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单词 past
释义

past

See also: pásť, pást, and päsť

English

Etymology

From Middle English, past participle of passen (“to pass, to go by”), whence Modern English pass.

Pronunciation

  • (UK) enPR: päst, IPA(key): /pɑːst/
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • (US) enPR: păst, IPA(key): /pæst/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Homophone: passed
  • Rhymes: -æst, -ɑːst

Noun

past (plural pasts)

  1. The period of time that has already happened, in contrast to the present and the future.
    a book about a time machine that can transport people back into the past
    • 1830, Daniel Webster, a speech
      The past, at least, is secure.
    • 1860, Richard Chenevix Trench, On the English Language, Past and Present
      The present is only intelligible in the light of the past, often a very remote past indeed.
    • 2012, Chinle Miller, In Mesozoic Lands: The Mesozoic Geology of Arches and Canyonlands National Parks, Kindle edition:
      The Mesozoic landscape of southeastern Utah can tell us much about the past, and it's one of the most intriguing and beautiful landscapes on Earth.
  2. (grammar) The past tense.

Synonyms

  • (period of time that has already happened): foretime, yestertide; see also Thesaurus:the past

Derived terms

  • blast from the past
  • in the past
  • past anterior
  • past continuous
  • past historic
  • pastless
  • past participle
  • past perfect
  • past progressive
  • past simple
  • past tense
  • simple past
  • thing of the past

Translations

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

  • preterite

Adjective

past (comparative more past, superlative most past)

  1. Having already happened; in the past; finished. [from 14th c.]
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 7, in The China Governess‎:
      The highway to the East Coast which ran through the borough of Ebbfield had always been a main road and even now, despite the vast garages, the pylons and the gaily painted factory glasshouses which had sprung up beside it, there still remained an occasional trace of past cultures.
    past glories
  2. (postmodifier) Following expressions of time to indicate how long ago something happened; ago. [from 15th c.]
    • 1999, George R.R. Martin, A Clash of Kings, Bantam 2011, page 538:
      That had been, what, three years past?
    • 2009, John Sadler, Glencoe, Amberley 2009, page 20:
      Some four decades past, as a boy, I had a chance encounter and conversation with the late W.A. Poucher [...].
  3. Of a period of time: having just gone by; previous. [from 15th c.]
    • 2012 April 23, Angelique Chrisafis, “François Hollande on top but far right scores record result in French election”, in The Guardian‎:
      Sarkozy's total will be seen as a personal failure. It is the first time an outgoing president has failed to win a first-round vote in the past 50 years and makes it harder for Sarkozy to regain momentum.
    during the past year
  4. (grammar) Of a tense, expressing action that has already happened or a previously-existing state. [from 18th c.]
    past tense

Synonyms

  • (having already happened): bygone, foregone; see also Thesaurus:past
  • (having just gone by): foregone, preceding, used-to-be; see also Thesaurus:former

Translations

ago — see ago

Adverb

past (comparative more past, superlative most past)

  1. In a direction that passes.
    Synonym: by
    I watched him walk past

Translations

Preposition

past

  1. Beyond in place or quantity
    the room past mine
    count past twenty
  2. (time) Any number of minutes after the last hour
    What's the time? - It's now quarter past twelve midday (or 12.15pm).
    Antonym: to
    • 2012 April 22, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0-1 West Brom”, in BBC Sport‎:
      But they were stunned when Glen Johnson's error let in Peter Odemwingie to fire past Pepe Reina on 75 minutes.
  3. No longer capable of.
    I'm past caring what he thinks of me.
  4. Having recovered or moved on from (a traumatic experience, etc.).
  5. Passing by, especially without stopping or being delayed.
    Ignore them, we'll play past them.
    Please don't drive past the fruit stand, I want to stop there.

Derived terms

  • see past the end of one's nose

Translations

Verb

past

  1. (obsolete) simple past tense and past participle of pass
    • 1632, John Vicars, The XII Aeneids of Virgil
      Great Tuscane dames, as she their towns past by, / Wisht her their daughter-in-law, but frustrately.
  • past master
  • past it
  • put past
  • run past, runpast
  • slip one past
  • sneak past
  • talk past

Anagrams

  • APTS, APTs, ATSP, PATs, PSAT, PTAs, PTSA, Pats, TAPs, TPAs, Taps, ap'ts, apts, pats, spat, stap, taps

Czech

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpast]
  • Rhymes: -ast

Noun

past f

  1. trap (a device designed to catch and sometimes kill animals)
    past na myši ― mousetrap

Declension

Declension of past
singularplural
nominativepastpasti
genitivepastipastí
dativepastipastem
accusativepastpasti
vocativepastipasti
locativepastipastech
instrumentalpastípastmi

Derived terms

  • pastička

See also

  • léčka
  • záloha
  • nástraha
  • úskalí

Further reading

  • past in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • past in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • past in Internetová jazyková příručka

Anagrams

  • spát
  • psát

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑst
  • IPA(key): /pɑst/

Verb

past

  1. second- and third-person singular present indicative of passen
  2. (archaic) plural imperative of passen

Anagrams

  • spat, stap, taps

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French past, from Latin pastus (“pasture”).

Noun

past m (plural pasts)

  1. food, meal
    • 1537, Giles du Guez, quoting John Palsgrave (c. 1485–1554), An Introductorie for to lerne to speke Frenche trewly :
      Verité est le past de l'ame.
      Truth is the food of the soul.
    • 1583, Claude Gruget, Diverses leçons :
      Il dit aussi que les choux mangez avant le past gardent d'enyvrer.
      He also says that cabbage, when eaten before a meal, reduces how much one gets drunk.

Old French

Alternative forms

  • paist, pest, pas

Etymology

From Latin pastus (“pasture”), probably influenced by paste (“dough, pastry”).

Noun

past m (nominative singular past)

  1. food, meal
    • ca. 1268, Étienne Boileau (ca. 1210–1270), Livre des métiers :
      Por son abuvrement et por son past.
      For him to drink and for his food.

Descendants

  • Middle French: past

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /past/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ast
  • Syllabification: past

Noun

past f

  1. genitive plural of pasta

Slovene

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /páːst/

Noun

pȃst f

  1. trap

Inflection

Feminine, i-stem, mobile accent
nom. sing.pást
gen. sing.pastí
singulardualplural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)		pástpastípastí
genitive
(rodȋlnik)		pastípastípastí
dative
(dajȃlnik)		pástipastémapastém
accusative
(tožȋlnik)		pástpastípastí
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)		pástipastéhpastéh
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)		pastjópastémapastmí

Verb

pȃst

  1. supine of pásti

Further reading

  • “past”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
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