patent, which is to be one of the clerks of the signet, which will be a fine employment for one of his sons.
(botany) Of a branch, leaf, etc.: outspread; also, spreading at right angles to the axis.
(law) Protected by a legal patent.
Synonym: patented
a patent right patent medicines
- 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, “Of Madder”, in The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], published 1708, OCLC 13320837, book V, page 125:
  Madder is eſteemed a very rich Commodity, and what will turn to good profit; ſo that in King Charles I's Time it was made a Patent Commodity.
- 1824 March 26, [Lord Byron], Don Juan. Cantos XV. and XVI., London: […] [C. H. Reynell] for John and H[enry] L[eigh] Hunt, […], OCLC 560104685, canto XVI, stanza XXVI, page 74:
  [H]e took up an old newspaper; / The paper was right easy to peruse; / He read an article the king attacking, / And a long eulogy of "Patent Blacking."
- 1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “Is Wholly Devoted to a Full and Faithful Report of the Memorable Trial of Bardell against Pickwick”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, OCLC 28228280, page 368:
  "Yes, I have a pair of eyes," replied Sam, "and that's just it. If they wos a pair o' patent double million magnifyin' gas microscopes of hextra power, p'raps I might be able to see through a flight o' stairs and a deal door; but bein' only eyes you see, my wision's limited."
- 1853, Pisistratus Caxton [pseudonym; Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter III, in “My Novel”; Or Varieties in English Life […], volume I, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, OCLC 457185834, book second, page 103:
  There, were also a small mouse-trap; a patent corkscrew, too good to be used in common; fragments of a silver tea-spoon, that had, by natural decay, arrived at a dissolution of its parts; […]
(by extension, figuratively) To which someone has, or seems to have, a claim or an exclusive claim; also, inventive or particularly suited for.
- 1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “How Mr. Winkle, when He Stepped Out of the Frying-pan, Walked Gently and Comfortably into the Fire”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, OCLC 28228280, page 405:
  ["]Ben, my fine fellow, put your hand into the cupboard, and bring out the patent digester." Mr. Benjamin Allen smiled his readiness, and produced from the closet at his elbow a black bottle half full of brandy.

Derived terms

Chinese patent medicine
erectopatent
patency
patent fuel
patent hammer
patent inside
patent leather
patent log
patently
patent medicine
patent outside
prepatent
prepatently
subpatent (adjective)
subpatently

Translations

conspicuous, open, unconcealed — see conspicuous,‎ open,‎ unconcealed

explicit and obvious — See also translations at explicit,‎ obvious

Bulgarian: явен (bg) (javen), очевиден (bg) (očeviden)
Catalan: patent (ca)
Finnish: suoranainen (fi), ilmeinen (fi)
Irish: paiteanta
Japanese: 明らかな (akirakana)
Occitan: patent (oc), clar (oc), evident (oc)
Persian: عیان‎ (fa) ('ayân)
Polish: oczywisty (pl) m
Portuguese: patente (pt)
Russian: очеви́дный (ru) (očevídnyj), я́вный (ru) (jávnyj)
Spanish: patente (es)

of flour: fine, and consisting mostly of the inner part of the endosperm of the grain from which it is milled

(medicine) open, unobstructed

Finnish: avoin (fi)
Italian: pervio (it)

of an infection: in the phase when the organism causing it can be detected by clinical tests

open to public perusal or use

appointed or conferred by letters patent

of a branch, leaf, etc.: outspread; also, spreading at right angles to the axis

protected by a legal patent

Finnish: patentoitu (fi)

to which someone has, or seems to have, a claim or an exclusive claim

References

“patent, adj.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2020; “patent, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
“patent”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present, reproduced from Stuart Berg Flexner, editor in chief, Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Random House, 1993, →ISBN.
“patent(e, n.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
“patent, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2021; “patent, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
“patent, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, April 2020; “patent, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
“patent(e, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Anagrams

Patten, patten, pét-nat

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin patēns, pateō.

Pronunciation

(Balearic) IPA^(key): /pəˈtent/

(Central) IPA^(key): /pəˈten/

(Valencian) IPA^(key): /paˈtent/

Noun

patent f (plural patents)

patent
- 2021 December 12, Xavier Grau del Cerro, Núria Rius Montaner, “Espanya renuncia a la patent unitària europea per l’idioma”, in Ara.cat‎, retrieved 2021-12-13:
  La patent unitària europea entrarà previsiblement en vigor l’any que ve, un cop Àustria ha ratificat la seva adhesió i Alemanya està a punt de fer-ho. Un sistema que ha de permetre, amb una única aplicació, que una patent entri en vigor en tots els estats que s’hi han sumat.
  (please add an English translation of this quote)

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈpatɛnt]

Noun

patent m

patent (declaration issued by a government to an inventor)

Derived terms

patentový

Danish

Noun

patent n (singular definite patentet, plural indefinite patenter)

patent

Declension

Declension of patent

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
neuter gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	patent	patentet	patenter	patenterne
genitive	patents	patentets	patenters	patenternes

Related terms

patenterbar
patentere

References

“patent” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /paːˈtɛnt/
Audio (file)
Hyphenation: pa‧tent
Rhymes: -ɛnt

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle French patente, from lettres patentes (“letter in which a privilege is granted”), from Latin litterae patentes.

Noun

patent n (plural patenten, diminutive patentje n)

patent [from 16th c.]
Synonym: octrooi

Derived terms

patentrecht

Descendants

→ Indonesian: paten
→ Papiamentu: patènt

Etymology 2

Borrowed from German patent, originating in student slang. Related to etymology 1.

Adjective

patent (comparative patenter, superlative patentst)

excellent, exquisite [from mid 19th c.]
Synonyms: geweldig, voortreffelijk

Inflection

Inflection of patent
uninflected	patent
inflected	patente
comparative	patenter
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		patent	patenter	het patentst het patentste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	patente	patentere	patentste
	n. sing.	patent	patenter	patentste
	plural	patente	patentere	patentste
definite		patente	patentere	patentste
partitive		patents	patenters	—

French

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

Adjective

patent (feminine patente, masculine plural patents, feminine plural patentes)

patent (obvious)

German

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

Adjective

patent (strong nominative masculine singular patenter, comparative patenter, superlative am patentesten)

clever
ingenious

Declension

Positive forms of patent

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist patent	sie ist patent	es ist patent	sie sind patent
strong declension (without article)	nominative	patenter	patente	patentes	patente
	genitive	patenten	patenter	patenten	patenter
	dative	patentem	patenter	patentem	patenten
	accusative	patenten	patente	patentes	patente
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der patente	die patente	das patente	die patenten
	genitive	des patenten	der patenten	des patenten	der patenten
	dative	dem patenten	der patenten	dem patenten	den patenten
	accusative	den patenten	die patente	das patente	die patenten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein patenter	eine patente	ein patentes	(keine) patenten
	genitive	eines patenten	einer patenten	eines patenten	(keiner) patenten
	dative	einem patenten	einer patenten	einem patenten	(keinen) patenten
	accusative	einen patenten	eine patente	ein patentes	(keine) patenten

Comparative forms of patent

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist patenter	sie ist patenter	es ist patenter	sie sind patenter
strong declension (without article)	nominative	patenterer	patentere	patenteres	patentere
	genitive	patenteren	patenterer	patenteren	patenterer
	dative	patenterem	patenterer	patenterem	patenteren
	accusative	patenteren	patentere	patenteres	patentere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der patentere	die patentere	das patentere	die patenteren
	genitive	des patenteren	der patenteren	des patenteren	der patenteren
	dative	dem patenteren	der patenteren	dem patenteren	den patenteren
	accusative	den patenteren	die patentere	das patentere	die patenteren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein patenterer	eine patentere	ein patenteres	(keine) patenteren
	genitive	eines patenteren	einer patenteren	eines patenteren	(keiner) patenteren
	dative	einem patenteren	einer patenteren	einem patenteren	(keinen) patenteren
	accusative	einen patenteren	eine patentere	ein patenteres	(keine) patenteren

Superlative forms of patent

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist am patentesten	sie ist am patentesten	es ist am patentesten	sie sind am patentesten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	patentester	patenteste	patentestes	patenteste
	genitive	patentesten	patentester	patentesten	patentester
	dative	patentestem	patentester	patentestem	patentesten
	accusative	patentesten	patenteste	patentestes	patenteste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der patenteste	die patenteste	das patenteste	die patentesten
	genitive	des patentesten	der patentesten	des patentesten	der patentesten
	dative	dem patentesten	der patentesten	dem patentesten	den patentesten
	accusative	den patentesten	die patenteste	das patenteste	die patentesten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein patentester	eine patenteste	ein patentestes	(keine) patentesten
	genitive	eines patentesten	einer patentesten	eines patentesten	(keiner) patentesten
	dative	einem patentesten	einer patentesten	einem patentesten	(keinen) patentesten
	accusative	einen patentesten	eine patenteste	ein patentestes	(keine) patentesten

Hungarian

Etymology

From German Patent (“patent”) or German patent (“clever; ingenious”).[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈpɒtɛnt]
Hyphenation: pa‧tent
Rhymes: -ɛnt

Noun

patent (plural patentek or patentok)

snap fastener, press stud
Synonym: nyomókapocs
(archaic) patent (official document)
Synonym: szabadalom

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	patent	patentok
accusative	patentot	patentokat
dative	patentnak	patentoknak
instrumental	patenttal	patentokkal
causal-final	patentért	patentokért
translative	patenttá	patentokká
terminative	patentig	patentokig
essive-formal	patentként	patentokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	patentban	patentokban
superessive	patenton	patentokon
adessive	patentnál	patentoknál
illative	patentba	patentokba
sublative	patentra	patentokra
allative	patenthoz	patentokhoz
elative	patentból	patentokból
delative	patentról	patentokról
ablative	patenttól	patentoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	patenté	patentoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	patentéi	patentokéi

Possessive forms of patent
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	patentom	patentjaim
2nd person sing.	patentod	patentjaid
3rd person sing.	patentja	patentjai
1st person plural	patentunk	patentjaink
2nd person plural	patentotok	patentjaitok
3rd person plural	patentjuk	patentjaik

or

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	patent	patentek
accusative	patentet	patenteket
dative	patentnek	patenteknek
instrumental	patenttel	patentekkel
causal-final	patentért	patentekért
translative	patentté	patentekké
terminative	patentig	patentekig
essive-formal	patentként	patentekként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	patentben	patentekben
superessive	patenten	patenteken
adessive	patentnél	patenteknél
illative	patentbe	patentekbe
sublative	patentre	patentekre
allative	patenthez	patentekhez
elative	patentből	patentekből
delative	patentről	patentekről
ablative	patenttől	patentektől
non-attributive possessive - singular	patenté	patenteké
non-attributive possessive - plural	patentéi	patentekéi

Possessive forms of patent
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	patentem	patentjeim
2nd person sing.	patented	patentjeid
3rd person sing.	patentje	patentjei
1st person plural	patentünk	patentjeink
2nd person plural	patentetek	patentjeitek
3rd person plural	patentjük	patentjeik

Derived terms

patentol
patentolható
patentos

References

patent in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN

Latin

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tent/, [ˈpät̪ɛn̪t̪]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tent/, [ˈpäːt̪en̪t̪]

Verb

patent

third-person plural present active indicative of pateō

Middle English

Etymology 1

From a short form of lettres patentes, from Anglo-Norman lettre patente (“open letter”), from Latin littera patens.

Alternative forms

patente, patentt

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /paˈtɛnt/, /ˈpatɛnt/

Noun

patent (plural patentes)

A letter conferring a privilege or status.
Such a privilege or status conferred.
(rare) A letter conferring other advantages.

Descendants

English: patent (noun)

References

“patent(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Middle French patent, from Old French, from Latin patēns.

Alternative forms

patente

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /paˈtɛnt/, /ˈpatɛnt/

Adjective

patent

(rare) open, unconfined, unrestricted

Descendants

English: patent (adjective)

References

“patent(e, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Noun

patent

Alternative form of patene

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Short form of Anglo-Norman lettre patente.

Noun

patent n (definite singular patentet, indefinite plural patent or patenter, definite plural patenta or patentene)

patent

Related terms

patentere

References

“patent” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Short form of Anglo-Norman lettre patente.

Noun

patent n (definite singular patentet, indefinite plural patent, definite plural patenta)

patent

References

“patent” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from French patente, from Latin patēns.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tɛnt/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -atɛnt
Syllabification: pa‧tent

Noun

patent m inan

patent (official declaration that someone is the inventor of something)

Declension

Declension of patent

	singular	plural
nominative	patent	patenty
genitive	patentu	patentów
dative	patentowi	patentom
accusative	patent	patenty
instrumental	patentem	patentami
locative	patencie	patentach
vocative	patencie	patenty

Derived terms

verbs

opatentować
patentować

Related terms

adjective

patentowany

Romanian

Etymology

From French patent.

Adjective

patent m or n (feminine singular patentă, masculine plural patenți, feminine and neuter plural patente)

patent

Declension

Declension of patent

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	patent		patentă	patenți	patente
nominative/ accusative	definite	patentul		patenta	patenții	patentele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	patent		patente	patenți	patente
genitive/ dative	definite	patentului		patentei	patenților	patentelor

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pǎtent/
Hyphenation: pa‧tent

Noun

pàtent m (Cyrillic spelling па̀тент)

patent (official declaration that someone is the inventor of something)

Declension

Declension of patent

	singular	plural
nominative	pàtent	patenti
genitive	patenta	patenātā
dative	patentu	patentima
accusative	patenta	patente
vocative	patente	patenti
locative	patentu	patentima
instrumental	patentom	patentima

Swedish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /paˈtɛnt/

Noun

patent n

patent

Declension

Declension of patent
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	patent	patentet	patent	patenten
Genitive	patents	patentets	patents	patentens

Related terms

pantentsökt
patentanspråk
patentansökan
patentbyrå
patentera
patentlås
patentskydd
patentskydda
patentverk

Anagrams

patten

[OED-1] “patent, adj.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2020; “patent, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

[2] “patent”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present, reproduced from Stuart Berg Flexner, editor in chief, Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Random House, 1993, →ISBN.

[3] “patent(e, n.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[4] “patent, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2021; “patent, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

[5] “patent, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, April 2020; “patent, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

[6] “patent(e, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[7] tent in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN

patent

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Adjective

Derived terms

Translations

References

Further reading

Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Czech

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Danish

Noun

Declension

Related terms

References

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Adjective

Inflection

French

Pronunciation

Adjective

Further reading

German

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Declension

Further reading

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

References

Further reading

Latin

Pronunciation

Verb

Middle English

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

Descendants

References

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adjective

Descendants

References

Noun

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Noun

Related terms

References